2014-12-11
Highly Directive Hybrid Plasmonic Leaky Wave Optical Nano-Antenna
By
Progress In Electromagnetics Research Letters, Vol. 50, 85-90, 2014
Abstract
A novel traveling-wave hybrid plasmonic optical antenna is proposed for operation at the standard telecommunication wavelength of 1550 nm and with the frequency bandwidth of more than 16 THz. A highly directive radiation pattern with 15.2 dBi directivity and 82% efficiency is achieved. The developed antenna benefits from high directivity advantage of leaky-wave antennas, and low loss properties and confinement of hybrid plasmonic structures. The designed device can have applications in inter/intera chip optical interconnect, and absorption enhancement of photodetectors, and solar cells.
Citation
Leila Yousefi, "Highly Directive Hybrid Plasmonic Leaky Wave Optical Nano-Antenna," Progress In Electromagnetics Research Letters, Vol. 50, 85-90, 2014.
doi:10.2528/PIERL14110405
References

1. Novotny, L. and N. Van Hulst, "Antennas for light," Nat. Photon., Vol. 5, 83-90, 2011.
doi:10.1038/nphoton.2010.237        Google Scholar

2. Tang, L., S. E. Kocabas, S. Latif, A. K. Okyay, D. Ly-Gagnon, K. C. Saraswat, and D. A. B. Miller, "Nanometre-scale germanium photodetector enhanced by a near-infrared dipole antenna," Nat. Photon., Vol. 2, 226-229, 2008.
doi:10.1038/nphoton.2008.30        Google Scholar

3. Cao, L., J.-S. Park, P. Fan, B. Clemens, and M. L. Brongersma, "Resonant germanium nanoantenna photodetectors," Nano Lett., Vol. 10, 1229-1233, 2010.
doi:10.1021/nl9037278        Google Scholar

4. Anker, J. N., W. P. Hall, O. Lyandres, N. C. Shah, J. Zhao, and R. P. Van Duyne, "Biosensing with plasmonic nanosensors," Nat. Mater., Vol. 7, 442-453, 2008.
doi:10.1038/nmat2162        Google Scholar

5. De Wilde, Y., F. Formanek, R. Carminati, B. Gralak, P. A. Lemoine, K. Joulain, J.-P. Mulet, Y. Chen, and J.-J. Greffet, "Thermal Radiation Scanning Tunnelling Microscopy," Nature, Vol. 444, 740-743, 2006.
doi:10.1038/nature05265        Google Scholar

6. Schuller, J. A., T. Taubner, and M. L. Brongersm, "Optical antenna thermal emitters," Nat. Photon., Vol. 3, 658-661, 2009.
doi:10.1038/nphoton.2009.188        Google Scholar

7. Alu, A. and N. Engheta, "Hertzian plasmonic nanodimer as an efficient optical nanoantenna," Phys. Rev. B, Vol. 78, 195111, 2008.
doi:10.1103/PhysRevB.78.195111        Google Scholar

8. Alu, A. and N. Engheta, "Input impedance, nanocircuit loading, and radiation tuning of optical nanoantennas," Phys. Rev. Lett., Vol. 101, 043901, 2008.
doi:10.1103/PhysRevLett.101.043901        Google Scholar

9. Sederberg, S. and A. Elezzabi, "Sierpiski fractal plasmonic antenna: A fractal abstraction of the plasmonic bowtie antenna," Opt. Express, Vol. 19, 10456-10461, 2011.
doi:10.1364/OE.19.010456        Google Scholar

10. Sederberg, S. and A. Y. Elezzabi, "Nanoscale plasmonic contour bowtie antenna operating in the mid-infrared," Opt. Express, Vol. 19, 15532-15537, 2011.
doi:10.1364/OE.19.015532        Google Scholar

11. Lee, H., S. You, P. V. Pikhitsa, J. Kim, S. Kwon, C. G. Woo, and M. Choi, "Three-dimensional assembly of nanoparticles from charged aerosols," Nano Lett., Vol. 11, 119-124, 2010.
doi:10.1021/nl103787k        Google Scholar

12. Dregely, D., K. Lindfors, M. Lippitz, N. Engheta, M. Totzeck, and H. Giessen, "Imaging and steering an optical wireless nanoantenna link," Nature Communications, Vol. 5, 4354, 2014.
doi:10.1038/ncomms5354        Google Scholar

13. Kosako, T., Y. Kadoya, and H. F. Hofmann, "Directional control of light by a nano-optical YagiUda antenna," Nat. Photon., Vol. 4, 312-315, 2010.
doi:10.1038/nphoton.2010.34        Google Scholar

14. Liu, X. and A. Alu, "Subwavelength leaky-wave optical nanoantennas: Directive radiation from linear arrays of plasmonic nanoparticles," Phys. Rev. B, Vol. 82, 144305, 2010.
doi:10.1103/PhysRevB.82.144305        Google Scholar

15. Wang, Y., A. S. Helmy, and G. V. Eleftheriades, "Ultra-wideband optical leaky-wave slot antennas," Opt. Express, Vol. 19, 12392-12401, 2011.
doi:10.1364/OE.19.012392        Google Scholar

16. Novotny, L. and S. J. Stranick, "Near-field optical microscopy and spectroscopy with pointed probes," Ann. Rev. Phys. Chem., Vol. 57, 303331, 2006.
doi:10.1146/annurev.physchem.56.092503.141236        Google Scholar

17. Yousefi, L. and A. C. Foster, "Waveguide-fed optical hybrid plasmonic patch nano-antenna," Opt. Express, Vol. 20, 195111, 2012.
doi:10.1364/OE.20.018326        Google Scholar

18. Ooi, K. J. A., P. Bai, M. X. Gu, and L. K. Ang, "Design of a monopole-antenna-based resonant nanocavity for detection of optical power from hybrid plasmonic waveguides," Opt. Express, Vol. 19, 17075-17085, 2011.
doi:10.1364/OE.19.017075        Google Scholar

19. Yaacobi, A., E. Timurdogan, and M. R. Watts, "Vertical emitting aperture nanoantennas," Opt. Letters, Vol. 37, 1454-1456, 2012.
doi:10.1364/OL.37.001454        Google Scholar

20. Song, Q., S. Campione, O. Boyraz, and F. Capolino, "Silicon-based optical leaky wave antenna with narrow beam radiation," Opt. Express, Vol. 19, 8735-8749, 2011.
doi:10.1364/OE.19.008735        Google Scholar

21. Sacher, W. D., Y. Huang, L. Ding, B. J. F. Taylor, H. Jayatilleka, G. Lo, and J. K. S. Poon, "Wide bandwidth and high coupling efficiency Si3N4-on-SOI dual-level grating coupler," Opt. Express, Vol. 22, 10938-10947, 2014.
doi:10.1364/OE.22.010938        Google Scholar

22. Alam, M. Z., J. Meier, J. S. Aitchison, and M. Mojahedi, "Super mode propagation in low index medium," Quantum Electronics and Laser Science Conference, JThD112, 2007.        Google Scholar

23. Dai, D. and S. He, "A silicon-based hybrid plasmonic waveguide with a metal cap for a nano-scale light confinement," Opt. Express, Vol. 17, 16646-16653, 2009.
doi:10.1364/OE.17.016646        Google Scholar

24. Salvador, R., A. Martinez, C. Garcia-Meca, R. Ortuno, and J. Marti, "Analysis of hybrid dielectric plasmonic waveguides," Selected Topics in Quantum Electronics, IEEE Journal, Vol. 14, 1496-1501, 2008.
doi:10.1109/JSTQE.2008.920035        Google Scholar

25. Avrutsky, I., R. Soref, and W. Buchwald, "Sub-wavelength plasmonic modes in a conductor-gap-dielectric system with a nanoscale gap," Opt. Express, Vol. 18, 348-363, 2010.
doi:10.1364/OE.18.000348        Google Scholar

26. Wu, M., Z. Han, and V. Van, "Conductor-gap-silicon plasmonic waveguides and passive components at subwavelength scale," Opt. Express, Vol. 18, 11728-11736, 2010.
doi:10.1364/OE.18.011728        Google Scholar

27. Pitarke, J. M., V. M. Silkin, E. V. Chulkov, and P. M. Echenique, "Theory of surface plasmons and surface-plasmon polaritons,", Reports on Progress in Physics, Vol. 70, 1, 2007.        Google Scholar

28. Balanis, C. A., Antenna Theory: Analysis and Design, 3rd edition, Wiley, 2005.

29. Johnson, P. B. and R. W. Christy, "Optical constants of the noble metals," Phys. Rev. B, Vol. 6, 4370, 1972.
doi:10.1103/PhysRevB.6.4370        Google Scholar