Vol. 106
Latest Volume
All Volumes
PIERC 142 [2024] PIERC 141 [2024] PIERC 140 [2024] PIERC 139 [2024] PIERC 138 [2023] PIERC 137 [2023] PIERC 136 [2023] PIERC 135 [2023] PIERC 134 [2023] PIERC 133 [2023] PIERC 132 [2023] PIERC 131 [2023] PIERC 130 [2023] PIERC 129 [2023] PIERC 128 [2023] PIERC 127 [2022] PIERC 126 [2022] PIERC 125 [2022] PIERC 124 [2022] PIERC 123 [2022] PIERC 122 [2022] PIERC 121 [2022] PIERC 120 [2022] PIERC 119 [2022] PIERC 118 [2022] PIERC 117 [2021] PIERC 116 [2021] PIERC 115 [2021] PIERC 114 [2021] PIERC 113 [2021] PIERC 112 [2021] PIERC 111 [2021] PIERC 110 [2021] PIERC 109 [2021] PIERC 108 [2021] PIERC 107 [2021] PIERC 106 [2020] PIERC 105 [2020] PIERC 104 [2020] PIERC 103 [2020] PIERC 102 [2020] PIERC 101 [2020] PIERC 100 [2020] PIERC 99 [2020] PIERC 98 [2020] PIERC 97 [2019] PIERC 96 [2019] PIERC 95 [2019] PIERC 94 [2019] PIERC 93 [2019] PIERC 92 [2019] PIERC 91 [2019] PIERC 90 [2019] PIERC 89 [2019] PIERC 88 [2018] PIERC 87 [2018] PIERC 86 [2018] PIERC 85 [2018] PIERC 84 [2018] PIERC 83 [2018] PIERC 82 [2018] PIERC 81 [2018] PIERC 80 [2018] PIERC 79 [2017] PIERC 78 [2017] PIERC 77 [2017] PIERC 76 [2017] PIERC 75 [2017] PIERC 74 [2017] PIERC 73 [2017] PIERC 72 [2017] PIERC 71 [2017] PIERC 70 [2016] PIERC 69 [2016] PIERC 68 [2016] PIERC 67 [2016] PIERC 66 [2016] PIERC 65 [2016] PIERC 64 [2016] PIERC 63 [2016] PIERC 62 [2016] PIERC 61 [2016] PIERC 60 [2015] PIERC 59 [2015] PIERC 58 [2015] PIERC 57 [2015] PIERC 56 [2015] PIERC 55 [2014] PIERC 54 [2014] PIERC 53 [2014] PIERC 52 [2014] PIERC 51 [2014] PIERC 50 [2014] PIERC 49 [2014] PIERC 48 [2014] PIERC 47 [2014] PIERC 46 [2014] PIERC 45 [2013] PIERC 44 [2013] PIERC 43 [2013] PIERC 42 [2013] PIERC 41 [2013] PIERC 40 [2013] PIERC 39 [2013] PIERC 38 [2013] PIERC 37 [2013] PIERC 36 [2013] PIERC 35 [2013] PIERC 34 [2013] PIERC 33 [2012] PIERC 32 [2012] PIERC 31 [2012] PIERC 30 [2012] PIERC 29 [2012] PIERC 28 [2012] PIERC 27 [2012] PIERC 26 [2012] PIERC 25 [2012] PIERC 24 [2011] PIERC 23 [2011] PIERC 22 [2011] PIERC 21 [2011] PIERC 20 [2011] PIERC 19 [2011] PIERC 18 [2011] PIERC 17 [2010] PIERC 16 [2010] PIERC 15 [2010] PIERC 14 [2010] PIERC 13 [2010] PIERC 12 [2010] PIERC 11 [2009] PIERC 10 [2009] PIERC 9 [2009] PIERC 8 [2009] PIERC 7 [2009] PIERC 6 [2009] PIERC 5 [2008] PIERC 4 [2008] PIERC 3 [2008] PIERC 2 [2008] PIERC 1 [2008]
2020-10-06
Highly Directive Planar End-Fire Antenna Array
By
Progress In Electromagnetics Research C, Vol. 106, 45-59, 2020
Abstract
This paper describes the design and development of a highly directive planar end-fire array using arc dipoles as the array elements. The inter element spacing, shape and size of the array elements are optimized for maximum directivity and gain. The array is printed on a substrate whose dimensions are also optimized for better performance. The overall length of the proposed six element array is 1.9λ, giving directivity and gain values as 12.0 dBi and 10.2 dBi respectively at 5.8 GHz.
Citation
Sruthi Dinesh, Chaluvayalil Vinisha, Deepti Das Krishna, Jean Marc Laheurte, and Aanandan Chandroth, "Highly Directive Planar End-Fire Antenna Array," Progress In Electromagnetics Research C, Vol. 106, 45-59, 2020.
doi:10.2528/PIERC20080802
References

1. Balanis, C. A., Antenna Theory: Analysis and Design, 2nd Ed., John Wiley and Sons Inc., 1997.

2. Hansen, R. C. and R. E. Collin, Chapter 6: Superdirective Antennas, Small Antenna Handbook, John Wiley and Sons Inc., 2011.
doi:10.1002/9781118106860

3. Siachalou, E., E. Vafiadis, S. S. Goudos, T. Samaras, C. S. Koukourlis, and S. Panas, "On the design of switched-beam wideband base stations," IEEE Antennas and Propagation Magazine, Vol. 46, No. 1, 158-167, Feb. 2004.
doi:10.1109/MAP.2004.1296180

4. Harrington, R. F., "Effect of antenna size on gain, bandwidth and efficiency," Journal of Research of the National Bureau of Standards — D. Radio Propagation, Vol. 64D, No. 1, 1-1, Jan.–Feb. 1960.
doi:10.6028/jres.064D.003

5. Uzkov, A. I., "An approach to the problem of optimum directive antenna design," C.R. Dold, Acad. Sci. USSR, Vol. 53, No. 1, 35-38, 1946.

6. Schelkunoff, S. A., "A mathematical theory of linear arrays," The Bell System Technical Journal, Vol. 22, No. 1, 80-107, Jan. 1943.
doi:10.1002/j.1538-7305.1943.tb01306.x

7. Dolph, C. L., "A current distribution for broadside arrays which optimises the relationship between beamwidth and side-lobe level," Proceedings of the IRE, Vol. 34, No. 6, 335-348, Jun. 1946.
doi:10.1109/JRPROC.1946.225956

8. Altshuler, E. E., T. H. O'Donnell, A. D. Yaghjian, and S. R. Best, "A monopole superdirective array," IEEE Transactions on Antennas and Propagation, Vol. 53, No. 8, 2653-2661, Aug. 2005.
doi:10.1109/TAP.2005.851810

9. Pirhadi, A. and M. Hakkak, "An analytical investigation of the radiation characteristics of infinitesimal dipole antenna embedded in partially reflective surfaces to obtain high directivity," Progress In Electromagnetics Research, Vol. 65, 137-155, 2006.
doi:10.2528/PIER06081501

10. Pajewski, L., L. Rinaldi, and G. Schettini, "Enhancement of directivity using 2D electromagnetic crystals near the band-gap edge: A full-wave approach," Progress In Electromagnetics Research, Vol. 80, 179-196, 2008.
doi:10.2528/PIER07111504

11. Abbaspour-Tamijani, A., L. Zhang, and H. K. Pan, "Enhancing the directivity of phased array antennas using lens-arrays," Progress In Electromagnetics Research M, Vol. 29, 41-64, 2013.
doi:10.2528/PIERM12062702

12. Radkovskaya, A., S. Kiriushechkina, A. Vakulenko, P. Petrov, L. Solymar, L. Li, A. Vallecchi, C. J. Stevens, and E. Shamonina, "Superdirectivity from arrays of strongly coupled meta-atoms," Journal of Applied Physics, Vol. 124, No. 10, 104901, 2018.
doi:10.1063/1.5033937

13. Haskou, A., A. Sharaiha, and S. Collardey, "Design of small parasitic loaded superdirective end-fire antenna arrays," IEEE Transactions on Antennas and Propagation, Vol. 63, No. 12, 5456-5464, Dec. 2015.
doi:10.1109/TAP.2015.2496112

14. Hammoud, M., A. Haskou, A. Sharaiha, and S. Collardey, "Small end-fire superdirective folded meandered monopole antenna array," Microwave and Optical Technology Letters, Vol. 58, No. 9, 2122-2124, 2016.
doi:10.1002/mop.29995

15. Clemente, A., C. Jouanlanne, and C. Delaveaud, "Analysis and design of a four-element superdirective compact dipole antenna array," 2017 11th European Conference on Antennas and Propagation (EUCAP), 2700-2704, Paris, 2017.
doi:10.23919/EuCAP.2017.7928259

16. Clemente, A., M. Pigeon, L. Rudant, and C. Delaveaud, "Design of a super directive four-element compact antenna array using spherical wave expansion," IEEE Transactions on Antennas and Propagation, Vol. 63, No. 11, 4715-4722, Nov. 2015.
doi:10.1109/TAP.2015.2475617

17. Dinesh, S., D. D. Krishna, J. M. Laheurte, and C. K. Aanandan, "A super-directive two-element parasitic dipole antenna," 2019 IEEE Asia-Pacific Microwave Conference (APMC), 554-556, Singapore, 2019.

18. Yao, G.-W., Z.-H. Xue, W.-M. Li, W. Ren, and J. Cao, "Research on a new kind of high directivity end-fire antenna array," Progress In Electromagnetics Research B, Vol. 33, 135-151, 2011.
doi:10.2528/PIERB11032809

19. Liu, J. and Q. Xue, "Microstrip magnetic dipole Yagi array antenna with endfire radiation and vertical polarization," IEEE Transactions on Antennas and Propagation, Vol. 61, No. 3, 1140-1147, Mar. 2013.
doi:10.1109/TAP.2012.2230239

20. Cai, X., W. Geyi, and H. Sun, "A printed dipole array with high gain and endfire radiation," IEEE Antennas and Wireless Propagation Letters, Vol. 16, 1512-1515, 2017.
doi:10.1109/LAWP.2016.2647319

21. Aguila, P., S. Zuffanelli, G. Zamora, F. Paredes, F. Martin, and J. Bonache, "Planar Yagi-Uda antenna array based on split-ring resonators (SRRs)," IEEE Antennas and Wireless Propagation Letters, Vol. 16, 1233-1236, 2017.
doi:10.1109/LAWP.2016.2629079

22. Guo, H. and W. Geyi, "Design of Yagi-Uda antenna with multiple driven elements," Progress In Electromagnetics Research C, Vol. 92, 101-112, 2019.
doi:10.2528/PIERC19013002

23. Choo, H., R. Rogers, and H. Ling, "On the wheeler cap measurement of the efficiency of microstrip antennas," IEEE Transactions on Antennas and Propagation, Vol. 53, No. 7, 2328-2332, Jul. 2005.
doi:10.1109/TAP.2005.850758