2016-09-20
Analysis of the Magnetic Field Homogeneity for an Equilateral Triangular Helmholtz Coil
By
Progress In Electromagnetics Research M, Vol. 50, 75-83, 2016
Abstract
This paper presents a mathematical analysis of the magnetic field homogeneity for an Equilateral Triangular Helmholtz (ETH) coil. The magnetic field analysis is based on the Biot-Savart law in which a Taylor series approximation is performed to obtain the analytical distance that complies with the Helmholtz condition between the pair of coils. This is done to compare the magnetic field distributions of the ETH and the Circular Helmholtz (CH) coils for the parameters side length (2a, 3a) and radius (a) respectively. Furthermore, an approximate expression of the magnetic field homogeneity with regard to the side length parameter is obtained and finally a computational model of the ETH coil using COMSOL® is performed in order to validate the calculated and experimental results. The results show that the ETH coils have a lower magnetic field homogeneity than the CH coils for the described parameters, and the implementation of either one basically depends on the application specifications.
Citation
Andres Fernando Restrepo Alvarez, Edinson Franco Mejia, Hector Cadavid Ramirez, and Carlos Rafael Pinedo Jaramillo, "Analysis of the Magnetic Field Homogeneity for an Equilateral Triangular Helmholtz Coil," Progress In Electromagnetics Research M, Vol. 50, 75-83, 2016.
doi:10.2528/PIERM16062309
References

1. De Seze, R., A. Lahitte, J. M. Moreau, and B. Veyret, "Generation of extremely-low frequency magnetic fields with standard available commercial equipment: Implications for experimental bioelectromagnetics work," Bioelectrochem. Bioenerg., Vol. 35, No. 1-2, 127-131, 1994.
doi:10.1016/0302-4598(94)87023-3        Google Scholar

2. Farina, M., M. A. Mariggio, T. Pietrangelo, J. J. Stupak, A. Morini, and G. Fano, "ELF-EMFs induced effects on cell lines: Controlling ELF generation in laboratory," Progress In Electromagnetics Research B, Vol. 24, 131-153, 2010.
doi:10.2528/PIERB10061709        Google Scholar

3. Satav, S. M. and V. Agarwal, "Design and development of a low-cost digital magnetic field meter with wide dynamic range for EMC precompliance measurements and other applications," IEEE Trans. Instrum. Meas., Vol. 58, No. 8, 2837-2846, 2009.
doi:10.1109/TIM.2009.2016367        Google Scholar

4. Forte, G. O., G. Farrher, L. R. Canali, and E. Anoardo, "Automatic shielding-shimming magnetic field compensator for excluded volume applications," IEEE Trans. Control Syst. Technol., Vol. 18, No. 4, 976-983, 2010.
doi:10.1109/TCST.2009.2030174        Google Scholar

5. Schuderer, J., W. Oesch, N. Felber, D. Spät, and N. Kuster, "In vitro exposure apparatus for ELF magnetic fields," Bioelectromagnetics, Vol. 25, No. 8, 582-591, 2004.
doi:10.1002/bem.20037        Google Scholar

6. Alamgir, A. K., J. Fang, C. Gu, and Z. Han, "Square Helmholtz coil with homogeneous field for magnetic measurement of longer HTS tapes," Physica C: Superconductivity, Vol. 424, No. 1-2, 17-24, 2005.
doi:10.1016/j.physc.2005.04.019        Google Scholar

7. Martino, C. F., L. Portelli, K. McCabe, M. Hernandez, and F. Barnes, "Reduction of the Earths magnetic field inhibits growth rates of model cancer cell lines," Bioelectromagnetics, Vol. 31, No. 8, 649-655, 2010.
doi:10.1002/bem.20606        Google Scholar

8. Kirschvink, J. L., "Uniform magnetic fields and double-wrapped coil systems: Improved techniques for the design of bioelectromagnetic experiments," Bioelectromagnetics, Vol. 13, No. 5, 401-411, 1992.
doi:10.1002/bem.2250130507        Google Scholar

9. Nouri, N. and B. Plaster, "Comparison of magnetic field uniformities for discretized and finite-sized standard cos, solenoidal, and spherical coils," Nucl. Instr. Meth. Phys. Res. A, Vol. 723, 30-35, 2013.
doi:10.1016/j.nima.2013.05.013        Google Scholar

10. Pittman, M. E. and D. L. Waidelich, "Three and four coil systems for homogeneous magnetic fields," IEEE Trans. Aerosp., Vol. 2, No. 1, 36-45, 1964.
doi:10.1109/TA.1964.4319555        Google Scholar

11. Herceg, D., A. Juhas, and M. Milutinov, "A design of a four square coil system for a biomagnetic experiment," Facta Universitatis Series: Electronics and Energetics, Vol. 22, No. 3, 285-292, 2009.
doi:10.2298/FUEE0903285H        Google Scholar

12. Azpúrua, M. A., "A semi-analytical method for the design of coil-systems for homogeneous magnetostatic field generation," Progress In Electromagnetics Research B, Vol. 37, 171-189, 2012.
doi:10.2528/PIERB11102606        Google Scholar

13. Restrepo, A. F., E. Franco, and C. R. Pinedo, "A design and implementation methodology of a system to generate uniform magnetic field volume with tri-axial square Helmholtz coils," Inf. Tecnol., Vol. 25, No. 2, 3-14, 2014.
doi:10.4067/S0718-07642014000200002        Google Scholar

14. Haghnegahdar, A., H. Khosrovpanah, A. Andisheh-Tadbir, G. Mortazavi, M. Saeedi, S. M. Mortazavi, A. Zamani, M. Haghani, M. Shojaei, and H. Parsaei, "Design and fabrication of Helmholtz coils to study the effects of pulsed electromagnetic fields on the healing process in periodontitis: Preliminary animal results," J. Biomed. Phys. Eng., Vol. 4, No. 3, 83-90, 2014.        Google Scholar

15. Enoki, S., T. Asahi, S. Watanabe, T. Mizuno, and K. Takeshita, "Electromagnetic measurement of the rail displacement by two triangular coils," IEEE Trans. Magn., Vol. 38, No. 5, 3303-3305, 2002.
doi:10.1109/TMAG.2002.802297        Google Scholar

16. Choi, H., S. Jeong, C. Lee, B. Park, S. Ko, J.-O. Park, and S. Park, "Three-dimensional swimming tadpole mini-robot using three-axis Helmholtz coils," Int. J. Control Autom., Vol. 12, No. 3, 662-669, 2014.
doi:10.1007/s12555-013-0378-0        Google Scholar

17. Hossain, A. B., M. H. Cho, and S. Y. Lee, "Magnetic nanoparticle density mapping from the magnetically induced displacement data: A simulation study," Biomed. Eng. Online, Vol. 11, No. 1, 13, 2012.
doi:10.1186/1475-925X-11-11        Google Scholar

18. Cao, Q., X. Han, B. Zhang, and L. Li, "Analysis and optimal design of magnetic navigation system using Helmholtz and Maxwell coils," IEEE Trans. Appl. Supercond., Vol. 22, No. 3, 4401504, 2012.
doi:10.1109/TASC.2011.2174583        Google Scholar

19. Go, G., H. Choi, S. Jeong, C. Lee, S. Y. Ko, J.-O. Park, and S. Park, "Electromagnetic navigation system using simple coil structure (4 coils) for 3-D locomotive microrobot," IEEE Trans. Magn., Vol. 51, No. 4, 1-7, 2015.        Google Scholar

20. Ha, Y. H., B. H. Han, and S. Y. Lee, "Magnetic propulsion of a magnetic device using three square-Helmholtz coils and a square-Maxwell coil," Med. Biol. Eng. Comput., Vol. 48, No. 2, 139-145, 2010.
doi:10.1007/s11517-009-0574-5        Google Scholar

21. Bell, G. B. and A. A. Marino, "Exposure system for production of uniform magnetic fields," Journal of Bioelectricity, Vol. 8, No. 2, 147-158, 1989.
doi:10.3109/15368378909020953        Google Scholar

22. Al-Sowayan, S., "Generation of homogenous magnetic field using equilateral triangular coils," Int. J. Appl. Eng. Res., Vol. 9, No. 1, 137-143, 2014.        Google Scholar

23. Kdzia, P., T. Czechowski, M. Baranowski, J. Jurga, and E. Szczesniak, "Analysis of uniformity of magnetic field generated by the two-pair coil system," Appl. Magn. Reson., Vol. 44, No. 5, 605-618, 2013.
doi:10.1007/s00723-012-0427-5        Google Scholar

24. Beiranvand, R., "Analyzing the uniformity of the generated magnetic field by a practical one-dimensional Helmholtz coils system," Rev. Sci. Instrum., Vol. 84, No. 7, 075109, 2013.
doi:10.1063/1.4813275        Google Scholar

25. Restrepo, A. F., L. J. Martinez, C. R. Pinedo, E. Franco, and H. Cadavid, "Design study for a cellular culture bioreactor coupled with a magnetic stimulation system," IEEE Lat. Am. T., Vol. 11, No. 1, 130-136, 2013.
doi:10.1109/TLA.2013.6502791        Google Scholar

26. Wang, J., S. She, and S. Zhang, "An improved Helmholtz coil and analysis of its magnetic field homogeneity," Rev. Sci. Instrum., Vol. 73, No. 5, 2175-2179, 2002.
doi:10.1063/1.1471352        Google Scholar