Vol. 107
Latest Volume
All Volumes
PIER 179 [2024] PIER 178 [2023] PIER 177 [2023] PIER 176 [2023] PIER 175 [2022] PIER 174 [2022] PIER 173 [2022] PIER 172 [2021] PIER 171 [2021] PIER 170 [2021] PIER 169 [2020] PIER 168 [2020] PIER 167 [2020] PIER 166 [2019] PIER 165 [2019] PIER 164 [2019] PIER 163 [2018] PIER 162 [2018] PIER 161 [2018] PIER 160 [2017] PIER 159 [2017] PIER 158 [2017] PIER 157 [2016] PIER 156 [2016] PIER 155 [2016] PIER 154 [2015] PIER 153 [2015] PIER 152 [2015] PIER 151 [2015] PIER 150 [2015] PIER 149 [2014] PIER 148 [2014] PIER 147 [2014] PIER 146 [2014] PIER 145 [2014] PIER 144 [2014] PIER 143 [2013] PIER 142 [2013] PIER 141 [2013] PIER 140 [2013] PIER 139 [2013] PIER 138 [2013] PIER 137 [2013] PIER 136 [2013] PIER 135 [2013] PIER 134 [2013] PIER 133 [2013] PIER 132 [2012] PIER 131 [2012] PIER 130 [2012] PIER 129 [2012] PIER 128 [2012] PIER 127 [2012] PIER 126 [2012] PIER 125 [2012] PIER 124 [2012] PIER 123 [2012] PIER 122 [2012] PIER 121 [2011] PIER 120 [2011] PIER 119 [2011] PIER 118 [2011] PIER 117 [2011] PIER 116 [2011] PIER 115 [2011] PIER 114 [2011] PIER 113 [2011] PIER 112 [2011] PIER 111 [2011] PIER 110 [2010] PIER 109 [2010] PIER 108 [2010] PIER 107 [2010] PIER 106 [2010] PIER 105 [2010] PIER 104 [2010] PIER 103 [2010] PIER 102 [2010] PIER 101 [2010] PIER 100 [2010] PIER 99 [2009] PIER 98 [2009] PIER 97 [2009] PIER 96 [2009] PIER 95 [2009] PIER 94 [2009] PIER 93 [2009] PIER 92 [2009] PIER 91 [2009] PIER 90 [2009] PIER 89 [2009] PIER 88 [2008] PIER 87 [2008] PIER 86 [2008] PIER 85 [2008] PIER 84 [2008] PIER 83 [2008] PIER 82 [2008] PIER 81 [2008] PIER 80 [2008] PIER 79 [2008] PIER 78 [2008] PIER 77 [2007] PIER 76 [2007] PIER 75 [2007] PIER 74 [2007] PIER 73 [2007] PIER 72 [2007] PIER 71 [2007] PIER 70 [2007] PIER 69 [2007] PIER 68 [2007] PIER 67 [2007] PIER 66 [2006] PIER 65 [2006] PIER 64 [2006] PIER 63 [2006] PIER 62 [2006] PIER 61 [2006] PIER 60 [2006] PIER 59 [2006] PIER 58 [2006] PIER 57 [2006] PIER 56 [2006] PIER 55 [2005] PIER 54 [2005] PIER 53 [2005] PIER 52 [2005] PIER 51 [2005] PIER 50 [2005] PIER 49 [2004] PIER 48 [2004] PIER 47 [2004] PIER 46 [2004] PIER 45 [2004] PIER 44 [2004] PIER 43 [2003] PIER 42 [2003] PIER 41 [2003] PIER 40 [2003] PIER 39 [2003] PIER 38 [2002] PIER 37 [2002] PIER 36 [2002] PIER 35 [2002] PIER 34 [2001] PIER 33 [2001] PIER 32 [2001] PIER 31 [2001] PIER 30 [2001] PIER 29 [2000] PIER 28 [2000] PIER 27 [2000] PIER 26 [2000] PIER 25 [2000] PIER 24 [1999] PIER 23 [1999] PIER 22 [1999] PIER 21 [1999] PIER 20 [1998] PIER 19 [1998] PIER 18 [1998] PIER 17 [1997] PIER 16 [1997] PIER 15 [1997] PIER 14 [1996] PIER 13 [1996] PIER 12 [1996] PIER 11 [1995] PIER 10 [1995] PIER 09 [1994] PIER 08 [1994] PIER 07 [1993] PIER 06 [1992] PIER 05 [1991] PIER 04 [1991] PIER 03 [1990] PIER 02 [1990] PIER 01 [1989]
2010-08-18
A New Method for the Synthesis of Non-Uniform Linear Arrays with Shaped Power Patterns (Invited Paper)
By
Progress In Electromagnetics Research, Vol. 107, 349-363, 2010
Abstract
Antenna arrays with shaped power patterns have many applications in communications and radars. Many antenna array synthesis techniques for shaped patterns have been developed in the past years, and most of them deal only with uniformly spaced arrays. In this paper, a new method is proposed for the synthesis of nonuniform linear antenna arrays with shaped power patterns. The proposed synthesis method consists of three steps. First, we find a satisfactory power pattern for the required radiation characteristics by solving a constrained least-squares problem which is obtained with the help of non-redundant representation of squared magnitude of a linear array factor. Then, we factorize the polynomial associated with the power pattern by using polynomial rooting, and consequently obtain the corresponding field patterns. Finally, the forward-backward matrix pencil method is used to obtain a nonuniform linear array with optimized excitation magnitudes, phases and locations for a specific choice of field patterns. The synthesized array has a smaller number of elements than the one with uniformly spaced elements for the same pattern performance. Several synthesis experiments are conducted to validate the effectiveness and advantages of the proposed synthesis method.
Citation
Yanhui Liu, Zai-Ping Nie, and Qing Huo Liu, "A New Method for the Synthesis of Non-Uniform Linear Arrays with Shaped Power Patterns (Invited Paper)," Progress In Electromagnetics Research, Vol. 107, 349-363, 2010.
doi:10.2528/PIER10060912
References

1. Woodward, P. M., "A method of calculating the field over a plane aperture required to produce a given polar diagram," J. Inst. Elect. Eng., Vol. 93, 1554-1558, 1947.

2. Stutzman, W. L., "Synthesis of shaped-beam radiation patterns using the iterative sampling method," IEEE Trans. Antennas Propagat., Vol. 19, No. 1, 36-41, 1971.

3. Elliott, R. S. and G. J. Stern, "A new technique for shaped beam synthesis of equispaced arrays," IEEE Trans. Antennas Propagat., Vol. 32, No. 10, 1129-1133, 1984.

4. Milne, K., "Synthesis of power radiation patterns for linear array antennas ," IEE Proceedings H, Vol. 134, No. 3, 285-296, 1987.

5. Zhang, W.-X. and Y.-M. Bo, "Pattern synthesis for linear equalspaced antenna array using an iterative eigenmodes method," IEE Proceedings H, Vol. 135, No. 3, 167-170, 1988.

6. Werner, D. H. and A. J. Ferraro, "Cosine patterns synthesis for single and multiple main beam uniformly spaced linear arrays," IEEE Trans. Antennas Propagat., Vol. 37, No. 11, 1480-1484, 1989.

7. Isernia, T., O. M. Bucci, and N. Fiorentino, "Shaped beam antenna synthesis problems: Feasibility criteria and new strategies," Journal of Electromagnetic Waves and Applications, Vol. 12, No. 1, 103-138, 1998.

8. Cid, J. M., J. A. Rodriguez, and F. Ares, "Shaped power patterns produced by equispaced linear arrays: Optimized synthesis using orthogonal sin(Nx)/sin(x) beams," Journal of Electromagnetic Waves and Applications, Vol. 13, No. 7, 985-992, 1999.

9. Azevedo, J. A. R., "Shaped beam pattern synthesis with nonuniform sample phases ," Progress In Electromagnetics Research B, Vol. 5, 77-90, 2008.

10. Akdagli, A. and K. Guney, "Shaped-beam pattern synthesis of equally and unequally spaced linear antenna arrays using a modified tabu search algorithm," Microwave Opt. Technol. Lett., Vol. 36, No. 1, 16-20, 2003.

11. Kazemi, S., H. R. Hassani, G. R. Dadashzadeh, and F. Geran, "Performance improvement in amplitude synthesis of unequally spaced array using least mean square method," Progress In Electromagnetics Research B, Vol. 1, 135-145, 2008.

12. Marcano, D. and F. Duran, "Synthesis of antenna arrays using genetic algorithms," IEEE Antennas Propag. Mag., Vol. 42, No. 3, 12-22, 2000.

13. Dritschel, M. A., "On factorization of trigonometric polynomials," Integr. Equ. Oper. Theory, Vol. 49, No. 1, 11-42, 2004.

14. Liu, Y.-H., Z.-P. Nie, and Q. H. Liu, "Reducing the number of elements in a linear antenna array by the matrix pencil method," IEEE Trans. Antennas Propagat., Vol. 56, No. 9, 2955-2962, 2008.

15. Liu, Y.-H., Q. H. Liu, and Z.-P. Nie, "Reducing the number of elements in the synthesis of shaped-beam patterns by the forward-backward matrix pencil method," IEEE Trans. Antennas Propagat., Vol. 58, No. 2, 604-608, 2010.

16. Miller, E. K. and D. M. Goodman, "A pole-zero modeling approach to linear array synthesis I: The unconstrained solution," Radio Sci., Vol. 18, 57-69, 1983.

17. Oppenheim, A. V. and R. W. Schafer, Digital Signal Processing, Prentice-Hall, Englewood Ciffs, 1975.

18. Hua, Y. and T. K. Sarkar, "Matrix pencil method for estimating parameters of exponentially damped/undamped sinusoids in noise," IEEE Trans. Acoust., Speech, Signal Processing, Vol. 38, No. 5, 814-824, 1990.