2011-08-30
Enhanced Polarization in Tadpole-Shaped (Ni, Al)/AlN Nanoparticles and Microwave Absorption at High Frequencies
By
Progress In Electromagnetics Research B, Vol. 34, 31-46, 2011
Abstract
Tadpole-shaped (Ni, Al)/AlN nanoparticles were synthesized via evaporating Ni-Al alloy in a mixed atmosphere of N2 and H2. As a counterpart, the spherical-shaped (Ni, Al)/Al2O3 The electromagnetic parameters of as-made nanoparticles/paraffin composites were then investigated in the frequency range of 2-18 GHz. Excellent microwave absorption can be obtained for the tadpole-shaped (Ni, Al)/AlN-paraffin composite at high frequencies and in a thin layer, which is thought to be the result of the enhanced polarization in the anisotropic tadpole-shaped nanoparticles. With the increasing of the composite thickness, the frequency of effective reflection loss shifts towards lower frequencies due to an improved impedance match and absorption.
Citation
Hao Huang, Fang Hong Xue, Bo Lu, Fei Wang, Xing Dong, and Won Jo Park, "Enhanced Polarization in Tadpole-Shaped (Ni, Al)/AlN Nanoparticles and Microwave Absorption at High Frequencies," Progress In Electromagnetics Research B, Vol. 34, 31-46, 2011.
doi:10.2528/PIERB11071101
References

1. Wallace, J. L., "Broadband magnetic microwave absorbers: Fundamental limitations," IEEE Trans. Magn., Vol. 29, 4209-4214, 1993.
doi:10.1109/20.280862        Google Scholar

2. Liu, X. G., D. Y. Geng, H. Meng, P. J. Shang, and Z. D. Zhang, "Microwave-absorption properties of ZnO-coated iron nanocapsules," Appl. Phys. Lett., Vol. 92, 173117, 2008.
doi:10.1063/1.2919098        Google Scholar

3. Zhen, L., Y. X. Gong, J. T. Jiang, C. Y. Xu, W. Z. Shao, P. Liu, and J. Tang, "Synthesis of CoFe/Al2O3 composite nanoparticles as he impedance matching layer of wideband multilayer absorber," J. Appl. Phys., Vol. 109, 07A332, 2011.
doi:10.1063/1.3564939        Google Scholar

4. Che, R. C., L. M. Peng, X. F. Duan, Q. Chen, and X. L. Liang, "Microwave absorption enhancement and complex permittivity and permeability of Fe encapsulated within carbon nanotubes," Adv. Mater., Vol. 16, 401-405, 2004.
doi:10.1002/adma.200306460        Google Scholar

5. Bayrakdar, H., "Complex permittivity, complex permeability and microwave absorption properties of ferrite-paraffin polymer composites," J. Magn. Magn. Mater., Vol. 323, 1882-1885, 2011.
doi:10.1016/j.jmmm.2011.02.030        Google Scholar

6. Rajesh, S., V. S. Nisa, K. P. Murali, and R. Ratheesh, "Microwave dielectric properties of PTFE/rutile nanocomposites," J. Alloys Compd., Vol. 477, 677-682, 2009.
doi:10.1016/j.jallcom.2008.10.092        Google Scholar

7. Kim, J. H. and S. S. Kim, "Microwave absorbing properties of Agcoated Ni-Zn ferrite microspheres prepared by electroless plating," J. Alloys Compd., Vol. 509, 4399-4403, 2011.
doi:10.1016/j.jallcom.2011.01.050        Google Scholar

8. Paula, R. K., K. H. Leeb, B. T. Lee, and H. Y. Song, "Formation of AlN nanowires using Al powder," Mater. Chem. Phys., Vol. 112, 562-565, 2008.
doi:10.1016/j.matchemphys.2008.05.096        Google Scholar

9. Ambacher, O., "Growth and applications of group III-nitrides," J. Phys. D: Appl. Phys., Vol. 31, 2653-2710, 1998.
doi:10.1088/0022-3727/31/20/001        Google Scholar

10. Yin, L. W., Y. Bando, Y. C. Zhu, M. S. Li, Y. B. Li, and D. Golberg, "Growth and field emission of hierarchical single-crystalline wurtzite AlN nanoarchitectures," Adv. Mater., Vol. 17, 110-114, 2005.
doi:10.1002/adma.200400504        Google Scholar

11. Liu, C., Z. Hu, Q. Wu, X. Z. Wang, Y. Chen, H. Sang, J. M. Zhu, S. Z. Deng, and N. S. Xu, "Vapor-solid growth and characterization of aluminum nitride nanocones," J. Am. Chem. Soc., Vol. 127, 1318-1322, 2005.
doi:10.1021/ja045682v        Google Scholar

12. Shen, L. H., T. M. Cheng, L. J. Wu, X. F. Li, and Q. L. Cui, "Synthesis and optical properties of aluminum nitride nanowires prepared by arc discharge method," J. Alloys Compd., Vol. 465, 562-566, 2008.
doi:10.1016/j.jallcom.2007.11.007        Google Scholar

13. González, M. and A. Ibarra, "The dielectric behaviour of commercial polycrystalline aluminium nitride," Diamond Relat. Mater., Vol. 9, 467-471, 2000.
doi:10.1016/S0925-9635(99)00200-9        Google Scholar

14. Mikijelj, B., D. K. Abe, and R. Hutcheon, "AlN-based lossy ceramics for high average power microwave devices: Performance-property correlation," J. Eur. Ceram. Soc., Vol. 23, 2705-2709, 2003.
doi:10.1016/S0955-2219(03)00146-8        Google Scholar

15. Dong, X. L., Z. D. Zhang, X. G. Zhao, Y. C. Chuang, S. R. Jin, and W. M. Sun, "Characterization of Fe-Ni(C) nanocapsules synthesized by arc discharge in methane," J. Mater. Res., Vol. 14, 1782-1790, 1999.
doi:10.1557/JMR.1999.0240        Google Scholar

16. Yusoff, A. N., M. H. Abdullah, S. H. Ahmad, S. F. Jusoh, A. A. Mansor, and S. A. A. Hamid, "Electromagnetic and absorption properties of some microwave absorbers," J. Appl. Phys., Vol. 92, 876-882, 2002.
doi:10.1063/1.1489092        Google Scholar

17. Thapa, R., B. Saha, and K. K. Chattopadhyay, "Synthesis of cubic aluminum nitride by VLS technique using gold chloride as a catalyst and its optical and field emission properties," J. Alloys Compd., Vol. 475, 373-377, 2009.
doi:10.1016/j.jallcom.2008.07.020        Google Scholar

18. Joo, H. U., B. K. Min, and W. S. Jung, "Characteristics of aluminum nitride nanowhiskers grown via the vapor-liquid-solid mechanism," Physica E, Vol. 40, 833-835, 2008.
doi:10.1016/j.physe.2007.10.051        Google Scholar

19. Petrov, I., E. Mojab, R. C. Powell, and J. E. Greene, "Synthesis metastable epitaxial zinc-blende-structure AlN by solid-state reaction," Appl. Phys. Lett., Vol. 60, 2491-2493, 1992.
doi:10.1063/1.106943        Google Scholar

20. Wehner, A., Y. Jeliazova, and R. Franchy, "Growth and oxidation of a Ni3Al alloy on Ni(1 0 0)," Surf Sci., Vol. 531, 287-294, 2003.
doi:10.1016/S0039-6028(03)00516-8        Google Scholar

21. Berzina, B., L. Trinkler, D. Jakimovica, V. Korsaks, J. Grabis, I. Steins, E. Palcevskis, S. Bellucci, L. C. Chen, S. Chattopadhyay, and K. H. Chen, "Spectral characterization of bulk and nanostructured aluminum nitride," J. Nanophoton., Vol. 3, 031950, 2009.
doi:10.1117/1.3276803        Google Scholar

22. Youngman, R. A. and J. H. Harris, "Luminescence studies of oxygen-related defects in aluminum nitride," J. Am. Ceram. Soc., Vol. 73, 3238-3246, 1990.
doi:10.1111/j.1151-2916.1990.tb06444.x        Google Scholar

23. Lu, B., X. L. Dong, H. Huang, X. F. Zhang, X. G. Zhu, J. P. Lei, and J. P. Sun, "Microwave absorption properties of the core/shell-type iron and nickel nanoparticles," J. Magn. Magn. Mater., Vol. 320, 1106-1111, 2008.
doi:10.1016/j.jmmm.2007.10.030        Google Scholar

24. Gong, Y. X., L. Zhen, J. T. Jiang, C. Y. Xu, and W. Z. Shao, "Preparation of CoFe alloy nanoparticles with tunable electromagnetic wave absorption performance," J. Magn. Magn. Mater., Vol. 321, 3702-3705, 2009.
doi:10.1016/j.jmmm.2009.07.019        Google Scholar

25. Yan, S. J., L. Zhen, C. Y. Xu, J. T. Jiang, and W. Z. Shao, "Microwave absorption properties of FeNi3 submicrometre spheres and SiO2@FeNi3 core-shell structures," J. Phys. D: Appl. Phys., Vol. 43, 245003, 2010.
doi:10.1088/0022-3727/43/24/245003        Google Scholar

26. Banerjee, R., P. Ayyub, G. B. Thompson, R. Chandra, P. Taneja, and H. L. Fraser, "Microstructure and magnetic, transport, and optical properties of ordered and disordered Ni-25Al alloy thin films," Thin Solid Films, Vol. 441, 255-260, 2003.
doi:10.1016/S0040-6090(03)00879-4        Google Scholar

27. He, J. H., R. Yang, Y. L. Chueh, L. J. Chou, L. J. Chen, and Z. L. Wang, "Aligned AlN nanorods with multi-tipped surfaces --- Growth, field-emission, and cathodoluminescence properties," Adv. Mater., Vol. 18, 650-654, 2006.
doi:10.1002/adma.200501803        Google Scholar

28. Michaelson, H. B., "The work function of the elements and its periodicity," J. Appl. Phys., Vol. 48, 4729-4733, 1977.
doi:10.1063/1.323539        Google Scholar

29. Chew, W. C. and P. N. Sen, "Dielectric enhancement due to electrochemical double layer: Thin double layer approximation," J. Chem. Phys., Vol. 77, 4683-4693, 1982.
doi:10.1063/1.444369        Google Scholar

30. Muñoz, R. D., A. L. Shluger, and G. Bersuker, "Ab initio study of charge trapping and dielectric properties of Ti-doped HfO2," Phys. Rev. B, Vol. 79, 035306, 2009.
doi:10.1103/PhysRevB.79.035306        Google Scholar

31. Kasu, M. and N. Kobayashi, "Large and stable field-emission current from heavily Si-doped AlN grown by metalorganic vapor phase epitaxy," Appl. Phys. Lett., Vol. 76, 2910-2912, 2000.
doi:10.1063/1.126514        Google Scholar

32. Ravindran, R., K. Gangopadhyay, S. Gangopadhyay, N. Mehta, and N. Biswas, "Permittivity enhancement of aluminum oxide thin films with the addition of silver nanoparticles," Appl. Phys. Lett., Vol. 89, 263511, 2006.
doi:10.1063/1.2425010        Google Scholar

33. Thakur, A., P. Thakur, and J. H. Hsu, "Novel magnetodielectric nanomaterials with matching permeability and permittivity for the very-high-frequency applications," Scripta. Mater., Vol. 64, 205-208, 2011.
doi:10.1016/j.scriptamat.2010.09.045        Google Scholar

34. Zhao, H. and H. H. Baua, "The polarization of a nanoparticle surrounded by a thick electric double layer," J. Colloid Interf. Sci., Vol. 333, 663-671, 2009.
doi:10.1016/j.jcis.2009.01.056        Google Scholar

35. Zhou, R. H., H. C. Changa, V. Protasenko, M. Kuno, A. K. Singh, D. Jena, and H. L. Xing, "CdSe nanowires with illumination-enhanced conductivity: Induced dipoles, dielectrophoretic assembly, and field-sensitive emission," J. Appl. Phys., Vol. 101, 73704, 2007.
doi:10.1063/1.2714670        Google Scholar

36. Seo, D.-W., H.-J. Kim, K.-U Bae, and N.-H. Myung, "The effect of fiber orientation distribution on the effective permittivity of fiber composite materials," Journal of Electromagnetic Waves and Applications, Vol. 24, No. 17--18, 2419-2430, 2010.
doi:10.1163/156939310793675835        Google Scholar

37. Chen, Y. J., F. Zhang, G. G. Zhao, X. Y. Fang, H. B. Jin, P. Gao, C. L. Zhu, M. S. Cao, and G. Xiao, "Synthesis, multi-nonlinear dielectric resonance, and excellent electromagnetic absorption characteristics of Fe3O4/ZnO core/shell nanorods," J. Phys. Chem. C, Vol. 114, 9239-9244, 2010.
doi:10.1021/jp912178q        Google Scholar

38. Wu, M. Z., Y. D. Zhang, S. Hui, T. D. Xiao, S. H. Ge, W. A. Hines, J. I. Budnick, and G. W. Taylor, "Microwave magnetic properties of Co50/(SiO2)50 nanoparticles," Appl. Phys. Lett., Vol. 80, 4404-4406, 2002.
doi:10.1063/1.1484248        Google Scholar

39. Mercier, D., J.-C. S. Lévy, G. Viau, F. Fiévet-Vincent, F. Fiévet, P. Toneguzzo, and O. Acher, "Magnetic resonance in spherical Co-Ni and Fe-Co-Ni particles," Phys. Rev. B, Vol. 62, 532-544, 2000.
doi:10.1103/PhysRevB.62.532        Google Scholar

40. Naito, Y. and K. Suetake, "Application of ferrite to electromagnetic wave absorber and its characteristics," IEEE T. Microw. Theory, Vol. 19, 65-72, 1971.
doi:10.1109/TMTT.1971.1127446        Google Scholar

41. Inui, T., K. Konishi, and K. Oda, "Fabrications of broad-band RF-absorber composed of planar hexagonal ferrites," IEEE T. Magn., Vol. 35, 3148-3150, 1999.
doi:10.1109/20.801110        Google Scholar

42. Micheli, D., R. Pastore, C. Apollo, M. Marchetti, G. Gradoni, V. M. Primiani, and F. Moglie, "Broadband electromagnetic absorbers using carbon nanostructure-based composites," IEEE T. Microw. Theory, 2011, Doi: 10.1109/TMTT.2011.2160198.        Google Scholar