volume | PIER Journals

2014-08-17

A Novel of Surface Reflection Method Using Radio-Wave for Soil Density Estimation

Mardeni Bin Roslee,

Professor Mardeni Bin Roslee

Faculty of Engineering

Multimedia University

Malaysia

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Intan Suraya Shahdan,

Dr. Intan Suraya Shahdan

Faculty of Engineering

Multimedia University

Malaysia

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Khazaimatol Shima Subari

Dr. Khazaimatol Shima Subari

Faculty of Engineering

Multimedia University

Malaysia

Homepage

Progress In Electromagnetics Research M, Vol. 38, 53-61, 2014

doi:10.2528/PIERM14051803

Abstract

Soil density is one of the important parameters to be investigated in civil, geological and agricultural works. Unfortunately, the challenging issue is found on the suitable model in determining accurately the soil density. In this article, a new soil density model based on radio-wave surface reflection method is presented. The development of the model is based on result analysis collected from the experiment. Then, comparisons with related theoretical models, Hallikainen and Topp, are performed. The experiment is performed by using a vector network analyzer (VNA) that generates radar signal and recording return loss (S₁₁) from a horn antenna. In the analysis, two new proposed soil density models have shown good agreement for soil density from 1.1 g/cm³ to 1.7 g/cm³ for sand and silty sand samples. This is verified when the model able to predict real samples as the one used in the experiment and result shows a very small relative error within 0.05% and 6.87%. Additionally, spectrograms in real time were produced in this study in order to observe more on the soil density. By using the proposed developed models, soil density estimation can be easily determined with minimal data input such as soil type, return loss and reflection coefficient by using regular radio-wave devices.

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Mardeni Bin Roslee, Intan Suraya Shahdan, and Khazaimatol Shima Subari, "A Novel of Surface Reflection Method Using Radio-Wave for Soil Density Estimation," Progress In Electromagnetics Research M, Vol. 38, 53-61, 2014.
doi:10.2528/PIERM14051803

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