1. Marzouk, Mohamed, Ibrahime Hassan Nejdi, Rhazi Youssef, Shuvra Barua, Saih Mohamed, Sarosh Ahmad, and Mousa Hussein, "Efficient broadband fractal antenna for WiMAX and WLAN," Heliyon, Vol. 10, 2024.        Google Scholar

2. Manikandan, Palanivel and Pothiraj Sivakumar, "A novel pinwheel fractal multiband antenna design using particle swarm optimization for wireless applications," International Journal of Communication Systems, Vol. 34, No. 15, e4933, 2021.        Google Scholar

3. Saleem, Ilyas, Umair Rafique, Shobit Agarwal, Hüseyin Şerif SAVCI, Syed Muzahir Abbas, and Subhas Mukhopadhyay, "Ultra-wideband fractal ring antenna for biomedical applications," International Journal of Antennas and Propagation, Vol. 2023, Article ID 5515263, 2023.        Google Scholar

4. Mohanraj, Paranthaman and Palanivel Rajan Selvakumaran, "Compact wideband implantable antenna for biomedical applications," Current Applied Physics, Vol. 43, 50-56, 2022.        Google Scholar

5. Al-Gburi, Ahmed Jamal Abdullah, Mohd M. Ismail, Naba J. Mohammed, and Thamer A. H. Alghamdi, "SAR flexible antenna advancements: highly conductive polymer-graphene oxide-silver nanocomposites," Progress In Electromagnetics Research M, Vol. 127, 23-30, 2024.
doi:10.2528/PIERM24011202        Google Scholar

6. Al-Gburi, Ahmed Jamal Abdullah, Mohd Muzafar Ismail, Naba Jasim Mohammed, Akash Buragohain, and Khaled Alhassoon, "Electrical conductivity and morphological observation of hybrid filler: silver-graphene oxide nanocomposites for wearable antenna," Optical Materials, Vol. 148, 114882, 2024.        Google Scholar

7. Kaur, Manpreet, Hari Shankar Singh, and Mayank Agarwal, "A compact two-state pattern reconfigurable antenna for 5G Sub-6 GHz cellular applications," AEU --- International Journal of Electronics and Communications, Vol. 162, 154577, 2023.        Google Scholar

8. Nie, Zhenghang, Huiqing Zhai, Longhua Liu, Jiaxu Li, Diwei Hu, and Junhao Shi, "A dual-polarized frequency-reconfigurable low-profile antenna with harmonic suppression for 5G application," IEEE Antennas and Wireless Propagation Letters, Vol. 18, No. 6, 1228-1232, 2019.        Google Scholar

9. Nejdi, Ibrahime Hassan, Sudipta Das, Youssef Rhazi, Boddapati Taraka Phani Madhav, Seddik Bri, and Mustapha Aitlafkih, "A compact planar multi-resonant multi-broadband fractal monopole antenna for Wi-Fi, WLAN, Wi-MAX, Bluetooth, LTE, S, C, and X band wireless communication systems," Journal of Circuits, Systems and Computers, Vol. 31, No. 11, 2250204, 2022.        Google Scholar

10. Zerrad, Fatima-ezzahra, Mohamed Taouzari, El Mostafa Makroum, Jamal El Aoufi, Salah D. Qanadli, Muharrem Karaaslan, Ahmed Jamal Abdullah Al-Gburi, and Zahriladha Zakaria, "Microwave imaging approach for breast cancer detection using a tapered slot antenna loaded with parasitic components," Materials, Vol. 16, No. 4, 1496, 2023.        Google Scholar

11. Sasikala, Shanmugam, Kandasamy Karthika, Shanmugam Arunkumar, Karunakaran Anusha, Srinivasan Adithya, and Ahmed Jamal Abdullah Al-Gburi, "Design and analysis of a low-profile tapered slot UWB vivaldi antenna for breast cancer diagnosis," Progress In Electromagnetics Research M, Vol. 124, 43-51, 2024.
doi:10.2528/PIERM23110702        Google Scholar

12. Al-Gburi, A. Jamal Abdullah, I. Ibrahim, Z. Zakaria, and A. Dheyaa Khaleel, "Bandwidth and gain enhancement of ultra-wideband monopole antenna using MEBG structure," ARPN Journal of Engineering and Applied Sciences (JEAS), Vol. 14, No. 10, 3390-3393, 2019.        Google Scholar

13. Elabd, Rania H., Haythem H. Abdullah, and Mohamed Abdelazim, "Compact highly directive MIMO vivaldi antenna for 5G millimeter-wave base station," Journal of Infrared, Millimeter, and Terahertz Waves, Vol. 42, No. 2, 173-194, 2021.        Google Scholar

14. Elabd, Rania H. and Haythem H. Abdullah, "A high isolation UWB MIMO vivaldi antenna based on CSRR-NL for contemporary 5G millimeter-wave applications," Journal of Infrared, Millimeter, and Terahertz Waves, Vol. 43, No. 11, 920-941, 2022.        Google Scholar

15. Kissi, Chaïmaâ, Mariella Särestöniemi, Timo Kumpuniemi, Marko Sonkki, Sami Myllymäki, Mohamed Nabil Srifi, and Carlos Pomalaza-Raez, "Directive low-band UWB antenna for in-body medical communications," IEEE Access, Vol. 7, 149026-149038, 2019.        Google Scholar

16. Tang, Zhijun, Xiaofeng Wu, Jie Zhan, Shigang Hu, Zaifang Xi, and Yunxin Liu, "Compact UWB-MIMO antenna with high isolation and triple band-notched characteristics," IEEE Access, Vol. 7, 19856-19865, 2019.        Google Scholar

17. Elabd, Rania Hamdy and Ahmed Jamal Abdullah Al-Gburi, "SAR assessment of miniaturized wideband MIMO antenna structure for millimeter wave 5G smartphones," Microelectronic Engineering, Vol. 282, 112098, 2023.        Google Scholar

18. Marzouk, Mohamed, Ibrahime Hassan Nejdi, Youssef Rhazi, and Mohamed Saih, "Multiband and wide band octagonal fractal antenna for telecommunication applications," 2022 8th International Conference on Optimization and Applications (ICOA), 1-6, Genoa, Italy, Oct. 2022.

19. Benkhadda, Omaima, Mohamed Saih, Sarosh Ahmad, Ahmed Jamal Abdullah Al-Gburi, Zahriladha Zakaria, Kebir Chaji, and Abdelati Reha, "A miniaturized tri-wideband sierpinski hexagonal-shaped fractal antenna for wireless communication applications," Fractal and Fractional, Vol. 7, No. 2, 115, 2023.        Google Scholar

20. Oraizi, Homayoon and Shahram Hedayati, "Miniaturization of microstrip antennas by the novel application of the Giuseppe Peano fractal geometries," IEEE Transactions on Antennas and Propagation, Vol. 60, No. 8, 3559-3567, 2012.        Google Scholar

21. Tripathi, Shrivishal, Akhilesh Mohan, and Sandeep Yadav, "Hexagonal fractal ultra-wideband antenna using Koch geometry with bandwidth enhancement," IET Microwaves, Antennas & Propagation, Vol. 8, No. 15, 1445-1450, 2014.        Google Scholar

22. Manikandan, P., P. Sivakumar, K. Sai Vamsi Krishna, P. Sumanth, and T. Poornesh, "A fractal based CSRR loaded multi-band antenna for wireless applications," International Journal of Advance Science and Technology, Vol. 29, No. 7s, 4486-4492, 2020.        Google Scholar

23. Manohar, Murli, "Miniaturised low-profile super-wideband Koch snowflake fractal monopole slot antenna with improved BW and stabilised radiation pattern," IET Microwaves, Antennas & Propagation, Vol. 13, No. 11, 1948-1954, 2019.        Google Scholar

24. Desai, Arpan, Trushit K. Upadhyaya, Riki Patel, Sagar Bhatt, and Parthesh Mankodi, "Wideband high gain fractal antenna for wireless applications," Progress In Electromagnetics Research Letters, Vol. 74, 125-130, 2018.        Google Scholar

25. Kantharia, Maitri, Arpan Desai, Trushit K. Upadhyaya, Riki Patel, Parthesh Mankodi, and Mukul Kantharia, "High gain flexible CPW fed fractal antenna for Bluetooth/WLAN/WPAN/WiMAX applications," Progress In Electromagnetics Research Letters, Vol. 79, 87-93, 2018.        Google Scholar

26. Marzouk, Mohamed, Ibrahime Hassan Nejdi, Youssef Rhazi, and Mohamed Saih, "Multiband and wide band octagonal fractal antenna for telecommunication applications," 2022 8th International Conference on Optimization and Applications (ICOA), 1-6, 2022.

27. Nejdi, Ibrahime Hassan, Seddik Bri, Mohamed Marzouk, Sarosh Ahmad, Youssef Rhazi, Mustapha Ait Lafkih, Yawar Ali Sheikh, Adnan Ghaffar, and Mousa Hussein, "UWB circular fractal antenna with high gain for telecommunication applications," Sensors, Vol. 23, No. 8, 4172, 2023.
doi:10.3390/s23084172        Google Scholar

28. Marzouk, Mohamed, Youssef Rhazi, Ibrahime Hassan Nejdi, Fatima-Ezzahra Zerrad, Mohamed Saih, Sarosh Ahmad, Adnan Ghaffar, and Mousa Hussein, "Ultra-wideband compact fractal antenna for WiMAX, WLAN, C and X band applications," Sensors, Vol. 23, No. 9, 4254, 2023.
doi:10.3390/s23094254        Google Scholar

29. Sran, Sandeep Singh and Jagtar Singh Sivia, "ANN and IFS based wearable hybrid fractal antenna with DGS for S, C and X band application," AEU --- International Journal of Electronics and Communications, Vol. 127, 153425, 2020.        Google Scholar

30. Werner, D., M. Gregory, Z. H. Jiang, and D. E. Brocker, "Optimization methods in antenna engineering," Handbook of Antenna Technologies, 321-376, Springer Singapore, 2016.        Google Scholar

31. Verma, Ramesh Kumar and D. K. Srivastava, "Design, optimization and comparative analysis of T-shape slot loaded microstrip patch antenna using PSO," Photonic Network Communications, Vol. 38, 343-355, 2019.        Google Scholar

32. Fan, Xiaohong, Yubo Tian, and Yi Zhao, "Optimal design of multiband microstrip antennas by self-renewing fitness estimation of particle swarm optimization algorithm," International Journal of Antennas and Propagation, Vol. 2019, 1-9, 2019.        Google Scholar

33. D'Orazio, Leandro, "Study and development of novel techniques for PHY-layer optimization of smart terminals in the context of next-generation mobile communications," Ph.D. dissertation, University of Trento, Trento, Italy, 2008.

34. Ni, Liangfang and Sidan Du, "Evolutionary particle swarm algorithm based on higher order cumulant fitting for blind channel identification," 2008 4th International Conference on Wireless Communications, Networking and Mobile Computing, 2008.

35. Wang, Qiang, Jiashu Zhang, and Jing Yang, "Identification of nonlinear communication channel using an novel particle swarm optimization technique," 2008 International Conference on Computer Science and Software Engineering, Vol. 1, 1162-1165, Dec. 2008.

36. Shami, Tareq M., Ayman A. El-Saleh, Mohammed Alswaitti, Qasem Al-Tashi, Mhd Amen Summakieh, and Seyedali Mirjalili, "Particle swarm optimization: A comprehensive survey," IEEE Access, Vol. 10, 10031-10061, 2022.        Google Scholar

37. Song, Chengtian, Lizhi Pan, Yonghui Jiao, and Jianguang Jia, "A high-performance transmitarray antenna with thin metasurface for 5G communication based on PSO (particle swarm optimization)," Sensors, Vol. 20, No. 16, 4460, 2020.
doi:10.3390/s20164460        Google Scholar

38. Kang, Min-Seok, Young-Jin Won, Byoung-Gyun Lim, and Kyung-Tae Kim, "Efficient synthesis of antenna pattern using improved PSO for spaceborne SAR performance and imaging in presence of element failure," IEEE Sensors Journal, Vol. 18, No. 16, 6576-6587, 2018.        Google Scholar

39. Khan, Muhammad Abbas, Umair Rafique, Hüseyin Şerif Savci, Anis Nurashikin Nordin, Saad Hassan Kiani, and Syed Muzahir Abbas, "Ultra-wideband pentagonal fractal antenna with stable radiation characteristics for microwave imaging applications," Electronics, Vol. 11, No. 13, 2061, 2022.        Google Scholar

40. Sharma, Narinder and Sumeet S. Bhatia, "Stubs and slits loaded partial ground plane inspired hexagonal ring-shaped fractal antenna for multiband wireless applications: Design and measurement," Progress In Electromagnetics Research C, Vol. 112, 99-111, 2021.        Google Scholar

41. Danjuma, Isah Musa, Mobayode O. Akinsolu, Chan Hwang See, Raed A. Abd-Alhameed, and Bo Liu, "Design and optimization of a slotted monopole antenna for ultra-wide band body centric imaging applications," IEEE Journal of Electromagnetics, RF and Microwaves in Medicine and Biology, Vol. 4, No. 2, 140-147, 2020.        Google Scholar

42. Mahmood, Sarmad Nozad, Asnor Juraiza Ishak, Tale Saeidi, Azura Che Soh, Ali Jalal, Muhammad Ali Imran, and Qammer H. Abbasi, "Full ground ultra-wideband wearable textile antenna for breast cancer and wireless body area network applications," Micromachines, Vol. 12, No. 3, 322, Mar. 2021.        Google Scholar

43. Subramanian, Suresh, B. Sundarambal, and D. Nirmal, "Investigation on simulation-based specific absorption rate in ultra-wideband antenna for breast cancer detection," IEEE Sensors Journal, Vol. 18, No. 24, 10002-10009, 2018.        Google Scholar

44. Hussain, Musa, Tanvir Islam, Mohammed S. Alzaidi, Dalia H. Elkamchouchi, Fahad N. Alsunaydih, Fahd Alsaleem, and Khaled Alhassoon, "Single iterated fractal inspired UWB antenna with reconfigurable notch bands for compact electronics," Heliyon, Vol. 9, No. 11, 2023.        Google Scholar

45. Lasemi, Zahra and Zahra Atlasbaf, "Impact of fidelity factor on breast cancer detection," IEEE Antennas and Wireless Propagation Letters, Vol. 19, No. 10, 1649-1653, 2020.        Google Scholar

46. Puri, Shiv C., Sushrut Das, and Madan G. Tiary, "A multiband antenna using plus-shaped fractal-like elements and stepped ground plane," International Journal of RF and Microwave Computer-Aided Engineering, Vol. 30, No. 5, e22169, 2020.        Google Scholar

47. Marzouk, Mohamed, Ibrahime Hassan Nejdi, Rhazi Youssef, Shuvra Barua, Saih Mohamed, Sarosh Ahmad, and Mousa Hussein, "Efficient broadband fractal antenna for WiMAX and WLAN," Heliyon, Vol. 10, No. 5, 2024.        Google Scholar