volume | PIER Journals

2013-12-01

A Quantitative Evaluation Method of Ground Control Points for Remote Sensing Image Registration

Wenting Ma,

Dr. Wenting Ma

Department of Electronic Engineering

Tsinghua University

China

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Jian Yang,

Dr. Jian Yang

Department of Electronic Engineering

Tsinghua University

China

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Xia Ning,

Dr. Xia Ning

Department of Electronic Engineering

Tsinghua University

China

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Wei Gao

Dr. Wei Gao

Department of Electronic Engineering

Tsinghua University

China

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Progress In Electromagnetics Research M, Vol. 34, 55-62, 2014

doi:10.2528/PIERM13092902

Abstract

Ground control point (GCP) extraction is an essential step in automatic registration of remote sensing images. However the lack of quantitative and objective methods for analyzing GCP quality becomes the bottleneck that prevents the broad development of automatic image registration. Although several measurements for evaluating the number, accuracy and distribution of GCPs have been proposed in recent years, some of them are redundant and the evaluation of dispersion is not effective enough. In this paper, a method for an objective and quantitative evaluation of GCP quality is proposed. The proposed method consists of three parts: measurement calculation, cost function calculation and final validation. In the first part, two new measurements are proposed to evaluate the number, dispersion and isotropy of GCPs, and the root mean square of GCP residuals using leave-one-out method (RMSloo) is used to evaluate the accuracy. In the second part, seed cost functions are utilized to transform the measurements into a limited value range as well as to be desired on the ascending direction. Subsequently, all the seed cost functions are combined by a total cost function to provide an integrated evaluation. In the third part, the GCP scenario is validated by the accepted threshold depending on the value of the total cost function. To evaluate the performance of the proposed method, experiments using four typical emulated scenarios of GCP distribution and two sets of real GCPs in SAR images are considered. The results demonstrate that the proposed GCP evaluation method performs more effectively than the existing methods, especially in the evaluation of dispersion quality.

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Wenting Ma, Jian Yang, Xia Ning, and Wei Gao, "A Quantitative Evaluation Method of Ground Control Points for Remote Sensing Image Registration," Progress In Electromagnetics Research M, Vol. 34, 55-62, 2014.
doi:10.2528/PIERM13092902

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