volume | PIER Journals

Abstract

Evaluation of the lightning coupling on the buried signaling cable nearby when the through-ground wire is used as the discharge channel of lightning current requires accurate models for the calculation of the underground lightning electromagnetic field and the induced current of this field on the signaling cable conductor. To accomplish this, a full-wave approach based on the finite-element method (FEM) is used, which incorporates the frequency dependence of soil conductivity and relative permittivity into in the model. The numerical results show that for soils characterized by relatively low resistivity values (less than 4000 Ω.m), the frequency dependence of the electrical properties of the soil has a negligible influence on the horizontal component of the electric field and the vertical component of the magnetic field. However, the distribution of the lightning electromagnetic field is markedly affected by the distance between the air-soil interface and the buried signaling cable. We also find that the coupling strength of the lightning electromagnetic field to the buried signaling cable is strongly dependent on the wave shape of the lightning current, soil resistivity, the distance between the cable and the air-soil interface, and the distance between the cable and the lightning strike point. Finally, the common grounding methods of the cable shielding layer in cable protection are compared. Results show that single-layer double-terminal grounding is the most effective anti-interference measure for the electromagnetic field coupling between the through-ground wire and the buried signal cable near the lightning point of the high-speed railway. The desired shielding effect properties with the frequency from dc to 1 MHz can be achieved using this method.

1. Luo, L., D. Wang, and M. Hao, "7.23 Yong-Wen line particularly major railway accident investigation report,", 7.23 Yong-Wen Line Particularly Major Railway Accident Investigation Team of The State Council, Beijing, 2011. Google Scholar

2. Arai, H., Y. Hizawa, H. Fujita, et al. "Lightning overvoltage of rails and signalling cables in electrified/non-electrified section," 33rd International Conference on Lightning Protection (ICLP), 1-6, IEEE, Estoril, 2016. Google Scholar

3. Zhang, B., H. Xue, Z. Jin, et al. "Transient potential distribution of transmission tower and its grounding device under lightning," High Voltage Engineering, Vol. 39, No. 2, 393-398, 2013. Google Scholar

4. Ren, R., Engineering Design Guidelines for Lightning Protection System of Railway Comprehensive Grounding and Signaling Equipment, China Railway Press, Beijing, 2009.

5. IEC(Iec) "IEC 61312-1 Protection against lightning electromagnetic impulse --- Part 1: General principles[S],", IEC, London, 1995. Google Scholar

6. Papadopoulos, T. A., C. A. Charalambous, A. Dimitriou, et al. "Assessing the inductive electromagnetic interference caused on a railway system 5 by a nearby hvdc underground cable link," 30th CIGRE Greece National Conference ``e-Session 2020", CIGRE, Paris, 2020.
doi:10.1109/TEMC.2005.853163 Google Scholar

7. Paolone, M., E. Petrache, F. Rachidi, et al. "Lightning induced disturbances in buried cables --- Part II: Experiment and model validation," IEEE Transactions on Electromagnetic Compatibility, Vol. 47, No. 3, 509-520, 2005.
doi:10.1109/TEMC.2005.853161 Google Scholar

8. Petrache, E., F. Rachidi, M. Paolone, et al. "Lightning induced disturbances in buried cables --- Part I: Theory," IEEE Transactions on Electromagnetic Compatibility, Vol. 47, No. 3, 498-508, 2005.
doi:10.1109/TEMC.2018.2844205 Google Scholar

9. Sunitha, K. and M. J. Thomas, "Effect of soil conditions on the electromagnetic field from an impulse radiating antenna and on the induced voltage in a buried cable," IEEE Transactions on Electromagnetic Compatibility, Vol. 61, No. 4, 990-997, 2019.
doi:10.1109/TEMC.2012.2185500 Google Scholar

10. Yang, B., B. H. Zhou, and B. Chen, "Numerical study of lightning-induced currents on buried cables and shield wire protection method," IEEE Transactions on Electromagnetic Compatibility, Vol. 54, No. 2, 323-331, 2012.
doi:10.1109/TEMC.2013.2258674 Google Scholar

11. Akbari, M., K. Sheshyekani, A. Pirayesh, et al. "Evaluation of lightning electromagnetic fields and their induced voltages on overhead lines considering the frequency dependence of soil electrical parameters," IEEE Transactions on Electromagnetic Compatibility, Vol. 55, No. 6, 1210-1219, 2013.
doi:10.1007/s00202-021-01304-7 Google Scholar

12. Nematollahi, A. F. and B. Vahidi, "The effect of the inclined lightning channel on electromagnetic fields and the induced voltages on overhead lines," Electrical Engineering, Vol. 103, No. 6, 3163-3176, 2021.
doi:10.1109/TEMC.2009.2025958 Google Scholar

13. Paolone, M., F. Rachidi, A. Borghetti, et al. "Lightning electromagnetic field coupling to overhead lines: Theory, numerical simulations, and experimental validation," IEEE Transactions on Electromagnetic Compatibility, Vol. 51, No. 3, 532-547, 2009.
doi:10.1109/TEMC.2014.2313580 Google Scholar

14. Silveira, F. H., S. Visacro, R. Alipio, et al. "Lightning-induced voltages over lossy ground: The effect of frequency dependence of electrical parameters of soil," IEEE Transactions on Electromagnetic Compatibility, Vol. 56, No. 5, 1129-1136, 2014.
doi:10.1080/02726348808908214 Google Scholar

15. Ianoz, M., C. A. Nucci, and F. M. Tesche, "Transmission line theory for field-to-transmission line coupling calculations," Electromagnetics, Vol. 8, No. 2-4, 171-211, 1988. Google Scholar

16. Nucci, C. A. and F. Rachidi, "Interaction of electromagnetic fields generated by lightning with overhead electrical networks," The Lightning Flash, V. Cooray (ed.), 559-610, Institution of Engineering and Technology, Hong Kong, 2014. Google Scholar

17. Rusck, S., "Induced-lightning overvoltages on power transmission lines with special reference to the overvoltage protection of low voltage networks," Trans. R. Inst. Technol., Vol. 120, 1-118, 1958.
doi:10.1016/j.epsr.2012.05.002 Google Scholar

18. Napolitano, F., A. Borghetti, C. A. Nucci, et al. "Use of the full-wave Finite Element Method for the numerical electromagnetic analysis of LEMP and its coupling to overhead lines," Electric Power Systems Research, Vol. 94, 24-29, 2013.
doi:10.1002/etep.4450120209 Google Scholar

19. Heidler, F. and J. Cvetić, "A class of analytical functions to study the lightning effects associated with the current front," European Transactions on Electrical Power, Vol. 12, No. 2, 141-150, 2002.
doi:10.1016/j.epsr.2010.04.012 Google Scholar

20. Vujević, S. and D. Lovrić, "Exponential approximation of the Heidler function for the reproduction of lightning current waveshapes," Electric Power Systems Research, Vol. 80, No. 10, 1293-1298, 2010.
doi:10.1109/TPWRD.2011.2179070 Google Scholar

21. Visacro, S. and R. Alipio, "Frequency dependence of soil parameters: Experimental results, predicting formula and in uence on the lightning response of grounding electrodes," IEEE Transactions on Power Delivery, Vol. 27, No. 2, 927-935, 2012.
doi:10.1109/TEMC.2011.2106790 Google Scholar

22. Visacro, S., R. Alipio, M. H. M. Vale, et al. "The response of grounding electrodes to lightning currents: The effect of frequency-dependent soil resistivity and permittivity," IEEE Transactions on Electromagnetic Compatibility, Vol. 53, No. 2, 401-406, 2011.
doi:10.1364/JOSAA.378665 Google Scholar

23. Sun, Q., E. Klaseboer, A. J. Yuffa, et al. "Field-only surface integral equations: Scattering from a perfect electric conductor," Journal of the Optical Society of America A, Vol. 37, No. 2, 276-283, 2020.
doi:10.1109/TEMC.2014.2311926 Google Scholar

24. Paknahad, J., K. Sheshyekani, F. Rachidi, et al. "Lightning electromagnetic fields and their induced currents on buried cables. Part II: The effect of a horizontally stratified ground," IEEE Transactions on Electromagnetic Compatibility, Vol. 56, No. 5, 1146-1154, 2014.
doi:10.1109/TPWRD.2014.2339096 Google Scholar

25. Sheshyekani, K. and J. Paknahad, "The effect of an ocean-land mixed propagation path on the lightning electromagnetic fields and their induced voltages on overhead lines," IEEE Transactions on Power Delivery, Vol. 30, No. 1, 229-236, 2015. Google Scholar

26. Comsol. RF Module User's Guide 5.6[M]. COMSOL, Kerala, , 2019.
doi:10.1109/TEMC.2013.2292557 Google Scholar

27. Paulino, J. O. S., C. F. Barbosa, and W. C. Boaventura, "Lightning-induced current in a cable buried in the first layer of a two-layer ground," IEEE Transactions on Electromagnetic Compatibility, Vol. 56, No. 4, 956-963, 2014. Google Scholar

28. Vance, E. F., EMP Interaction Note: Internal Voltages and Currents in Complex Cables, Stanford Research Institute, Menlo Park, CA, 1967.

29. Sunde, E. D., Earth Conduction Effects in Transmission Systems, Dover, New York, NY, 1968.

Dr. Yaqiong Qiao

Dr. Zhiguo Liang

Dr. Longsheng Wang

Dr. Shuai Bai

Dr. Jianlei Gang

Dr. Hongyang Zhang

Dr. Wu Duan