Vol. 142
Latest Volume
All Volumes
PIER 179 [2024] PIER 178 [2023] PIER 177 [2023] PIER 176 [2023] PIER 175 [2022] PIER 174 [2022] PIER 173 [2022] PIER 172 [2021] PIER 171 [2021] PIER 170 [2021] PIER 169 [2020] PIER 168 [2020] PIER 167 [2020] PIER 166 [2019] PIER 165 [2019] PIER 164 [2019] PIER 163 [2018] PIER 162 [2018] PIER 161 [2018] PIER 160 [2017] PIER 159 [2017] PIER 158 [2017] PIER 157 [2016] PIER 156 [2016] PIER 155 [2016] PIER 154 [2015] PIER 153 [2015] PIER 152 [2015] PIER 151 [2015] PIER 150 [2015] PIER 149 [2014] PIER 148 [2014] PIER 147 [2014] PIER 146 [2014] PIER 145 [2014] PIER 144 [2014] PIER 143 [2013] PIER 142 [2013] PIER 141 [2013] PIER 140 [2013] PIER 139 [2013] PIER 138 [2013] PIER 137 [2013] PIER 136 [2013] PIER 135 [2013] PIER 134 [2013] PIER 133 [2013] PIER 132 [2012] PIER 131 [2012] PIER 130 [2012] PIER 129 [2012] PIER 128 [2012] PIER 127 [2012] PIER 126 [2012] PIER 125 [2012] PIER 124 [2012] PIER 123 [2012] PIER 122 [2012] PIER 121 [2011] PIER 120 [2011] PIER 119 [2011] PIER 118 [2011] PIER 117 [2011] PIER 116 [2011] PIER 115 [2011] PIER 114 [2011] PIER 113 [2011] PIER 112 [2011] PIER 111 [2011] PIER 110 [2010] PIER 109 [2010] PIER 108 [2010] PIER 107 [2010] PIER 106 [2010] PIER 105 [2010] PIER 104 [2010] PIER 103 [2010] PIER 102 [2010] PIER 101 [2010] PIER 100 [2010] PIER 99 [2009] PIER 98 [2009] PIER 97 [2009] PIER 96 [2009] PIER 95 [2009] PIER 94 [2009] PIER 93 [2009] PIER 92 [2009] PIER 91 [2009] PIER 90 [2009] PIER 89 [2009] PIER 88 [2008] PIER 87 [2008] PIER 86 [2008] PIER 85 [2008] PIER 84 [2008] PIER 83 [2008] PIER 82 [2008] PIER 81 [2008] PIER 80 [2008] PIER 79 [2008] PIER 78 [2008] PIER 77 [2007] PIER 76 [2007] PIER 75 [2007] PIER 74 [2007] PIER 73 [2007] PIER 72 [2007] PIER 71 [2007] PIER 70 [2007] PIER 69 [2007] PIER 68 [2007] PIER 67 [2007] PIER 66 [2006] PIER 65 [2006] PIER 64 [2006] PIER 63 [2006] PIER 62 [2006] PIER 61 [2006] PIER 60 [2006] PIER 59 [2006] PIER 58 [2006] PIER 57 [2006] PIER 56 [2006] PIER 55 [2005] PIER 54 [2005] PIER 53 [2005] PIER 52 [2005] PIER 51 [2005] PIER 50 [2005] PIER 49 [2004] PIER 48 [2004] PIER 47 [2004] PIER 46 [2004] PIER 45 [2004] PIER 44 [2004] PIER 43 [2003] PIER 42 [2003] PIER 41 [2003] PIER 40 [2003] PIER 39 [2003] PIER 38 [2002] PIER 37 [2002] PIER 36 [2002] PIER 35 [2002] PIER 34 [2001] PIER 33 [2001] PIER 32 [2001] PIER 31 [2001] PIER 30 [2001] PIER 29 [2000] PIER 28 [2000] PIER 27 [2000] PIER 26 [2000] PIER 25 [2000] PIER 24 [1999] PIER 23 [1999] PIER 22 [1999] PIER 21 [1999] PIER 20 [1998] PIER 19 [1998] PIER 18 [1998] PIER 17 [1997] PIER 16 [1997] PIER 15 [1997] PIER 14 [1996] PIER 13 [1996] PIER 12 [1996] PIER 11 [1995] PIER 10 [1995] PIER 09 [1994] PIER 08 [1994] PIER 07 [1993] PIER 06 [1992] PIER 05 [1991] PIER 04 [1991] PIER 03 [1990] PIER 02 [1990] PIER 01 [1989]
2013-10-18
Polarization-Agile Ads-Interleaved Planar Arrays
By
Progress In Electromagnetics Research, Vol. 142, 771-798, 2013
Abstract
This paper presents a class of polarization-agile arrays with controlled sidelobes. The architecture is based on the interleaving of two independently polarized sub-arrays through a deterministic strategy derived from Almost Difference Sets (ADSs). The efficiency, flexibility and reliability of the proposed design technique is assessed by means of a set of numerical simulations. Moreover, selected experiments aimed at comparing the performances of the presented approach with state-of-the-art design are provided. Finally, mutual coupling effects are numerically analyzed and discussed.
Citation
Giacomo Oliveri, Leonardo Lizzi, Fabrizio Robol, and Andrea Massa, "Polarization-Agile Ads-Interleaved Planar Arrays," Progress In Electromagnetics Research, Vol. 142, 771-798, 2013.
doi:10.2528/PIER13072702
References

1. Soliman, E. A., W. De Raedt, and G. A. E. Vandenbosch, "Reconfigurable slot antenna for polarization diversity," Journal of Electromagnetic Waves and Applications, Vol. 23, No. 7, 905-916, 2009.
doi:10.1163/156939309788355207

2. Alkanhal, M. and A. F. Sheta, "A novel dual-band reconfigurable square-ring microstrip antenna," Progress In Electromagnetics Research, Vol. 70, 337-349, 2007.
doi:10.2528/PIER07020703

3. Nolen, J., "Phased array polarization agility," IEEE Trans. Antennas Propag., Vol. 13, No. 5, 820-821, 1965.
doi:10.1109/TAP.1965.1138495

4. Giuli, D., "Polarization diversity in radar," Proc. IEEE, Vol. 74, No. 2, 245-269, 1986.
doi:10.1109/PROC.1986.13457

5. Gao, S., A. Sambell, and S. S. Zhong, "Polarization-agile antennas," IEEE Antennas Propagat. Mag., Vol. 48, No. 3, 28-37, 2006.
doi:10.1109/MAP.2006.1703396

6. Simeoni, M., I. E. Lager, C. I. Coman, and A. G. Roeder, "Implementation of polarization agility in planar phased-array antennas by means of interleaved subarrays," Radio Sci., Vol. 44, No. RS5013, 1-26, 2009.

7. Skolnik, M. I., Introduction to Radar Systems, 2nd Ed., McGraw-Hill, New York, 1981.

8. Shaubert, D. H., F. C. Farrar, A. Sindoris, and S. T. Hayes, "Microstrip antennas with frequency agility and polarization diversity," IEEE Trans. Antennas Propag., Vol. 29, No. 1, 118-123, Jan. 1981.
doi:10.1109/TAP.1981.1142546

9. Korosec, T., P. Ritos, and M. Vidmar, "Varactor-tuned microstrip-patch antenna with frequency and polarisation agility," Electron. Lett., Vol. 42, No. 18, 7-8, 2006.
doi:10.1049/el:20061699

10. Wei, W.-B., Q.-Z. Liu, Y.-Z. Yin, and H.-J. Zhou, "Reconfigurable microstrip patch antenna with switchable polarization," Progress In Electromagnetics Research, Vol. 75, 63-68, 2007.
doi:10.2528/PIER07053002

11. Chen, Y. B., T. B. Chen, Y. C. Jiao, and F. S. Zhang, "A recon¯gurable microstrip antenna with switchable polarization," Journal of Electromagnetic Waves and Applications, Vol. 20, No. 10, 1391-1398, 2006.
doi:10.1163/156939306779276820

12. Xu, H.-X., G.-M. Wang, and M.-Q. Qi, "A miniaturized triple-band metamaterial antenna with radiation pattern selectivity and polarization diversity," Progress In Electromagnetics Research, Vol. 137, 275-292, 2013.

13. Vongsack, S., C. Phongcharoenpanich, S. Kosulvit, K. Hamamoto, and T. Wakabayashi, "Unidirectional antenna using two-probe excited circular ring above square reflector for polarization diversity with high isolation," Progress In Electromagnetics Research, Vol. 133, 159-176, 2013.

14. Zhao, Y.-L., C. Gai, L. Liu, J.-P. Xiong, J. Chen, and Y.-C. Jiao, "Novel polarization reconfigurable annular ring-slot antenna," Journal of Electromagnetic Waves and Applications, Vol. 22, No. 11--12, 1587-1592, 2008.
doi:10.1163/156939308786390283

15. Sun, L., B.-H. Sun, J.-Y. Li, Y.-H. Huang, and Q.-Z. Liu, "Recon¯gurable dual circularly polarized microstrip antenna without orthogonal feeding network," Journal of Electromagnetic Waves and Applications, Vol. 25, No. 10, 1352-1359, 2011.

16. Biffi Gentili, G. and C. Salvador, "New serially fed polarisation-agile linear array of patches," IEE Proc. Microw. Antennas Propag., Vol. 145, No. 5, 392-396, Oct. 1998.
doi:10.1049/ip-map:19982065

17. Zhong, S.-S., X.-X. Yang, and S.-C. Gao, "Polarization-agile microstrip antenna array using a single phase-shift circuit," IEEE Trans. Antennas Propag., Vol. 52, No. 1, 84-87, 2004.
doi:10.1109/TAP.2003.820953

18. Yen, S.-C. and T.-H. Chu, "A beam-scanning and polarization agile antenna array using mutually coupled oscillating doublers," IEEE Trans. Antennas Propag., Vol. 53, No. 12, 4051-4057, Dec. 2005.
doi:10.1109/TAP.2005.859751

19. Huang, J., "A technique for an array to generate circular polarization with linearly polarized elements," IEEE Trans. Antennas Propagat., Vol. 34, No. 9, 1113-1124, 1986.
doi:10.1109/TAP.1986.1143953

20. Coman, C. I., I. E. Lager, and L. P. Ligthart, "The design of shared aperture antennas consisting of differently sized elements," IEEE Trans. Antennas Propag., Vol. 54, No. 2, 376-383, 2006.
doi:10.1109/TAP.2005.863382

21. Oliveri, G., P. Rocca, and A. Massa, "Interleaved linear arrays with difference sets," Electron. Lett., Vol. 45, No. 5, 323-324, 2010.
doi:10.1049/el.2010.2255

22. Oliveri, G., F. Caramanica, C. Fontanari, and A. Massa, "Rectangular thinned arrays based on McFarland difference sets," IEEE Trans. Antennas Propag., Vol. 59, No. 5, 1546-1552, May 2011.
doi:10.1109/TAP.2011.2123072

23. Leeper, D. G., "Isophoric arrays --- Massively thinned phased arrays with well-controlled sidelobes ," IEEE Trans. Antennas Propag., Vol. 47, No. 12, 1825-1835, Dec. 1999.
doi:10.1109/8.817659

24. Oliveri, G., M. Donelli, and A. Massa, "Genetically-designed arbitrary length almost difference sets," Electron. Lett., Vol. 45, No. 23, 1182-1183, Nov. 2009.
doi:10.1049/el.2009.1927

25. Arasu, K. T., C. Ding, T. Helleseth, P. V. Kumar, and H. M. Martinsen, "Almost difference sets and their sequences with optimal autocorrelation," IEEE Trans. Inf. Theory, Vol. 47, No. 7, 2934-2943, Nov. 2001.
doi:10.1109/18.959271

26. Zhang, Y., J. G. Lei, and S. P. Zhang, "A new family of almost difference sets and some necessary conditions," IEEE Trans. Inf. Theory, Vol. 52, No. 5, 2052-2061, May 2006.
doi:10.1109/TIT.2006.872969

27. Oliveri, G., M. Donelli, and A. Massa, "Linear array thinning exploiting almost difference sets," IEEE Trans. Antennas Propag. , Vol. 57, No. 12, 3800-3812, Dec. 2009.
doi:10.1109/TAP.2009.2027243

28. Oliveri, G., L. Manica, and A. Massa, "ADS-based guidelines for thinned planar arrays," IEEE Trans. Antennas Propag., Vol. 58, 1935-1948, Jun. 2010.
doi:10.1109/TAP.2010.2046858

29. Oliveri, G., L. Manica, and A. Massa, "On the impact of mutual coupling effects on the PSL of ADS thinned arrays," Progress In Electromagnetic Research B, Vol. 17, 293-308, 2009.
doi:10.2528/PIERB09082703

30. Carlin, M., G. Oliveri, and A. Massa, "On the robustness to element failures of linear ADS-thinned arrays," IEEE Trans. Antennas Propag., Vol. 59, No. 12, 4849-4853, Dec. 2011.
doi:10.1109/TAP.2011.2165510

31. Oliveri, G. and A. Massa, "Fully-interleaved linear arrays with predictable sidelobes based on almost difference sets," IET Radar, Sonar & Navigation, Vol. 4, No. 5, 649-661, Oct. 2010.
doi:10.1049/iet-rsn.2009.0186

32. Oliveri, G. and A. Massa, "ADS-based array design for 2D and 3D ultrasound imaging," IEEE Trans. on Ultrason., Ferroelectr., and Freq. Control, Vol. 57, No. 7, 1568-1582, Jul. 2010.
doi:10.1109/TUFFC.2010.1587

33. Oliveri, G., F. Caramanica, M. D. Migliore, and A. Massa, "Synthesis of non-uniform MIMO arrays through combinatorial sets," IEEE Antennas Wireless Propag. Lett., Vol. 11, 728-731, 2012.
doi:10.1109/LAWP.2012.2205552

34. Oliveri, G. and A. Massa, "Genetic algorithm (GA)-enhanced almost difference set (ADS)-based approach for array thinning," IET Microw. Antennas Propag., Vol. 5, No. 3, 305-315, Feb. 2011.
doi:10.1049/iet-map.2010.0114

35. Oliveri, G., F. Caramanica, and A. Massa, "Hybrid ADS-based techniques for radio astronomy array design," IEEE Trans. Antennas Propag., Vol. 59, No. 6, 1817-1827, Jun. 2011.
doi:10.1109/TAP.2011.2122228

36. Mailloux, R. J., Phased Array Antenna Handbook, Artech House, Inc., Norwood, MA, 2005.

37. Balanis, C. A., "Antenna Theory: Analysis and Design," Wiley, 1997.

38. Kraus, J. D., Antennas, 2nd Ed., McGraw Hill, New York, 1988.

39. MacWilliams, F. J. and N. J. Sloane, "Pseudo random sequences and arrays," Proc. IEEE, Vol. 64, No. 12, Dec. 1976.
doi:10.1109/PROC.1976.10411

40. McFarland, R. J., "A family of difference sets in non-cyclic groups," Journal of Combinatorial Theory A, Vol. 15, No. 1, 1-10, Jul. 1973.
doi:10.1016/0097-3165(73)90031-9

41. Turyn, R. J., "Character sum and difference sets," Pacific J. Math., Vol. 15, No. 1, 319-346, 1965.
doi:10.2140/pjm.1965.15.319

42. "La Jolla Cyclic Difference Set Repository,".
doi:http://www.ccrwest.org/diffsets.html.

43. "ELEDIA Almost Difference Set Repository,".
doi:http://www.eledia.ing.unitn.it/.