Vol. 80
Latest Volume
All Volumes
PIER 180 [2024] PIER 179 [2024] PIER 178 [2023] PIER 177 [2023] PIER 176 [2023] PIER 175 [2022] PIER 174 [2022] PIER 173 [2022] PIER 172 [2021] PIER 171 [2021] PIER 170 [2021] PIER 169 [2020] PIER 168 [2020] PIER 167 [2020] PIER 166 [2019] PIER 165 [2019] PIER 164 [2019] PIER 163 [2018] PIER 162 [2018] PIER 161 [2018] PIER 160 [2017] PIER 159 [2017] PIER 158 [2017] PIER 157 [2016] PIER 156 [2016] PIER 155 [2016] PIER 154 [2015] PIER 153 [2015] PIER 152 [2015] PIER 151 [2015] PIER 150 [2015] PIER 149 [2014] PIER 148 [2014] PIER 147 [2014] PIER 146 [2014] PIER 145 [2014] PIER 144 [2014] PIER 143 [2013] PIER 142 [2013] PIER 141 [2013] PIER 140 [2013] PIER 139 [2013] PIER 138 [2013] PIER 137 [2013] PIER 136 [2013] PIER 135 [2013] PIER 134 [2013] PIER 133 [2013] PIER 132 [2012] PIER 131 [2012] PIER 130 [2012] PIER 129 [2012] PIER 128 [2012] PIER 127 [2012] PIER 126 [2012] PIER 125 [2012] PIER 124 [2012] PIER 123 [2012] PIER 122 [2012] PIER 121 [2011] PIER 120 [2011] PIER 119 [2011] PIER 118 [2011] PIER 117 [2011] PIER 116 [2011] PIER 115 [2011] PIER 114 [2011] PIER 113 [2011] PIER 112 [2011] PIER 111 [2011] PIER 110 [2010] PIER 109 [2010] PIER 108 [2010] PIER 107 [2010] PIER 106 [2010] PIER 105 [2010] PIER 104 [2010] PIER 103 [2010] PIER 102 [2010] PIER 101 [2010] PIER 100 [2010] PIER 99 [2009] PIER 98 [2009] PIER 97 [2009] PIER 96 [2009] PIER 95 [2009] PIER 94 [2009] PIER 93 [2009] PIER 92 [2009] PIER 91 [2009] PIER 90 [2009] PIER 89 [2009] PIER 88 [2008] PIER 87 [2008] PIER 86 [2008] PIER 85 [2008] PIER 84 [2008] PIER 83 [2008] PIER 82 [2008] PIER 81 [2008] PIER 80 [2008] PIER 79 [2008] PIER 78 [2008] PIER 77 [2007] PIER 76 [2007] PIER 75 [2007] PIER 74 [2007] PIER 73 [2007] PIER 72 [2007] PIER 71 [2007] PIER 70 [2007] PIER 69 [2007] PIER 68 [2007] PIER 67 [2007] PIER 66 [2006] PIER 65 [2006] PIER 64 [2006] PIER 63 [2006] PIER 62 [2006] PIER 61 [2006] PIER 60 [2006] PIER 59 [2006] PIER 58 [2006] PIER 57 [2006] PIER 56 [2006] PIER 55 [2005] PIER 54 [2005] PIER 53 [2005] PIER 52 [2005] PIER 51 [2005] PIER 50 [2005] PIER 49 [2004] PIER 48 [2004] PIER 47 [2004] PIER 46 [2004] PIER 45 [2004] PIER 44 [2004] PIER 43 [2003] PIER 42 [2003] PIER 41 [2003] PIER 40 [2003] PIER 39 [2003] PIER 38 [2002] PIER 37 [2002] PIER 36 [2002] PIER 35 [2002] PIER 34 [2001] PIER 33 [2001] PIER 32 [2001] PIER 31 [2001] PIER 30 [2001] PIER 29 [2000] PIER 28 [2000] PIER 27 [2000] PIER 26 [2000] PIER 25 [2000] PIER 24 [1999] PIER 23 [1999] PIER 22 [1999] PIER 21 [1999] PIER 20 [1998] PIER 19 [1998] PIER 18 [1998] PIER 17 [1997] PIER 16 [1997] PIER 15 [1997] PIER 14 [1996] PIER 13 [1996] PIER 12 [1996] PIER 11 [1995] PIER 10 [1995] PIER 09 [1994] PIER 08 [1994] PIER 07 [1993] PIER 06 [1992] PIER 05 [1991] PIER 04 [1991] PIER 03 [1990] PIER 02 [1990] PIER 01 [1989]
2007-11-28
Enhancement of Directivity Using 2D-Electromagnetic Crystals Near the Band-Gap Edge: a Full-Wave Approach
By
, Vol. 80, 179-196, 2008
Abstract
A deep analysis of the directivity enhancement, due to the insertion of a simple linear antenna into a dielectric EBG, is presented. The operative frequency is chosen near a band-gap edge. The planewave expansion method is used in order to obtain the Bloch dispersion diagrams of infinite two-dimensional EBGs. A rigorous cylindricalwave approach is used to analyze two-dimensional EBGs with finite size, excited by a line source. We apply these tools to the analysis of different emitting devices, and propose solutions to improve their performances.
Citation
Lara Pajewski, Lorenzo Rinaldi, and Giuseppe Schettini, "Enhancement of Directivity Using 2D-Electromagnetic Crystals Near the Band-Gap Edge: a Full-Wave Approach," , Vol. 80, 179-196, 2008.
doi:10.2528/PIER07111504
References

1. Joannopoulos, J. D., R. D. Meade, and J. N. Winn, Photonic Crystals: Molding the Flow of Light, Princeton University Press, 1995.

2. De Maagt, P., R. Gonzalo, Y. C. Vardaxoglou, and J.- M. Baracco, "Electromagnetic bandgap antennas and components for microwave and (sub)millimeter wave applications," IEEE Trans. Antennas Propag., Vol. 51, No. 10, 2667-2677, 2003.
doi:10.1109/TAP.2003.817566

3. Fernandes, H. C. C., J. L. G. Medeiros, M. A. Isnaldo, Jr., and D. B. Brito, "Photonic crystal at millimeter waves applications," PIERS Online, Vol. 3, 689-694, 2007.
doi:10.2529/PIERS060901105337

4. Qi, L., Z. Yang, Z. Liang, W. Liu, Y. Liu, and X. Gao, "Design of photonic crystal resonant cavity using overmoded dielectric photonic band gap structures," PIERS Online, Vol. 3, 379-381, 2007.
doi:10.2529/PIERS061007043414

5. Luan, P.-G. and K.-D. Chang, "Photonic-crystal lens coupler using negative refraction," PIERS Online, Vol. 3, 91-95, 2007.
doi:10.2529/PIERS060905234755

6. Fernandes, H. C. C. and G. D. F. Alves, "Multilayer planar resonators with superconductive patch on PBG substrate," PIERS Online, Vol. 3, 560-563, 2007.
doi:10.2529/PIERS060908155123

7. Hwang, C. G. and N. H. Myung, "Novel phase noise reduction and harmonic improvement methods of an oscillator utilizing a CCPW EBG structure," PIERS Proceedings, Vol. '' S Proceedings, 2-5, 2006.

8. Fernandes, H. C. C.D. B. Brito, and J. L. G. Medeiros, "EBG substrate in unilateral fin line resonator," PIERS Proceedings, Vol. '' S Proceedings, 27-30, 2007.

9. Tomljenovic-Hanic, S., C. M. de Sterke, M. J. Steel, and D. J. Moss, "Design of high-Q cavities in photosensitive materialbased photonic crystal slab heterostructures," PIERS Online, Vol. 3, 233-235, 2007.
doi:10.2529/PIERS060907042030

10. Boutayeb, H. and T. A. Denidni, "Analysis and design of a high-gain antenna based on metallic crystals," Journal of Electromagnetic Waves and Applications, Vol. 20, 599-614, 2006.
doi:10.1163/156939306776137755

11. Sigalas, M. M., R. Biswas, Q. Li, D. Crouch, W. Leung, R. Jacobs- Woodbury, B. Lough, S. Nielsen, S. McCalmont, G. Tuttle, and K. M. Ho, "Dipole antennas on photonic band-gap crystals — Experiment and simulation," Microwave and Opt. Technol. Lett., Vol. 15, 153-158, 1997.
doi:10.1002/(SICI)1098-2760(19970620)15:3<153::AID-MOP10>3.0.CO;2-8

12. Yang, F., V. Demir, D. A. Elsherbeni, A. Z. Elsherbeni, and A. A. Eldek, "Enhancement of printed dipole antennas characteristics us ing semi-EBG ground plane," Journal of Electromagnetic Waves and Applications, Vol. 20, No. 8, 993-1006, 2006.
doi:10.1163/156939306776930330

13. Yang, F. and Y. Rahmat-Samii, "Reflection phase characterizations of the EBG ground plane for low profile wire antenna applications," IEEE Trans. Antennas Propag., Vol. 51, No. 10, 2691-2703, 2003.
doi:10.1109/TAP.2003.817559

14. Leung, W. Y., R. Biswas, S. D. Cheng, M. M. Sigalas, J. S. McCalmont, G. Tuttle, and K. M. Ho, "Slot antennas on photonic band gap crystals," IEEE Trans. Antennas Propag., Vol. 45, No. 8, 1569-1570, 1997.
doi:10.1109/8.633871

15. Weily, A. R., L. Horvath, K. P. Esselle, B. C. Sanders, and T. S. Bird, "A planar resonator antenna based on a woodpile EBG material," IEEE Trans. Antennas and Propagat., Vol. 53, No. 1, 216-223, 2005.
doi:10.1109/TAP.2004.840531

16. Gonzalo, R., P. de Maagt, and M. Sorolla, "Enhanced patchantenna performance by suppressing surface waves using photonicbandgap substrates," IEEE Trans. on Microwave Theory Tech., Vol. 47, No. 11, 2131-2138, 1999.
doi:10.1109/22.798009

17. Coccioli, R., F. Yang, K. Ma, and T. Itoh, "Aperturecoupled patch antenna on UC-PBG substrate," IEEE Trans. on Microwave Theory Tech., Vol. 47, No. 11, 2123-2130, 1999.
doi:10.1109/22.798008

18. Colburn, J. S. and Y. Rahmat-Samii, "Patch antennas on externally perforated high dielectric constant substrates," IEEE Trans. Antennas Propagat., Vol. 47, No. 12, 1785-1794, 1999.
doi:10.1109/8.817654

19. Brown, E. R., C. D. Parker, and E. Yablonovith, "Radiation properties of a planar antenna on a photonic-crystal substrate," J. Opt. Soc. Am. B, Vol. 10, No. 2, 404-407, 1993.

20. Yang, F. and Y. Rahmat-Samii, "A low profile circularly polarized curl antenna over an electromagnetic bandgap (EBG) surface," Microw. Opt. Tech. Lett., Vol. 31, No. 4, 264-267, 2001.
doi:10.1002/mop.10006

21. Thevenot, M., A. Reineix, and B. Jecko, "A dielectric photonic parabolic reflector," Microw. Opt. Tech. Lett., Vol. 21, No. 6, 411-414, 1999.
doi:10.1002/(SICI)1098-2760(19990620)21:6<411::AID-MOP5>3.0.CO;2-L

22. Li, L., C. H. Liang, and C. H. Chan, "Waveguide end-slot phased array antenna integrated with electromagnetic bandgap structures," Journal of Electromagnetic Waves and Applications, Vol. 21, No. 2, 161-174, 2007.
doi:10.1163/156939307779378826

23. Ganatsos, T., K. Siakavara, and J. N. Sahalos, "Neural networkbased design of EBG surfaces for effective polarization diversity of wireless communications antenna systems," PIERS Online, Vol. 3, No. 8, 1165-1169, 2007.
doi:10.2529/PIERS070215124728

24. Hosseini, M.A. Pirhadi, and M. Hakkak, "Design of a nonuniform high impedance surface for a low profile antenna," PIERS Proceedings, Vol. '' S Proceedings, 26-29, 2006.

25. Fu, Y. Q., Q. R. Zheng, Q. Gao, and G. H. Zhang, "Mutual coupling reduction between large antenna arrays using electromagnetic bandgap (EBG) structures," Journal of Electromagnetic Waves and Applications, Vol. 20, No. 6, 819-825, 2006.
doi:10.1163/156939306776143415

26. Gonzalo, R., P. de Maagt, and M. Sorolla, "Enhanced patchantenna performance by suppressing surface waves using photonicbandgap substrates," IEEE Trans. on Microwave Theory Tech., Vol. 47, No. 11, 2131-2138, 1999.
doi:10.1109/22.798009

27. Yang, H. Y. D., N. G. Alexopoulos, and E. Yablonovitch, "Photonic band-gap materials for high-gain printed circuit antennas," IEEE Trans. on Antennas and Propagat., Vol. 45, No. 1, 185-187, 1997.
doi:10.1109/8.554261

28. Thevenot, M., C. Cheype, A. Reineix, and B. Jecko, "Directive photonic-bandgap antennas," IEEE Trans. Microwave Theory Tech., Vol. 47, No. 11, 2115-2122, 1999.
doi:10.1109/22.798007

29. Cheype, C., C. Serier, M. Thevenot, T. Monediere, A. Reineix, and B. Jecko, "An electromagnetic bandgap resonator antenna," IEEE Trans. Antennas Propagat., Vol. 50, No. 9, 1285-1290, 2002.
doi:10.1109/TAP.2002.800699

30. Frezza, F., L. Pajewski, P. Nocito, and G. Schettini, "FDTD analysis of EBG superstrates," 2007 IEEE Workshop on Computational Electromagnetics in Time-Domain (CEM-TD), 15-17, 2007.

31. Qiu, M. and S. He, "High-directivity patch antenna with both photonic bandgap substrate and photonic cover," Microw. Opt. Tech. Lett., Vol. 30, No. 1, 41-44, 2001.
doi:10.1002/mop.1214

32. Enoch, S., G. Tayeb, and D. Maystre, "Dispersion diagrams of Bloch modes applied to the design of directive sources," Progress In Electromagnetic Research, Vol. 37, 61-81, 2002.

33. Enoch, S., G. Tayeb, P. Sabouroux, N. Guerin, and P. Vincent, "A meta-material for directive emission," Phys. Rev. Lett., Vol. 89, No. 21, 213902, 2002.
doi:10.1103/PhysRevLett.89.213902

34. Liu, Y., Z. Yang, Z. Liang, and L. Qi, "A memory-efficient strategy for the FDTD implementation applied to the photonic crystals problems," PIERS Online, Vol. 3, 374-378, 2007.
doi:10.2529/PIERS061002103800

35. Lin, M.-C. and R.-F. Jao, "Finite element analysis of photon density of states for two-dimensional photonic crystals with in plane light propagation," PIERS Online, Vol. 3, 315-319, 2007.
doi:10.2529/PIERS061007113530

36. Pendry, J. B. and A. MacKinnon, "Calculation of photon dispersion relations," Phys. Rev. Lett., Vol. 69, 2772-2775, 1992.
doi:10.1103/PhysRevLett.69.2772

37. Frezza, F., L. Pajewski, and G. Schettini, "Characterization and design of two-dimensional electromagnetic band-gap structures by use of a full-wave method for diffraction gratings," IEEE Transactions on Microwave Theory and Techniques, Vol. 51, No. 3, 941-951, 2003.
doi:10.1109/TMTT.2003.808696

38. Abramowitz, M. and I. Stegun, Handbook of Mathematical Functions, Dover, 1972.

39. Sneddon, I. N., Mixed Boundary Value Problems in Potential Theory, North-Holland, 1966.

40. Balanis, C. A., Advanced Engineering Electromagnetics, John Wiley and Sons, 1989.

41. Di Vico, M., F. Frezza, L. Pajewski, and G. Schettini, "Scattering by a finite set of perfectly conducting cylinders buried in a dielectric half-space: a spectral-domain solution," IEEE Trans. on Antennas and Propagat., Vol. 53, No. 2, 719-727, 2005.
doi:10.1109/TAP.2004.841315

42. Engheta, N. and R. W. Ziolkowski, Metamaterials: Physics and Engineering Explorations, Wiley-IEEE Press, 2006.