Search search
Publication Date
to
Vol. 78
Latest Volume
All Volumes
PIERB 118 PIERB 117 PIERB 116 PIERB 115 PIERB 114 PIERB 113 PIERB 112 PIERB 111 PIERB 110 PIERB 109 PIERB 108 PIERB 107 PIERB 106 PIERB 105 PIERB 104 PIERB 103 PIERB 102 PIERB 101 PIERB 100 PIERB 99 PIERB 98 PIERB 97 PIERB 96 PIERB 95 PIERB 94 PIERB 93 PIERB 92 PIERB 91 PIERB 90 PIERB 89 PIERB 88 PIERB 87 PIERB 86 PIERB 85 PIERB 84 PIERB 83 PIERB 82 PIERB 81 PIERB 80 PIERB 79 PIERB 78 PIERB 77 PIERB 76 PIERB 75 PIERB 74 PIERB 73 PIERB 72 PIERB 71 PIERB 70 PIERB 69 PIERB 68 PIERB 67 PIERB 66 PIERB 65 PIERB 64 PIERB 63 PIERB 62 PIERB 61 PIERB 60 PIERB 59 PIERB 58 PIERB 57 PIERB 56 PIERB 55 PIERB 54 PIERB 53 PIERB 52 PIERB 51 PIERB 50 PIERB 49 PIERB 48 PIERB 47 PIERB 46 PIERB 45 PIERB 44 PIERB 43 PIERB 42 PIERB 41 PIERB 40 PIERB 39 PIERB 38 PIERB 37 PIERB 36 PIERB 35 PIERB 34 PIERB 33 PIERB 32 PIERB 31 PIERB 30 PIERB 29 PIERB 28 PIERB 27 PIERB 26 PIERB 25 PIERB 24 PIERB 23 PIERB 22 PIERB 21 PIERB 20 PIERB 19 PIERB 18 PIERB 17 PIERB 16 PIERB 15 PIERB 14 PIERB 13 PIERB 12 PIERB 11 PIERB 10 PIERB 9 PIERB 8 PIERB 7 PIERB 6 PIERB 5 PIERB 4 PIERB 3 PIERB 2 PIERB 1
All Journals
PIER PIER B PIER C PIER M PIER Letters PIER Photonics
2017-08-12
Measurement Methodologies for Reducing Errors in the Assessment of EMF by Exposimeter
By
Rodrigues Kwate Kwate,

    Mr. Rodrigues Kwate Kwate

    Physics

    Mohammed First University

    Morocco

    Homepage

Chakib Taybi,

    Dr. Chakib Taybi

    Mohammed Premier University

    Morocco

    Homepage

Bachir Elmagroud,

    Dr. Bachir Elmagroud

    Mohammed Premier University

    Morocco

    Homepage

Veronique Beauvois,

    Dr. Veronique Beauvois

    University of Liege

    Belgium

    Homepage

Christophe Geuzaine,

    Prof. Christophe Geuzaine

    University of Liège

    Belgium

    Homepage

Dominique Picard,

    Dr. Dominique Picard

    Centrale Supelec

    France

    Homepage

Abdelhak Ziyyat

    Dr. Abdelhak Ziyyat

    Faculty of Sciences

    Mohammed First University

    Morocco

    Homepage

Progress In Electromagnetics Research B, Vol. 78, 31-46, 2017
doi:10.2528/PIERB17062604 | Google Scholar

Abstract
Objective: As well known, using a single body worn sensor exposimeter introduces systematic errors on the measurement of the incident free space electric field strength. This is because the body creates around it high, intermediate and low level field zones, which depend on the direction of arrival of the incident field. The goal of this work is to propose an efficient method for the reduction of these errors. Methods: After classifying the perturbations induced by the body on the measured electric and magnetic fields thanks to realistic numerical simulations, we then propose a two-sensor setup in conjunction with simple semi-empirical correction formulas, in order to compensate these perturbations. Results: At 942 MHz, when the two sensors are placed in any opposite sides of the body at chest height, the worst case, maximum and average errors respectively decrease to 12% and 3% compared to 83% and 22% for measurement techniques using a single sensor, or 32% and 11% when using the average value of the measurements. Conclusion: The error related to the measurement in the presence of the body was significantly reduced by the proposed method making use of two opposite sensors, E-field and H-field at the chest. Significance: The conformity of exposure to EMF in terms of reference values according to the ICNIRP is given in the abscence of the human body. The interest of this work lies in the reduction of the errors made when measuring the field in the presence of the body.
Download Full Article (740) View Full Article volume
Citation
Rodrigues Kwate Kwate, Chakib Taybi, Bachir Elmagroud, Veronique Beauvois, Christophe Geuzaine, Dominique Picard, and Abdelhak Ziyyat, "Measurement Methodologies for Reducing Errors in the Assessment of EMF by Exposimeter," Progress In Electromagnetics Research B, Vol. 78, 31-46, 2017.
doi:10.2528/PIERB17062604
References

1. ICNIRP "Guidelines for limiting exposure to time-varying electric, magnetic and electromagnetic fields (up to 300 GHz)," Health Physics, Vol. 74, No. 4, 494-522, 1998.        Google Scholar

2. De Miguel-Bilbao, S., J. Garca, V. Ramos, and J. Blas, "Assessment of human body influence on exposure measurements of electric field in indoor enclosures," Bioelectromagnetics, Vol. 36, No. 2, 118-132, 2015.
doi:10.1002/BEM.21888        Google Scholar

3. De Miguel-Bilbao, S., V. Ramos, and J. Blas, "Assessment of polarization dependence of body shadow effect on dosimetry measurements in 2.4 GHz band," Bioelectromagnetics, Vol. 38, No. 4, 315-321, 2017.
doi:10.1002/bem.22030        Google Scholar

4. Krzysztof, G., Z. Patryk, and K. Jolanta, "The role of the location of personal exposimeters on the human body in their use for assessing exposure to the electromagnetic field in the radiofrequency range 982450 MHz and compliance analysis: Evaluation by virtual measurements," BioMed Research International, Vol. 2015, 2015.        Google Scholar

5. Iskra, S., R. McKenzie, and I. Cosic, "Monte carlo simulations of the electric field close to the body in realistic environments for application in personal radiofrequency dosimetry," Radiation Protection Dosimetry, Vol. 147, No. 4, 517, 2011.
doi:10.1093/rpd/ncq580        Google Scholar

6. Gallastegi, M., M. Guxens, A. Jim’enez-Zabala, I. Calvente, M. Fern’andez, L. Birks, B. Struchen, M. Vrijheid, M. Estarlich, M. F. Fern’andez, M. Torrent, F. Ballester, J. J. Aurrekoetxea, J. Ibarluzea, D. Guerra, J. Gonz’alez, M. Roosli, and L. Santa-Marina, "Characterisation of exposure to non-ionising electromagnetic fields in the spanish inma birth cohort: Study protocol," BMC Public Health, Vol. 16, No. 1, 167, 2016.
doi:10.1186/s12889-016-2825-3        Google Scholar

7. Cansiz, M., T. Abbasov, M. Bahattin Kurt, and A. Recai Celik, "Mapping of radio frequency electromagnetic field exposure levels in outdoor environment and comparing with reference levels for general public health," J. Expos. Sci. Environ. Epidemiol., Original Article, Nov. 2016.        Google Scholar

8. Neubauer, G., S. Cecil, W. Giczi, B. Petric, P. Preiner, J. Frhlich, and M. Rsli, "The association between exposure determined by radiofrequency personal exposimeters and human exposure: A simulation study," Bioelectromagnetics, Vol. 31, No. 7, 535-545, 2010.
doi:10.1002/bem.20587        Google Scholar

9. Roblin, C. and A. Sibille, "Measurement of a body-worn triaxial sensor for electromagnetic field and exposure assessment," 2014 8th European Conference on Antennas and Propagation (EuCAP), 2631-2635, Apr. 2014.
doi:10.1109/EuCAP.2014.6902362        Google Scholar

10. Blas, J., F. A. Lago, P. Fernndez, R. M. Lorenzo, and E. J. Abril, "Potential exposure assessment errors associated with body-worn RF dosimeters," Bioelectromagnetics, Vol. 28, No. 7, 573-576, 2007.
doi:10.1002/bem.20355        Google Scholar

11. Bahillo, A., J. Blas, P. Fernndez, R. M. Lorenzo, S. Mazuelas, and E. J. Abril, "E-field assessment errors associated with RF dosemeters for different angles of arrival," Radiation Protection Dosimetry, Vol. 132, No. 1, 51-56, 2008.
doi:10.1093/rpd/ncn275        Google Scholar

12. Iskra, S., R. McKenzie, and I. Cosic, "Personal, non-invasive dosimetry for radio-frequency human exposure assessment," 2007 29th Annual International Conference of the IEEE Engineering in Medicine and Biology Society, 2319-2322, Aug. 2007.
doi:10.1109/IEMBS.2007.4352790        Google Scholar

13. Thielens, A., H. De Clercq, S. Agneessens, J. Lecoutere, L. Verloock, F. Declercq, G. Vermeeren, E. Tanghe, H. Rogier, R. Puers, L. Martens, and W. Joseph, "Personal distributed exposimeter for radio frequency exposure assessment in real environments," Bioelectromagnetics, Vol. 34, No. 7, 563-567, 2013.        Google Scholar

14. Weiland, T., "A discretization method for the solution of maxwells equations for six-component fields," Electronics and Communications AEU, Vol. 31, No. 3, 116-120, 1977.        Google Scholar

15. Clemens, M. and T. Weiland, "Discrete electromagnetism with the finite integration technique," Progress In Electromagnetics Research, Vol. 32, 65-87, 2001.
doi:10.2528/PIER00080103        Google Scholar

16. Petoussi-Henss, N., M. Zankl, U. Fill, and D. Regulla, "The GSF family of voxel phantoms," Physics in Medicine and Biology, Vol. 47, No. 1, 89, 2002.
doi:10.1088/0031-9155/47/1/307        Google Scholar

17. Iskra, S., R. McKenzie, and I. Cosic, "Factors influencing uncertainty in measurement of electric fields close to the body in personal rf dosimetry," Radiation Protection Dosimetry, Vol. 140, No. 1, 25-33, 2010.
doi:10.1093/rpd/ncp309        Google Scholar

18. Kwate Kwate, R., B. Elmagroud, C. Taybi, D. Picard, and A. Ziyyat, "Interaction between human body and personal radiofrequency dosimeter: Effects of the metal plate presence," Proc. IEEE 14th Edition of the Mediterranean Microwave Symposium MMS14, Marrakech, Morocco, Dec. 12-14, 2014.        Google Scholar

19. Kwate Kwate, R., B. Elmagroud, C. Taybi, V. Beauvois, Ch. Geuzaine, D. Picard, and A. Ziyyat, "On calibration of correction law for EMF measurement errors due to the proximity of the human body," Proc. IEEE 15th edition of the Mediterranean Microwave Symposium MMS15, 1-4, Lecce, Italy, 2015.        Google Scholar

20. Elmagroud, B., R. Kwate Kwate, C. Taybi, D. Picard, and A. Ziyyat, "Electromagnetic exposure assessment for telecommunication equipements using RF dosimeter," Proc. IEEE 2nd International Conference on Information Technology for Organizations Development, IT4OD-2016, Fez, Morocco, 2016.        Google Scholar

Download Full Article (740) View Full Article volume


The EM Academy piers.org jpier.org Who's Who in EM
Copyright © 2022 The Electromagnetics Academy. All Rights Reserved.