volume | PIER Journals

Abstract

In this paper, we study tunable metamaterial structures whose unit cell has triangular split ring resonator and wire strip for S- and C-microwave bands. Three types of new metamaterials, concentric and non-concentric configurations, are designed, and their electromagnetic response is investigated. Constitutive and S parameters are computed using retrieval algorithm to demonstrate the properties of the proposed new metamaterial designs. In addition, the electric field distribution on the metallic parts of the structure is illustrated for one design of the each sample. It is shown that the studied new metamaterials exhibit double negative properties in the frequency region of interest. The main advantage of this study based on the proposed structures is having the tunability in terms of the substrate thickness and the possibility of pronounce loss reduction.

1. Veselago, V. G., "The electrodynamics of substances with simultaneously negative values of ε and μ," Soviet Physics Uspekhi, Vol. 10, 509-514, 1968. Google Scholar

2. Pendry, J. B., A. J. Holden, W. J. Stewart, and I. Youngs, "Extremely low frequency plasmons in metallic mesostructures," Physical Review Letters, Vol. 76, 4773-4776, 1996. Google Scholar

3. Pendry, J. B., A. J. Holden, D. J. Robbins, and W. J. Stewart, "Magnetism from conductors and enhanced nonlinear phenomena," IEEE Transactions on Microwave Theory and Techniques, Vol. 47, 2075-2084, 1999. Google Scholar

4. Smith, D. R., W. J. Padilla, D. C. Vier, S. C. Nemat-Nasser, and S. Schultz, "Composite medium with simultaneously negative permeability and permittivity ," Physical Review Letters, Vol. 84, 4184-4187, 2000. Google Scholar

5. Shelby, R. A., Smith D.R., and Schultz S., "Experimental verification of a negative index of refraction," Science, Vol. 292, 77-79, 2001. Google Scholar

6. Ziolkowski, R. W. and E. Heyman, "Wave propagation in media having negative permittivity and permeability," Physical Review E, Vol. 64, 056625.1-056625.15, 2001. Google Scholar

7. Tretyakov, S. A., "Meta-materials with wideband negative permittivity and permeability," Microwave and Optical Technology Letters, Vol. 31, 163-165, 2001. Google Scholar

8. Kong, J. A., "Electromagnetic wave interaction with stratified negative isotropic media," Progress In Electromagnetics Research, Vol. 35, 1-52, 2002. Google Scholar

9. Engheta, N., "Metamaterials with negative permittivity and permeability: Background, salient features, and new trends," IEEE MTT-S International Microwave Symposium Digest, Vol. 1, 187-190, 2003. Google Scholar

10. Chew, W. C., "Some reflections on double negative materials," Progress In Electromagnetics Research, Vol. 51, 1-26, 2005. Google Scholar

11. Sabah, C. and S. Uckun, "Electromagnetic wave propagation through the frequency-dispersive and lossy double-negative slab," Opto-Electronics Review, Vol. 15, 133-143, 2007. Google Scholar

12. Sabah, C. and S. Uckun, "Scattering characteristics of the stratified double-negative stacks using the frequency dispersive cold plasma medium," Zeitschrift für Naturforschung A, Vol. 62a, 247-253, 2007. Google Scholar

13. Ziolkowski, R. W., "Design, fabrication, and testing of double negative metamaterials," IEEE Transaction on Antennas and Propagation, Vol. 51, 1516-1529, 2003. Google Scholar

14. Chen, X., T. M. Grzegorczyk, B.-I. Wu, J. Pacheco, and J. A. Kong, "Robust method to retrieve the constitutive effective parameters of metamaterials," Physical Review E, Vol. 70, 016608.1-016608.7, 2004. Google Scholar

15. Linden, S., C. Enkirch, M. Wegner, J. Zhou, and T. Koschny C. M. Soukoulis, "Magnetic response in metamaterials at 100 THz," Science, Vol. 306, 1351-1353, 2004. Google Scholar

16. Smith, D. R., D. C. Vier, T. Koschny, and C. M. Soukoulis, "Electromagnetic parameter retrieval from inhomogeneous metamaterials," Physical Review E, Vol. 71, 036617.1-036617.11, 2005. Google Scholar

17. Aydin, K., K. Guven, M. Kafesaki, C. M. Soukoulis, and E. Ozbay, "Investigation of magnetic resonances for different splitring resonator parameters and designs," New Journal of Physics, Vol. 7, 168.1-168.15, 2005. Google Scholar

18. Engheta, N. and R. W., Ziolkowski, Metamaterials --- Physics and Engineering Explorations, Wiley --- IEEE Press, 2006.

19. Aydin, K. and E. Ozbay, "Identifying magnetic response of split-ring resonators at microwave frequencies," Opto-Electronics Review, Vol. 14, 193-199, 2006. Google Scholar

20. Liu, Y., N. Fang, D. Wu, C. Sun, and X. Zhang, "Symmetric and antisymmetric modes of electromagnetic resonators," Applied Physics A --- Materials Science & Processing, Vol. 87, 171-174, 2007. Google Scholar

21. Chen, H.-T., J. F. O'Hara, A. J. Taylor, R. D. Averitt, C. Highstrete, M. Lee, and W. J. Padilla, "Complementary planar terahertz metamaterials," Optics Express, Vol. 15, 1084-1095, 2007. Google Scholar

22. Gundogdu, T. F., M. Gökkavvas, K. Guven, M. Kafesaki, C. M. Soukoulis, and E. Ozbay, "Simulation and micro-fabrication of optically switchable split ring resonators," Photonics and Nanostructures --- Fundamental and Applications, Vol. 5, 106-112, 2007. Google Scholar

23. Sabah, C., ``Analysis, Applications, and a Novel Design of Double Negative Metamaterials'', PhD Thesis, University of Gaziantep, Gaziantep, Turkey, 2008.

24. Sabah, C. and S. Uckun, "Triangular split ring resonator and wire strip to form new metamaterial," Proceedings of XXIX General Assembly of the International Union of Radio Science, Chicago, Illinois, USA, August 2008. Google Scholar

25. Sabah, C., A. O. Cakmak, E. Ozbay, and S. Uckun, "Transmission measurement of a new metamaterial sample with negative refraction index," Physica B: Condensed Matter, Vol. 405, 2955-2958, 2010. Google Scholar

26. Zhu, C., C. H. Liang, and L. Chen, "A novel left-handed material composed of triangular open-loop resonators," International Workshop on Metamaterials, 188-190, November 2008. Google Scholar

27. Zhu, C., J.-J. Ma, L. Chen, and C.-H. Liang, "Negative index metamaterials composed of triangular open-loop resonator and wire structures," Microwave and Optical Technology Letters, Vol. 51, 2022-2025, 2009. Google Scholar

28. Jalali, M., T. Sedghi, and Y. Zehforoosh, "Miniaturization of waveguides dual band antenna using TSRR-WS metamaterials," International Journal of Computer and Electrical Engineering, Vol. 1, 1793-8163, 2009. Google Scholar

29. Jalali, M., T. Sedghi, and M. Shokri, "A novel metamaterial SRR for waveguide antenna," Mediterranean Microwave Symposium (MMS), 1-4, November 2009. Google Scholar

30. Vidyalakshmi, M. R. and S. Raghavan, "A CAD model of triangular split ring resonator based on equivalent circuit approach," Applied Electromagnetics Conference (AEMC), 1-4, December 2009. Google Scholar

31. Sheng, Z. and V. V. Varadan, "Tuning the effective properties of metamaterials by changing the substrate properties," Journal of Applied Physics, Vol. 101, 014909.1-014909.7, 2007. Google Scholar

32. Zhao, Q., L. Kang, B. Du, B. Li, J. Zhou, H. Tang, X. Liang, and B. Zhang, "Electrically tunable negative permeability metamaterials based on nematic liquid crystals," Applied Physics Letters, Vol. 90, 011112.1-011112.3, 2007. Google Scholar

33. Driscoll, T., G. O. Andreev, D. N. Basov, S. Palit, S. Y. Cho, N. M. Jokerst, and D. R. Smith, "Tuned permeability in terahertz split-ring resonators for devices and sensors," Applied Physics Letters, Vol. 91, 062511.1-062511.3, 2007. Google Scholar

34. Chen, J.-Y., W.-L. Chen, J.-Y. Yeh, L.-W. Chen, and C.-C. Wang, "Comparative analysis of split-ring resonators for tunable negative permeability metamaterials based on anisotropic dielectric substrates," Progress In Electromagnetics Research M, Vol. 10, 25-38, 2009. Google Scholar

35. Wang, J., S. Qu, J. Zhang, H. Ma, Y. Yang, C. Gu, X. Wu, and Z. Xu, "A tunable left-handed metamaterial based on modified broadside-coupled split-ring resonators," Progress In Electromagnetics Research Letters, Vol. 6, 35-45, 2009. Google Scholar

Prof. Cumali Sabah