2023-06-27
Stabilization of Evanescent Wave Propagation Operators
By
Progress In Electromagnetics Research B, Vol. 101, 17-44, 2023
Abstract
This paper presents a stabilized scheme that solves the wave propagation problem in a general bianisotropic, stratified medium. The method utilizes the concept of propagators, i.e., the wave propagation operators that map the total tangential electric and magnetic fields from one plane in the slab to another. The scheme transforms the propagator approach into a scattering matrix form, where a spectral decomposition of the propagator enables separation of the exponentially growing and decaying terms in order to obtain a well-conditioned formulation. Multilayer structures can be handled in a stable manner using the dissipative property of the Redheffer star product for cascading scattering matrices. The reflection and transmission dyadics for a general bianisotropic medium with an isotropic half space on both sides of the slab are presented in a coordinate-independent dyadic notation, as well as the reflection dyadic for a bianisotropic slab with perfect electric conductor backing (PEC). Several numerical examples that illustrate the performance of the stabilized algorithm are presented.
Citation
Michael Andersson, Daniel Sjöberg, and Gerhard Kristensson, "Stabilization of Evanescent Wave Propagation Operators," Progress In Electromagnetics Research B, Vol. 101, 17-44, 2023.
doi:10.2528/PIERB23041602
References

1. Berkhout, A. and A. F. Koenderink, "A simple transfer-matrix model for metasurface multilayer systems," Nanophotonics, Vol. 9, No. 12, 3985-4007, 2020.
doi:10.1515/nanoph-2020-0212        Google Scholar

2. Clemmow, P. C., The Plane Wave Spectrum Representation of Electromagnetic Fields, Pergamon Press, New York, 1966.

3. Digani, J., P. W. Hon, and A. R. Davoyan, "Framework for expediting discovery of optimal solutions with blackbox algorithms in non-topology photonic inverse design," ACS Photonics, Vol. 9, No. 2, 432-442, 2022.
doi:10.1021/acsphotonics.1c01819        Google Scholar

4. Hale, N., I. Simonsen, C. Brune, and M. Kildemo, "Use of 4 x 4 transfer matrix method in the study of surface magnon polaritons via simulated attenuated total re ection measurements on the antiferromagnetic semiconductor mnf 2," Physical Review B, Vol. 105, No. 10, 104421, 2022.
doi:10.1103/PhysRevB.105.104421        Google Scholar

5. Ji, W., T. Cai, Z. Xi, and P. Urbach, "Highly efficient and broadband achromatic transmission metasurface to refract and focus in microwave region," Laser & Photonics Reviews, Vol. 16, No. 1, 2100333, 2022.
doi:10.1002/lpor.202100333        Google Scholar

6. Ko, D. Y. K. and J. Sambles, "Scattering matrix method for propagation of radiation in strati ed media: Attenuated total reflection studies of liquid crystals," JOSA A, Vol. 5, No. 11, 1863-1866, 1988.
doi:10.1364/JOSAA.5.001863        Google Scholar

7. Kohlberger, C. and A. Stelzer, "Multi-modal scattering and propagation through several close periodic grids," IEEE Transactions on Antennas and Propagation, Vol. 70, No. 7, 5758-5769, 2022.
doi:10.1109/TAP.2022.3161327        Google Scholar

8. Kristensson, G., S. Poulsen, and S. Rikte, "Propagators and scattering of electromagnetic waves in planar bianisotropic slabs --- An application to frequency selective structures," Progress In Electromagnetics Research, Vol. 48, 1-25, 2004.
doi:10.2528/PIER04031503        Google Scholar

9. Kristensson, G., Scattering of Electromagnetic Waves by Obstacles. Mario Boella Series on Electromagnetism in Information and Communication, SciTech Publishing, Edison, NJ, USA, 2016.
doi:10.1049/SBEW524E

10. Kumar, N. and J. Saraf, "Tunable reflectance characteristics of magnetized cold plasma based one-dimensional defective photonic crystal," Optik, Vol. 252, 168577, 2022.
doi:10.1016/j.ijleo.2022.168577        Google Scholar

11. Li, B. and Z. Shen, "Wideband 3d frequency selective rasorber," IEEE Transactions on Antennas and Propagation, Vol. 62, No. 12, 6536-6541, 2014.
doi:10.1109/TAP.2014.2361892        Google Scholar

12. Li, L., "Formulation and comparison of two recursive matrix algorithms for modeling layered diffraction gratings," JOSA A, Vol. 13, No. 5, 1024-1035, 1996.
doi:10.1364/JOSAA.13.001024        Google Scholar

13. Li, Z.-Y. and L.-L. Lin, "Photonic band structures solved by a plane-wave-based transfer-matrix method," Physical Review E, Vol. 67, No. 4, 046607, 2003.
doi:10.1103/PhysRevE.67.046607        Google Scholar

14. Lindell, I. V., A. H. Sihvola, S. A. Tretyakov, and A. J. Viitanen, Electromagnetic Waves in Chiral and Bi-isotropic Media, Artech House, Boston, MA, 1994.

15. Luque-Raigon, J. M., J. Halme, H. Miguez, and G. Lozano, "Symmetry analysis of the numerical instabilities in the transfer matrix method," Journal of Optics, Vol. 15, No. 12, 125719, 2013.
doi:10.1088/2040-8978/15/12/125719        Google Scholar

16. Marigo, J.-J. and A. Maurel, "Second order homogenization of subwavelength strati ed media including nite size effect," SIAM Journal on Applied Mathematics, Vol. 77, No. 2, 721-743, 2017.
doi:10.1137/16M1070542        Google Scholar

17. Menzel, C., J. Sperrhake, and T. Pertsch, "Efficient treatment of stacked metasurfaces for optimizing and enhancing the range of accessible optical functionalities," Physical Review A, Vol. 93, No. 6, 063832, 2016.
doi:10.1103/PhysRevA.93.063832        Google Scholar

18. Michalski, K. A., "Modal transmission line theory of plane wave excited layered media with multiple conductive anisotropic sheets at the interfaces," Journal of Quantitative Spectroscopy and Radiative Transfer, Vol. 226, 19-28, 2019.
doi:10.1016/j.jqsrt.2019.01.010        Google Scholar

19. Ning, J. and E. L. Tan, "Hybrid matrix method for stable analysis of electromagnetic waves in strati ed bianisotropic media," IEEE Microwave and Wireless Components Letters, Vol. 18, No. 10, 653-655, 2008.
doi:10.1109/LMWC.2008.2003446        Google Scholar

20. Norgren, M., "Optimal design using strati ed bianisotropic media: Application to anti-re ection coatings," Journal of Electromagnetic Waves and Applications, Vol. 12, No. 7, 939-959, 1998.
doi:10.1163/156939398X01178        Google Scholar

21. Norgren, M., "Wave-splitting approaches to direct and inverse frequency-domain scattering of electromagnetic waves from strati ed bianisotropic materials,", Ph.D. thesis, Royal Institute of Technology, Stockholm, Sweden, 1996.
doi:10.1163/156939398X01178        Google Scholar

22. Orfanidis, S., Electromagnetic Waves and Antennas, Sophocles J. Orfanidis, 2016.

23. Ourir, A., Y. Gao, A. Maurel, and J.-J. Marigo, "Homogenization of thin and thick metamaterials and applications," Metamaterials --- Devices and Applications, 149-165, 2017.        Google Scholar

24. Pendry, J., "Photonic band structures," Journal of Modern Optics, Vol. 41, No. 2, 209-229, 1994.
doi:10.1080/09500349414550281        Google Scholar

25. Pozar, D. M., Microwave Engineering, John Wiley & Sons, New York, NY, 1998.

26. Ranjbar, A. and A. Grbic, "Analysis and synthesis of cascaded metasurfaces using wave matrices," Physical Review B, Vol. 95, No. 20, 205114, 2017.
doi:10.1103/PhysRevB.95.205114        Google Scholar

27. Redheffer, R., "On the relation of transmission-line theory on scattering and transfer," J. Math. Phys., Vol. 41, 1-41, 1962.
doi:10.1002/sapm19624111        Google Scholar

28. Riga, J. and R. Seviour, "Electromagnetic analogs of quantum mechanical tunneling," Journal of Applied Physics, Vol. 132, No. 20, 200901, 2022.
doi:10.1063/5.0118308        Google Scholar

29. Rikte, S., M. Andersson, and G. Kristensson, "Homogenization of woven materials," Arch. Elektron. Ubertragungstech, Vol. 53, No. 5, 261-271, 1999.        Google Scholar

30. Rikte, S., G. Kristensson, and M. Andersson, "Propagation in bianisotropic media --- Reflection and transmission," IEE Proc. Microwaves Antennas and Propag., Vol. 148, No. 1, 29-36, 2001.
doi:10.1049/ip-map:20010215        Google Scholar

31. Rumpf, R. C., "Improved formulation of scattering matrices for semi-analytical methods that is consistent with convention," Progress In Electromagnetics Research B, Vol. 35, 241-261, 2011.
doi:10.2528/PIERB11083107        Google Scholar

32. Silveirinha, M. G. and C. A. Fernandes, "Homogenization of metamaterial surfaces and slabs: The crossed wire mesh canonical problem," IEEE Transactions on Antennas and Propagation, Vol. 53, No. 1, 59-69, 2005.
doi:10.1109/TAP.2004.840538        Google Scholar

33. Sjoberg, D., "Analysis of wave propagation in strati ed structures using circuit analogs, with application to electromagnetic absorbers," Eur. J. Phys., Vol. 29, 721-734, 2008.
doi:10.1088/0143-0807/29/4/007        Google Scholar

34. Sjoberg, D., "Circuit analogs for wave propagation in strati ed structures," Wave Propagation in Materials for Modern Applications, 489-508, A. Petrin (ed.), InTech, 2010.        Google Scholar

35. Sperrhake, J., M. Decker, M. Falkner, S. Fasold, T. Kaiser, I. Staude, and T. Pertsch, "Analyzing the polarization response of a chiral metasurface stack by semi-analytic modeling," Optics Express, Vol. 27, No. 2, 1236-1248, 2019.
doi:10.1364/OE.27.001236        Google Scholar

36. Yang, H.-Y. D., "A spectral recursive transformation method for electromagnetic waves in generalized anisotropic layered media," IEEE Trans. Antennas Propag., Vol. 45, No. 3, 520-526, 1997.
doi:10.1109/8.558667        Google Scholar

37. Yu, Y., G. Q. Luo, A. A. Omar, X. Liu, W. Yu, Z. C. Hao, and Z. Shen, "3d absorptive frequency selective re ection and transmission structures with dual absorption bands," IEEE Access, 72880-72888, 2018.
doi:10.1109/ACCESS.2018.2881744        Google Scholar

38. Zaky, Z. A., A. Panda, P. D. Pukhrambam, and A. H. Aly, "The impact of magnetized cold plasma and its various properties in sensing applications," Scienti c Reports, Vol. 12, No. 1, 1-12, 2022.
doi:10.1038/s41598-021-99269-x        Google Scholar