volume | PIER Journals

Abstract

For the last half a century, neurophysiology relies on patch clamp which neutralizes the ions to sense a signal. The smaller the patch, the efficiency is better. However, the limit has not been reached yet, and we accomplish it here. We add a spiral and a ring antenna to a coaxial probe to significantly reduce its self-resonance as the tip filters the ultra-low vibrations of protein's sub-molecular parts (10^-18 watts to 10^-22 watts) in a living cell environment with 10-6-watt noise. A probe tip added by a cavity resonator & a dielectric resonator acquires four distinct ultra-low noise signals simultaneously from a biomolecule, which is not possible using a patch clamp. Protein transmits ions and small molecules. Our probe estimates the ionic content of the molecule. Simultaneously it also measures the dipolar oscillations of its sub-molecular parts that regulates ionic interaction. We experimentally measure signals over a wide frequency domain. In that frequency domain, we map the mechanical, electrical, and magnetic vibrations of the element and record the relationship between its electric and ionic conductions. Dimension wise it is the ultimate resolution, consistent both in silico & in real experiments with the neuron cells --- the atomic pen instantly monitors a large number of dynamic molecular centers at a time.

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Mr. Pushpendra Singh

Dr. Subrata Ghosh

Dr. Pathik Sahoo

Dr. Kanad Ray

Dr. Daisuke Fujita

Dr. Anirban Bandyopadhyay