volume | PIER Journals

Abstract

This work presents a compact rectenna based on printed on paper electronics. The rectenna is printed using mass production technique on an environmental-friendly and flexible paper substrate. Only one ink layer is used. The characterized paper substrates present minimum tangent losses of 0.08. It shows at most 40 times higher tangent loss than commercial substrates (Rogers Ultralam2000). A reduction of 50% of dielectric losses can be achieved by a good selection of the paper type; the selected paper substrate is a corrugated cardboard with 0.04 loss tangent value. The designed rectenna is based on two series-mounted SMS7630 Schottky diodes. Co-design technique has been used in order to integrate different blocks for additional loss reduction. The goal of our work is the use of a recyclable cardboard substrate with low-losses compared to classical paper substrate and high losses compared to commercial substrates. The printed on cardboard rectenna presents similar performances to a rectenna etched on commercial substrates. This device aims to convert high voltage levels (1V) at low power levels (-15 dBm) for self-sustainable devices. For our application, an electrochromic display is supplied for anti-counterfeiting purposes. When a smartphone operating on Wi-Fi mode is close, the printed rectenna exhibits 970 mV DC which is sufficient to turn on the electrochromic display.

1. Chang, J., T. Ge, and E. Sanchez-Sinencio, "Challenges of printed electronics on flexible substrates," Proc. MWSCAS, 582-585, 2012.

2. Brown, W. C., "The history of power transmission by radio waves," IEEE Trans. Microwave Theory and Techniques, Vol. 32, No. 9, 1230-1242, 1984.
doi:10.1109/TMTT.1984.1132833

3. Sun, H., Y. X. Guo, M. He, and Z. Zhong, "A dual-band rectenna using broadband Yagi antenna array for ambient RF power harvesting," IEEE Antenna and Wireless Propagation Letters, Vol. 12, 918-921, 2013.
doi:10.1109/LAWP.2013.2272873

4. Yamashita, T., K. Honda, and K. Ogawa, "High efficiency MW-band rectenna using a coaxial dielectric resonator and distributed capacitors," Proc. EMTS, 823-826, 2013.

5. Zang, F., H. Nam, and J.-C. Lee, "A novel compact folded dipole architecture for 2.45 GHz rectenna application," Proc. APMC, 2766-2769, 2009.

6. Alam, S. B., M.-S. Ullah, and S. Moury, "Design of a low power 2.45 GHz RF energy harvesting circuit for rectenna," Proc. ICIEV, 1-4, 2013.

7. Tudose, D. S. and A. Voinescu, "Rectifier antenna design for wireless sensor networks," Proc. CSCS, 184-188, 2013.

8. Visser, H. J., "Printed folded dipole antenna design for rectenna and RFID application," Proc. EUCAP, 2852-2855, 2013.

9. Yang, X. X., C. Jiang, A. Z. Elsherbeni, F. Yang, and Y. Q. Wang, "A novel compact printed rectenna for data communication systems," IEEE Trans. Antennas and Propagation, Vol. 61, No. 5, 2532-2539, 2013.
doi:10.1109/TAP.2013.2244550

10. Ushiijima, Y., T. Sakamoto, E. Nishiyama, et al. "5.8-GHz integrated differential rectenna unit using both-sided MIC technology with design flexibility," IEEE Trans. Antennas and Propagation, Vol. 61, No. 6, 3357-3360, 2013.
doi:10.1109/TAP.2013.2247554

11. Adami, S. E., V. Marian, N. Degrenne, et al. "Self-powered ultra-low power DC-DC converter for RF energy harvesting," Faible Tension Faible Consommation (FTFC), IEEE, 1-4, 2012.
doi:10.1109/FTFC.2012.6231746

12. Danine, A., L. Cojocaru, C. Faure, et al. "Room temperature UV treated WO3 thin films for electrochromic devices on paper substrate," Electrochimica Acta, Vol. 129, 113-119, 2014.
doi:10.1016/j.electacta.2014.02.028

13. Monk, P. M. S., R. J. Mortimer, and D. R. Rosseinsky, "Electrochromism and electrochromic devices,", ISBN-13 978-0-521-82269-5, 2007.

14. Rida, A., L. Yang, R. Vyas, and M. M. Tentzeris, "Conductive inkjet-printed antennas on flexible low-cost paper-based substrates for RFID and WSN applications," IEEE Antennas and Propagation Magazine, Vol. 51, No. 3, 13-23, 2009.
doi:10.1109/MAP.2009.5251188

15. Kawabata, H., T. Kobayashi, Y. Kobayashi, and Z. Ma, "Measurement accuracy of a TM_0m0 mode cavity method to measure complex permittivity of rod samples," Proc. APMC, 1465-1470, 2006.

16. Ghiotto, A., "Conception d'antennes de tags RFID UHF, application à la réalisation par Jet de matière,", Phd thesis, Institut Polytechnique de Grenoble, 2008.

17. Notingher, P. V., L. Badicu, L. M. Dumitran, et al. "Dielectric losses in cellulose-based insulations," Proc. SIELMEN, 169-174, 2009.

18. McSpadden, J., L. Fan, and K. Chang, "Design and experiments of a high-conversion-efficiency 5.8-GHz rectenna," IEEE Trans. Microwave Theory and Techniques, Vol. 46, No. 12, 2053-2060, 1998.
doi:10.1109/22.739282

19. Takhedmit, H., L. Cirio, Z. Saddi, J.-D. Lan Sun Luk, and O. Picon, "A novel dual-frequency rectifier based on a 180° hybrid junction for RF energy harvesting," Proc. EUCAP, 2472-2475, 2013.

20. SKYWORKS "SMS7630-093: 0201 surface mount silicon Schottky zero bias detector diode,", 2008.

21. Franciscatto, B. R., V. Freitas, J.-M. Duchamp, C. Defay, and T. P. Vuong, "A different approach to a highly efficient wireless energy harvesting device for low-power application," Microwave & Optoelectronics Conference (IMOC), 2013 SBMO/IEEE MTT-S International, 1-5, 2013.
doi:10.1109/IMOC.2013.6646556

22. Agilent Technologies "Diode detector simulation using Agilent technologies EEsof ADS software,", Application note 1156.

23. Kharrat, I., G. Eymin Petot Tourtollet, J. M. Duchamp, et al. "Design and realization of printed on paper antennas," 7th European Conference on Antennas and Propagation, 3199-3202, Sweden, April 2013.

Dr. Ines Kharrat

Dr. Pascal Xavier

Dr. Tan-Phu Vuong

Dr. Guy Eymin Petot Tourtollet