PIER Letters | PIER Journals

2018-08-15

PIER Letters

Vol. 77, 137-143, 2018

download: 224

A Wideband Omnidirectional Printed Array Antenna

Yang Yu Yong-Zhong Zhu Weiguo Dang

This letter presents an omnidirectional printed dipole antenna array with a wide bandwidth. The array is composed of four dipole units etched on a thin substrate, which is simple in structure and easy to be processed. By modifying the triangle-shaped radiation dipole units and gradually increasing the width of microstrip feeding transmission line, the performance of the dipole antenna array is greatly improved. Simulation results show that this omnidirectional antenna has a peak gain greater than 7.39 dBi, and the impedance bandwidth is 16% (VSWR<1.6), ranging from 2.3 to 2.7 GHz.

A WIDEBAND OMNIDIRECTIONAL PRINTED ARRAY ANTENNA

2018-08-11

PIER Letters

Vol. 77, 129-136, 2018

doi:10.2528/PIERL18062503

download: 190

Improving the Performance of Profiled Conical Horn Using Polynomial Interpolation and Targeting the Region of Interest

Gupta Jay Vishnu Dhaval A. Pujara

In this paper, design of a profiled conical horn using piecewise biarc hermite polynomial interpolation is proposed. In order to improve the performance of the horn, a novel concept of `targeting the Region of Interest (RoI)' is used. The target specifications are decided based on the applicability of the horn in a reflectometry system for plasma diagnostics (D-band). Apart from the design details, the simulated results of the proposed horn are covered.

IMPROVING THE PERFORMANCE OF PROFILED CONICAL HORN USING POLYNOMIAL INTERPOLATION AND TARGETING THE REGION OF INTEREST

2018-08-01

PIER Letters

Vol. 77, 123-128, 2018

doi:10.2528/PIERL18062508

download: 201

A Balanced Bandpass Filter with Ultra-Wide Stopband and Common-Mode Suppression

Zhi-Jie Yang Yang-Yang Shan Xin-Tong Zou Feng Wei Bin Li

A balanced-to-balanced (BTB) bandpass filter (BPF) with an ultra-wide upper stopband is proposed in this letter. The proposed BPF is fed by balanced stepped-impedance microstrip-to-slotline transition structures. Good differential-mode (DM) transmission and common-mode (CM) suppression can be achieved intrinsically. To achieve good quality in DM passband and out-of-band suppression, a pair of dual-mode resonators has been designed and adopted. Meanwhile, the proposed balanced BPF exhibits an ultra-wide upper stopband of 162.7%. In order to verify the feasibility of the design method, a balanced BPF with a centre frequency of 1.57 GHz has been fabricated and measured. Measured results indicate that the designed filter achieves an out-of-band rejection better than 15 dB from 1.85 to 18 GHz, and the insertion loss (IL) inside the passband less than 1.4 dB. A good agreement between the simulation and measurement results demonstrates the validity of the design.

A BALANCED BANDPASS FILTER WITH ULTRA-WIDE STOPBAND AND COMMON-MODE SUPPRESSION

2018-07-31

PIER Letters

Vol. 77, 117-122, 2018

doi:10.2528/PIERL18032605

download: 201

Printed Frequency Scanning Antenna Array with Wide Scanning Angle Range

Liaori Jidi Xiang-Yu Cao Xuewen Zhu Bowen Zhu

Leaky-wave radiations are usually generated by leaking the electromagnetic energy gradually over a structure. By using the coupling effect and leaky-wave properties, this paper designs a novel 1-D frequency scanning antenna array. The antenna is intended for the direct imaging radar sensors. The simulated results show that the scanning angle can stay in the range from -60˚ to 30˚. The proposed 1-D antenna array was manufactured, and the measured results are consistent with the simulated ones.

PRINTED FREQUENCY SCANNING ANTENNA ARRAY WITH WIDE SCANNING ANGLE RANGE

2018-07-30

PIER Letters

Vol. 77, 109-115, 2018

doi:10.2528/PIERL18050505

download: 206

Terahertz Polariton Dispersion in Uniaxial Optical Crystals

Seiji Kojima

Phonon-polariton is the coupled excitation between optical phonon and photon. The remarkable frequency vs. wavevector dispersion relation of phonon-polariton contributes to important technological applications such as tunable terahertz radiation sources and basic materials science to clarify the terahertz dynamics of condensed matter such as lattice instability in ferroelectrics. This paper studies the broadband dispersion relation of phonon-polariton between 10 cm^-1 and 1200 cm^-1 in uniaxial ferroeletric crystals, LiNbO₃ (LN) and LiTaO₃ (LT) with polar trigonal system on the basis of the observed results using THz-Raman spectroscopy, THz time domain spectroscopy, and far-infrared spectroscopy. The dispersion on the lowest-frequency TO mode with A1(z) symmetry of LN and LT crystals, which are assigned as ferroelectric soft modes, is discussed.

TERAHERTZ POLARITON DISPERSION IN UNIAXIAL OPTICAL CRYSTALS

2018-07-29

PIER Letters

Vol. 77, 103-107, 2018

doi:10.2528/PIERL18060404

download: 191

High-Order FDTD with Exponential Time Differencing Algorithm for Modeling Wave Propagation in Debye Dispersive Materials

Wei-Jun Chen Jun Tang

A high-order (HO) finite-difference time-domain (FDTD) method with exponential time differencing (ETD) algorithm is proposed to model electromagnetic wave propagation in Debye dispersive material in this paper. The proposed method introduces an auxiliary difference equation (ADE) technique which establishes the relationship between the electric displacement vector and electric field intensity with a differential equation in Debye dispersive media. The ETD algorithm is applied to the displacement vector and auxiliary difference variable in time domain, and the fourth-order central-difference discretization is used in space domain. One example with plane wave propagation in a Debye dispersive media is calculated. Compared with the conventional ETD-FDTD method, the results from our proposed method show its accuracy and efficiency for Debye dispersive media simulation.

HIGH-ORDER FDTD WITH EXPONENTIAL TIME DIFFERENCING ALGORITHM FOR MODELING WAVE PROPAGATION IN DEBYE DISPERSIVE MATERIALS

2018-07-20

PIER Letters

Vol. 77, 97-102, 2018

doi:10.2528/PIERL18030202

download: 168

Miniaturized HMSIW Dual-Band Filter Based on CSRRs and Microstrip Open-Stubs

Dan-Dan Lv Lingqin Meng Zhe Zou

A method is proposed for a half-mode substrate integrated waveguide (HMSIW) bandpass filter (BPF) to obtain dual-band below the cutoff frequency. Complementary split-ring resonators (CSRRs) and microstrip open-stubs are integrated on the top of an HMSIW cavity. The structure produces two center frequencies both below the cutoff frequency of the originalHMSIW without increasing the cavity size. Results indicate that the center frequencies are 2.95 GHz and 3.99 GHz, and 3 dBfractional bandwidths (FBWs) are 9.1% and 4.6%, respectively. There is a transmission zero between the two frequencies, which enhances the out-of-band suppression performance. The measured results are in good agreement with the simulated ones. This new combination not only obtains two usable passbands below the cutoff frequency, but also makes the filter more compact. The filter has some practical and application significance.

MINIATURIZED HMSIW DUAL-BAND FILTER BASED ON CSRRS AND MICROSTRIP OPEN-STUBS

2018-07-14

PIER Letters

Vol. 77, 89-96, 2018

doi:10.2528/PIERL18052501

download: 174

First-Order Minkowski Fractal Circularly Polarized Slot Loop Antenna with Simple Feeding Network for UHF RFID Reader

Xiuhui Yang Quanyuan Feng Zongliang Zheng

A circularly polarized (CP) antenna with simple feeding network for ultra-high-frequency (UHF) radio-frequency identification (RFID) reader application is presented in this letter. The proposed antenna consists of a slot loop etched on the ground and a simple feeding network using bended microstrip lines. And the two parts of the antenna are printed on either sides of a thin substrate, thus a low-profile antenna is obtained. The slot loop is meandered based on the first-order Minkowski fractal technique for antenna size reduction. To generate circularly polarized radiation, two branches of the feeding network are designed to be orthorhombic with 90° phase difference. The antenna is simulated and practically fabricated with a compact size of 80×80×1.6 mm³. The 10-dB impedance bandwidth and 3-dB axial-ratio (AR) bandwidth are measured to be 50 MHz (0.896-0.946 GHz) and 12 MHz (0.916-0.928 GHz), respectively. The measured peak gain exhibits stable value of 3 dBi over the impedance bandwidth. Furthermore, a wide 3-dB beamwidth of 120° is achieved for the proposed antenna. Based on the above, this antenna is well suited for applications in UHF RFID handheld readers.

FIRST-ORDER MINKOWSKI FRACTAL CIRCULARLY POLARIZED SLOT LOOP ANTENNA WITH SIMPLE FEEDING NETWORK FOR UHF RFID READER

2018-07-10

PIER Letters

Vol. 77, 81-88, 2018

doi:10.2528/PIERL18040704

download: 354

Design and Realization of Circular Polarized SIW Slot Array Antenna for Cubesat Intersatellite Links

Maha A. Maged Fatma El-Hefnawi Haitham M. Akah Abdelrahman El-Akhdar Hadia El-Hennawy

This paper presents the design and fabrication of an antenna based on Substrate Integrated Waveguide (SIW) for intersatellite crosslinks in C-band. The entire antenna consists of two elements of SIW slots array that is fed by a hybrid 3 dB directional coupler. The entire SIW slot array antenna is circularly polarized (CP), and each element has four longitudinal slots. The element's effective field matching is realized with a microstrip to SIW transition. The antenna design has been evaluated with its return loss, gain plot, and radiation pattern characteristics to validate the fabricated antenna. The fabricated prototype antenna radiates a left-handed circularly polarized (LHCP) electromagnetic wave with the peak gain of 5 dB and offers approximately 2% AR bandwidth around 5 GHz.

DESIGN AND REALIZATION OF CIRCULAR POLARIZED SIW SLOT ARRAY ANTENNA FOR CUBESAT INTERSATELLITE LINKS

2018-06-08

PIER Letters

Vol. 77, 73-80, 2018

doi:10.2528/PIERL18051406

download: 169

Wideband Tunable High Common-Mode Suppression Filter Based on Varactor-Loaded Slotted Ground

Hao-Yu Dai Lin Li

In this study, a varactor-loaded slotted ground structure is investigated and utilized to construct a new tunable common-mode (CM) suppression filter for differential signals. A four-port distributed equivalent circuit model is developed for interpreting the working mechanism of CM signal suppression. It is found that the proposed simple structure is capable of tunable CM suppression with a wide frequency tuning range. The parameter selection and design principle are also given. Finally, the design theory is well vindicated by a common-mode filter using three periodic varactorloaded slots. Simulated and measured results, showing good agreement, exhibit a tuning range from 0.80 to 2.10 GHz, corresponding to the fractional tuning range of 89.7% and more than 30 dB CM rejection level.

WIDEBAND TUNABLE HIGH COMMON-MODE SUPPRESSION FILTER BASED ON VARACTOR-LOADED SLOTTED GROUND

2018-06-06

PIER Letters

Vol. 77, 65-71, 2018

doi:10.2528/PIERL18041007

download: 437

High Q-Factor Narrow-Band Bandpass Filter Using Cylindrical Dielectric Resonators for X-Band Applications

Reza Karimzadeh-Jazi Mohammad Amin Honarvar Farzad Khajeh-Khalili

This paper presents a narrow-band bandpass filter (NBBPF) using three cylindrical dielectric resonators (CDRs) placed on three rectangular metallic cavities (RMCs). Two U-shaped planar resonators located between RMCs are used to realize narrow-band response effectively. The 3 dB fractional bandwidth (FBW) of the proposed filter is 0.275%. The filter is designed for X-band (9.85 GHz), with 20 MHz bandwidth for radar, satellite, and medical accelerators applications. High Q-factor (Q-factor = 400) and low fabrication cost are other advantages of the proposed design. The proposed NBBPF was fabricated, and its performance was measured to verify the design. Good agreement between the measured and simulated data is obtained.

HIGH Q-FACTOR NARROW-BAND BANDPASS FILTER USING CYLINDRICAL DIELECTRIC RESONATORS FOR X-BAND APPLICATIONS

2018-06-30

PIER Letters

Vol. 77, 59-64, 2018

doi:10.2528/PIERL18042606

download: 485

A Broadband Crossed Dipole Antenna with Wide Axial Ratio Beamwidth for Satellite Communications

Chao-Qiang Feng Fu-Shun Zhang Fu-Kun Sun

This letter presents a broadband circularly polarized (CP) crossed dipole antenna with wide axial ratio (AR) beamwidth. The antenna consists of a crossed dipole fed by two baluns, a wideband feed network and a cylindrical metallic cavity. To broaden the beamwidth, circular arms are introduced. Meanwhile, the metallic cavity is utilized to broaden the AR beamwidth. Measurements show that the antenna has an impedance bandwidth of 70.6% (1.87-3.91 GHz) for voltage standing wave ratio (VSWR) ≤ 2 and a 3-dB AR bandwidth of 62.4% (1.92-3.66 GHz). In addition, the 3-dB AR beamwidth of the antenna is larger than 100°, and the gain varies from 4 dBic to 6 dBic over the whole CP operation bandwidth. Owing to the high-gain and wideband operation, the proposed CP antenna is potentially capable for satellite applications and high-gain applications.

A BROADBAND CROSSED DIPOLE ANTENNA WITH WIDE AXIAL RATIO BEAMWIDTH FOR SATELLITE COMMUNICATIONS

2018-06-29

PIER Letters

Vol. 77, 51-57, 2018

doi:10.2528/PIERL18051701

download: 231

A Modified Gysel Power Divider with Arbitrary Power Dividing Ratio

Shiyong Chen Guoqiang Zhao Yantao Yu

A modified Gysel power divider with arbitrary power dividing ratio is proposed in this letter. The power dividing ratio of the proposed circuit is determined by both the electrical lengths and characteristic impedances of transmission lines. The proposed circuit is analyzed based on transmission line theory, and design equations are derived. For verification, two prototypes operating at 2 GHz with power dividing ratios of 1:1 and 4:1 are designed, fabricated and measured, respectively. The measured results are in good agreements with the simulated ones.

2018-06-28

PIER Letters

Vol. 77, 41-49, 2018

doi:10.2528/PIERL18042605

download: 153

UWB Antennas with Multiple Notched-Band Function

Bazil Taha-Ahmed Eva Morodo Lasa Pablo Sanchez Olivares Jose Luis Masa-Campos

In this article, a couple of monopole line-fed UWB antennas with different configurations are presented. Antenna shapes include a big circle overlapped with four small circles, and a two overlapped circles in the horizontal direction. Configurations include single element antenna, single element antenna with dual band reject filters, and polarization diversity antenna version. Measurements show that all antennas work well within almost the whole UWB. The polarization diversity version has a practical port isolation (S₁₂ and S₂₁) better than -15 dB, an Envelope Correlation Coefficient lower than 0.019 and a diversity gain higher than 9.96 dB.

UWB ANTENNAS WITH MULTIPLE NOTCHED-BAND FUNCTION

2018-06-28

PIER Letters

Vol. 77, 35-40, 2018

doi:10.2528/PIERL18042902

download: 170

A Ultra Compact Wideband Bandpass Filter Using a Quadmode Stub-Loaded Resonator

Zhi-Chong Zhang Haiwen Liu

An ultra compact microstrip wideband bandpass filter (BPF) using a quadmode stub-loaded resonator is presented in this letter. The resonant characteristics of the quadmode resonator are explored by adopting odd- and even-mode analysis. The four resonant frequencies of this resonator can be controlled independently. For demonstration purpose, a wideband BPF is designed, fabricated and measured. The measured results are in good agreement with the full-wave simulation results. The realized wideband filter exhibits a 3 dB fractional bandwidth (FBW) of 45% with good in-band filtering performance and sharp out-of-band rejection skirt.

A ULTRA COMPACT WIDEBAND BANDPASS FILTER USING A QUADMODE STUB-LOADED RESONATOR

2018-06-21

PIER Letters

Vol. 77, 27-33, 2018

doi:10.2528/PIERL18042203

download: 226

Design of Printed Monopole Antenna for Wireless Energy Meter and Smart Applications

Trushit K. Upadhyaya Arpan Desai Riki Patel

European smart energy meter applications operate over a smart grid network. These applications operate over ISM frequency bands. The proposed dual-band printed monopole antenna provides a solution to smart energy meter applications. The surface dimension of the planar monopole antenna is 45 x 17 mm². The antenna has strips fabricated on a standard cost-effective FR-4 substrate of thickness 1.6 mm for achieving dual-mode resonance at 868 MHz and 2.4 GHz. The proposed monopole antenna has operating impedance bandwidth of 2.89% and 2.78% for the first and second resonances, respectively. The gain of the presented antenna is in order of 1.18 dBi for lower resonant mode and 2.1 dBi for the higher resonant mode. The antenna resonates in the frequency range which is also useful in smart RFID tags for device identification operating over smart grid. In addition, the antenna can be utilized for the devices functional in Low Rate Wireless Personal Area Networks (LR-WPAN) and WiFi-based smart applications.

DESIGN OF PRINTED MONOPOLE ANTENNA FOR WIRELESS ENERGY METER AND SMART APPLICATIONS

2018-06-13

PIER Letters

Vol. 77, 19-25, 2018

doi:10.2528/PIERL18032202

download: 160

The Use of the Fractional Derivatives Approach to Solve the Problem of Diffraction of a Cylindrical Wave on an Impedance Strip

Eldar I. Veliyev Kamil Karaçuha Ertuğrul Karaçuha Osman Dur

Earlier, we considered the use of the apparatus of fractional derivatives to solve the two-dimensional problem of diffraction of a plane wave on an impedance strip. We introduced the concept of a ``fractional strip''. A ``fractional strip'' is understood as a strip on the surface, which is subject to fractional boundary conditions (FBC). The problem under consideration on the basis of various methods has been studied quite well. As a rule, this problem is studied on the basis of numerical methods. The proposed approach, as will be shown below, makes it possible to obtain an analytical solution of the problem for values of fractional order v = 0.5 and for fractional values of the interval v∈[0,1], the general solution needs to be investigated numerically.

THE USE OF THE FRACTIONAL DERIVATIVES APPROACH TO SOLVE THE PROBLEM OF DIFFRACTION OF A CYLINDRICAL WAVE ON AN IMPEDANCE STRIP

2018-06-12

PIER Letters

Vol. 77, 13-18, 2018

doi:10.2528/PIERL18032604

download: 131

Half-Mode SIW BPF Loaded with s -Shaped Complementary Spiral Resonators

Feng Wei Hao Jie Yue Jing-Pan Song Hong Yi Kang Bin Li

A compact wideband bandpass filter (BPF) based on half-mode substrate integrated waveguide (HMSIW) is proposed in this paper. The proposed BPF is achieved by etching a couple of S-shaped complementary spiral resonators (S-CSRs) on the top layer of HMSIW cavity to achieve a wide passband as well as generate two transmission zeros in the vicinity of the passband respectively to improve the selectivity. In addition, compared with a conventional CSRs-loaded HMSIW structure, the proposed S-CSRs-loaded HMSIW makes the overall size of the filter largely reduced with the same electrical length. Among the HMSIW structures ever reported, the proposed S-CSRs are the first time to be introduced into HMSIW. To validate its practicability, a compact wideband HMSIW BPF loaded with S-SCRs has been designed and implemented through the PCB process. The measured and simulated S-parameters of the filter are presented to show the proposed filter's predicted performance, and good agreements is obtained between them. This result demonstrates that the newly proposed HMSIW structure loaded with S-CSRs is an excellent candidate for compact filters.

HALF-MODE SIW BPF LOADED WITH S-SHAPED COMPLEMENTARY SPIRAL RESONATORS

2018-06-12

PIER Letters

Vol. 77, 7-12, 2018

doi:10.2528/PIERL18041806

download: 242

Substrate Integrated Waveguide Without Metallized Wall Posts

Arimpoorpallan Lindo Anju Mathews Aanandan Chandroth

A simplified design of substrate integrated waveguide (SIW) is proposed here. The requirement of side walls using via which is quite cumbersome in the manufacturing process is eliminated in this structure. The design is based on producing an imaginary electric boundary by exciting the SIW using differential feed. It behaves as a pair of half mode substrate integrated waveguides (HMSIWs) sharing a common electric boundary. The new structure gives similar characteristics of the conventional SIW in terms of cutoff frequency, stopband rejection and operating bandwidth.

SUBSTRATE INTEGRATED WAVEGUIDE WITHOUT METALLIZED WALL POSTS

2018-06-12

PIER Letters

Vol. 77, 1-6, 2018

doi:10.2528/PIERL18042801

download: 103

Bandstop Characteristic of Inclined Straight Slot Embedded in Microstrip Line

Xiuhua Jin Xiao-Dong Huang

When a narrow straight slot is etched obliquely in the upper metallic strip of a microstrip line, a bandstop response can be observed from the terminations of the microstrip line. The whole circuit behaves as a single-stage bandstop filter, of which the center operation frequency and the fractional bandwidth can be adjusted by changing the length and the inclined angle of the slot, almost independently. Parametric studies are made to demonstrate the filtering performance, via numerical simulations. An LC equivalent circuit model is given to explain the bandstop behavior, shows its potential use in high order filter design. Samples are designed, fabricated and measured for verification, the experiment results show that the filters have good bandstop performance. It can be used as an alternative or complementary candidate for the traditional spur-line bandstop filter.