1. Shuman, C. A., D. H. Bromwich, J. Kipfstuhl, and M. Schwanger, "Multiyear accumulation and temperature history near the North Greenland Ice Core Project site, north central Greenland," J. Geophys. Res., Vol. 106, No. D24, 33853-33866, 2001.
doi:10.1029/2001JD900197
2. Zahnen, N., F. Jung-Rothenhausler, H. Oerter, F. Wilhelms, and H. Miller, "Correlation between Antarctic dry snow properties and backscattering characteristics in radarsat SAR imagery," Proceedings of EARSeL-LISSIG Workshop Observing Our Cryosphere from Space, 140-148, Bern, Mar. 11-13, 2002.
3. Karkas, E., T. Martma, and E. Sounninen, "Physical properties and stratigraphy of surface snow in western Droning Maud Land, Antarctica," Polar Research, Vol. 24, No. 1-2, 55-67, 2005.
doi:10.1111/j.1751-8369.2005.tb00140.x
4. Godio, A., "Georadar measurements for the snow cover density," American Journal of Applied Sciences, Vol. 6, No. 3, 414-423, 2009.
doi:10.3844/ajassp.2009.414.423
5. Langley, K., P. Lacroix, S.-E. Hamran, and O. Brandt, "Sources of backscatter at 5.3 GHz from a superimposed ice and ˉrn area revealed by multi-frequency GPR and cores," J. Glaciology, Vol. 55, No. 190, 373-383, 2009.
doi:10.3189/002214309788608660
6. Hawley, R. L., E. M. Morris, R. Cullen, U. Nixdorf, A. P. Shepherd, and D. J. Wingham, "ASIRAS airborne radar resolves internal annual layers in the dry-snow zone of Greenland," Geoph. Res. Lett., Vol. 33, L04502, 2006, Doi: 10.1029/2005GL025147.
7. Kanagaratnam, P., S. P. Gogineni, N. Gundestrup, and L. Larsen, "High resolution radar mapping on internal layers at the North Greenland Ice Core Project," J. Geophys. Res., Vol. 106, No. D24, 33799-33811, 2001.
doi:10.1029/2001JD900191
8. Ulaby, F. T., R. K. Moore, and A. K. Fung, Microwave Remote Sensing, Active and Passive, from Theory to Applications, Volume III, Artech House, Inc., Norwood, 1986.
9. Fung, A., Microwave Scattering and Emission Models and Their Applications, Artech House, New York, 1994.
10. Wismann, V., D. P. Winebrenner, K. Boehnke, and R. J. Arthern, "Snow accumulation on Greenland estimated from ERS scatterometer data," Proceedings of the IGARSS' 97, Vol. 4, 1823-1825, Singapore, Aug. 3-8, 1997.
11. Matzler, C., "Improved born approximation for scattering in a granular medium," J. Appl. Phys., Vol. 83, 6111-6117, 1998.
doi:10.1063/1.367496
12. Forster, R. R., K. C. Jezek, J. Bolzan, F. Baumgarner, and S. P. Gogineni, "Relationships between radar backscatter and accumulation rates in the Greenland ice sheet," Int. J. Remote Sens., Vol. 20, No. 15-16, 3131-3147, 1999.
doi:10.1080/014311699211660
13. Bingham, A. W. and M. R. Drinkwater, "Recent changes in the microwave scattering properties of the Antarctic ice sheet," IEEE Trans. Geosci. Remote Sens., Vol. 38, No. 4, 1810-1820, 2000.
doi:10.1109/36.851765
14. Hoen, E. W., "A correlation-based approach to modeling interferometric radar observations of the Greenland ice sheet,", Ph.D. Thesis, Stanford University, 2001.
15. Tsang, L., J. Pan, D. Liang, Z. X. Li, D. Cline, and Y. H. Tan, "Modeling active microwave remote sensing of snow using dense media radiative transfer (DMRT) theory with multiple scattering effects," IEEE Trans. Geosci. Remote Sens., Vol. 45, No. 4, 990-1004, 2007.
doi:10.1109/TGRS.2006.888854
16. Xu, X., D. Liang, L. Tsang, K. M. Andreadis, E. G. Josberger, D. P. Lettenmaier, D. W. Cline, and S. H. Yueh, "Active remote sensing of snow using NMM3D/DMRT and comparison with CLPX-II airborne data," IEEE J. Selected Topics in Applied Earth Observations and Remote Sensing, Vol. 3, No. 4, 689-697, 2010.
doi:10.1109/JSTARS.2010.2053919
17. Kendra, J. R., K. Sarabandi, and F. T. Ulaby, "Radar measurement of snow: Experiment and analysis," IEEE Trans. Geosci. Remote Sens., Vol. 36, No. 3, 864-879, 1998.
doi:10.1109/36.673679
18. Ruiz, C., "Feasibility study of imaging the Antarctic ice using a space-borne P-band radar,", WP 200: Electromagnetic Model Review Document, ESA Contract No. 18195/04/NL/CB, 2005.
19. Marshall, J. S. and W. Hitchfeld, "Interpretation of the fluctuating echo from randomly distributed scatterers," Can. J. Phys., Vol. 31, No. 6, 962-994, 1953.
doi:10.1139/p53-084
20. Smith, Jr., P. L., "Scattering of microwave by cloud droplets," Proceedings of 11th Weather Radar Conf., 201-207, Boulder, Colorado, Sep. 14-18, 1964.
21. Yurchak, B. S., "Radar volume backscatter from spatially extended geophysical targets in a `slice' approach," IEEE Trans. Geosci. Remote Sens., Vol. 47, No. 11, 3690-3696, 2009, Doi: 10.1109/TGRS.2009.2015444.
doi:10.1109/TGRS.2009.2015444
22. Vickers, R. S. and G. C. Rose, "High resolution measurements of snowpack stratigraphy using a short pulse radar,", Vol. I, 261-267, Proceedings of the 8th International Symposium on Remote Sensing of Environment.
23. Ellerbruch, D. A. and H. S. Boyne, "Snow stratigraphy and water equivalence measured with an active microwave system," J. Glaciology, Vol. 26, No. 94, 225-233, 1980.
24. Yurchak, B. S., "Some features of the volume component of radar backscatter from thick and dry snow cover," Advances in Geoscience and Remote Sensing, G. Jedlovec (ed.), 93{140, In-Tech, Vukovar, 2009.
25. Rott, H., K. Sturm, and H. Miller, "Active and passive microwave signatures of Antarctic firn by means of field measurements and satellite data," Ann. Glaciol., Vol. 17, 337-343, 1993.
26. Ulaby, F. T., R. K. Moore, and A. K. Fung, Microwave Remote Sensing: Active and Passive, Radar Remote Sensing and Surface Scattering and Emission Theory, Volume II, Artech House, Norwood, MA, 1992.
27. Long, D. G. and M. R. Drinkwater, "Greenland ice-sheet surface properties observed by the Seasat --- A scatterometer at enhanced resolution," J. Glaciology, Vol. 40, 213-230, 1994.
28. Eom, H. J. and W.-M. Boerner, "A re-examination of radar terrain backscattering at nadir," IEEE Trans. Geosci. Remote Sens., Vol. 24, No. 2, 232-234, 1986.
doi:10.1109/TGRS.1986.289642
29. West, R. D., D. P. Winebrenner, L. Tsang, and H. Rott, "Microwave emission from density-stratified Antarctic firn at 6 cm wavelength," J. Glaciology, Vol. 42, No. 140, 63-76, 1986.
30. Paren, J. G., "Reflection coe±cient at a dielectric interface," J. Glaciology, Vol. 27, No. 95, 203-204, 1981.
31. Atlas, D., "Advances in radar meteorology," Adv. Geophys., Vol. 10, 317-478, 1964.
doi:10.1016/S0065-2687(08)60009-6
32. Kendall, M. G., Advanced Theory of Statistics, Volume 1, 6th Edition, Arnold, Stuart & Ord., London , 1968.
33. Tiuri, M. E., A. H. Sihvola, E. G. Nyfors, and M. T. Hallikainen, "The complex dielectric constant of snow at microwave frequencies," IEEE J. Ocean. Engin., Vol. 9, No. 5, 377-382, 1984.
doi:10.1109/JOE.1984.1145645
34. Gow, A. J., "Deep core studies of the accumulation and densification of snow at Byrd Station and ittle America V, Antarctica,", CRREL Research Report, 197, 1968.
35. Rotschky, G., W. Rack, W. Dierking, and H. Oerter, "Retrieving snowpack properties and accumulation estimates from a combination of SAR and scatterometer measurements," IEEE Trans. Geosci. Remote Sens., Vol. 44, No. 4, 943-956, 2006.
doi:10.1109/TGRS.2005.862524
36. Holmlund, P., K. Gjerde, N. Gundestrup, M. Hansson, E. Isaksson, L. Karlof, M. Nyman, R. Pettersson, F. Pinglot, C. H. Reijmer, M. Stenberg, M. Thomassen, R. S. W. van de Wal, C. Veen, F. Wilhelms, and J. G. Winther, "Spatial gradients in snow layering and 10m temperatures at two EPICA-Dronning Maud Land (Antarctica) pre-site-survey drill sites," Ann. Glaciol., Vol. 30, 13-19, 2000.
doi:10.3189/172756400781820796
37. Winebrenner, D. P., R. J. Arthern, and C. A. Shuman, "Mapping Greenland accumulation rates using observations of thermal emission at 4.5-cm wavelength," J. Geophys. Res., Vol. 106, No. D24, 33919-33924, 2001.
doi:10.1029/2001JD900235
38. Schlosser, E. and H. Oerter, "Shallow firn cores from Neumayer, Ekstromisen, Antarctica: A comparison of accumulation rates and stable-isotope rations," Ann. Glaciol., Vol. 35, 91-96, 2002.
doi:10.3189/172756402781816915
39. Quin, D. and N. W. Young, "Characteristics of the initial densification of snow/firn in Wilks land, east Antarctica," Ann. Glaciol., Vol. 11, 209, 1988.
40. Li, J. and J. Zwally, "Modeling the density variation in the shallow firn layer," Ann. Glaciol., Vol. 38, 309-313, 2004.
doi:10.3189/172756404781814988
41. Fahnestock, M., R. Bindschadler, R. Kwok, and K. Jezek, "Greenland ice sheet surface properties and ice dynamics from ERS-1 SAR imagery," Science, Vol. 262, No. 5139, 1530-1534, 1993.
doi:10.1126/science.262.5139.1530
42. Bromwich, D. H., R. I. Cullather, and Q. Chen, "Evaluation of recent precipitation studies for the Greenland ice sheet," J. Geophys. Res., Vol. 108, No. D20, 26007-26024, 1998.
doi:10.1029/98JD02278