volume | PIER Journals

Abstract

In this paper, a fast time domain imaging algorithm called bistatic forward-looking fast factorized backprojection algorithm (BF-FFBPA) based on sub-aperture and sub-image is proposed for general bistatic forward-looking synthetic aperture radar (BFSAR) with arbitrary motion. It can not only accurately dispose the large spatial variant range cell migrations and complicated motion errors, but also achieve high imaging efficiency. First, the imaging geometry and signal model are established, and the implementation of backprojection algorithm (BPA) in the BFSAR imaging is given to provide a basis for the proposed BF-FFBPA. Then, considering motion errors, the more accurate requirements of splitting sub-aperture and sub-image in the BF-FFBPA is introduced based on the range error analysis to offer the tradeoff between the imaging quality and efficiency. Finally, the implementation and computational burden of the BF-FFBPA is provided and analyzed. Simulated results and evaluations are given to prove the correctness of the theory analysis and the validity of the proposed approach.

1. Cumming, I. G. and F. H. Wong, Digital Processing of Synthetic Aperture Radar Data: Algorithms and Implementation, Artech House, 2005.

2. An, D. X., Y. H. Li, X. T. Huang, X. Y. Li, and Z. M. Zhou, "Performance evaluation of frequencydomain algorithms for chirped low frequency UWB SAR data processing," IEEE J. Sel. Topics Appl. Earth Observ., Vol. 7, No. 2, 678-690, 2014.
doi:10.1109/JSTARS.2013.2265272 Google Scholar

3. Xie, X. T., D. X. An, X. T. Huang, and Z. M. Zhou, "Fast time-domain imaging in elliptical polar coordinate for general bistatic VHF/UHF ultra-wideband SAR with arbitrary motion," IEEE J. Sel. Topics Appl. Earth Observ., Vol. 8, No. 2, 879-895, 2014.
doi:10.1109/JSTARS.2014.2347413 Google Scholar

4. Chen, S., Y. Yuan, S. N. Zhang, H. C. Zhao, and Y. Chen, "A new imaging algorithm for forwardlooking missile-borne bistatic SAR," IEEE J. Sel. Topics Appl. Earth Observ., Vol. 9, No. 4, 1543-1552, 2016.
doi:10.1109/JSTARS.2015.2507260 Google Scholar

5. Yang, J. Y., Y. L. Huang, H. G. Yang, J. J. Wu, W. C. Li, Z. Y. Li, and X. B. Yang, "A first experiment of airborne bistatic forward-looking SAR preliminary results," Proc IEEE Int. Geosci. Remote Sens. Symp. (IGARSS), 4202-4204, Melbourne, VIC, Australia, 2013. Google Scholar

6. Espeter, T., I. Walterscheid, J. Klare, A. R. Brenner, and J. H. G. Ender, "Bistatic forwardlooking SAR: Results of a spaceborne-airborne experiment," IEEE Geosci. Remote Sens. Lett., Vol. 8, No. 4, 765-768, 2011.
doi:10.1109/LGRS.2011.2108635 Google Scholar

7. Wu, J. J., Y. L. Huang, J. Y. Yang, W. C. Li, and H. G. Yang, "First results of bistatic forwardlooking SAR with stationary transmitter," Proc IEEE Int. Geosci. Remote Sens. Symp. (IGARSS), 1223-1226, Vancouver, BC, Canada, 2011. Google Scholar

8. Walterscheid, I., A. R. Brenner, and J. Klare, "Radar imaging with very low grazing angles in a bistatic forward-looking configuration," Proc IEEE Int. Geosci. Remote Sens. Symp. (IGARSS), 327-330, Munich, Germany, 2012. Google Scholar

9. Zhang, H. R., Y. Wang, and J. W. Li, "New applications of parameter-adjusting polar format algorithm in spotlight forward-looking bistatic SAR processing," Proc. Asian Pacific Synth. Aperture Radar (APSAR), 384-387, Tsukuba, Japan, 2013. Google Scholar

10. Sun, J. P., Y. Lv, W. Hong, and S. Y. Mao, "The polar format imaging algorithm for forwardlooking bistatic SAR," Proc. Eur. Conf. Synth. Aperture Radar (EUSAR), 1-4, Friedrichshafen, Germany, 2008. Google Scholar

11. Shin, H. S. and J. T. Lim, "Omega-k algorithm for airborne forward-looking bistatic spotlight SAR imaging," IEEE Geosci. Remote Sens. Lett., Vol. 6, No. 2, 312-316, 2009.
doi:10.1109/LGRS.2008.2011924 Google Scholar

12. Wu, J. J., J. Y. Yang, Y. L. Huang, and H. G. Yang, "Focusing bistatic forward-looking SAR using chirp scaling algorithm," Proc. IEEE Radar Conf. (RADAR), 1036-1039, Kansas, MO, USA, 2011. Google Scholar

13. Rodriguez-Cassola, M., P. Prats, G. Krieger, and A. Moreira, "Efficient time-domain image formation with precise topography accommodation for general bistatic SAR configurations," IEEE Trans. Aerosp. Electron. Syst., Vol. 47, No. 4, 2949-2966, 2011.
doi:10.1109/TAES.2011.6034676 Google Scholar

14. Vu, V. T. and M. I. Pettersson, "Fast backprojection algorithms based on subapertures and local polar coordinates for general bistatic airborne SAR systems," IEEE Trans. Geosci. Remote Sens., Vol. 54, No. 5, 2706-2712, 2016.
doi:10.1109/TGRS.2015.2504787 Google Scholar

15. Vu, V. T., T. K. Sjogren, and M. I. Pettersson, "SAR imaging in ground plane using fast backprojection for mono- and bistatic cases," Proc. IEEE Radar Conf. (RADAR), 0184-0189, Atlanta, GA, USA, 2012. Google Scholar

16. Shao, Y. F., R. Wang, Y. K. Deng, Y. Liu, R. P. Chen, G. Liu, and O. Loffeld, "Fast backprojection algorithm for bistatic SAR imaging," IEEE Geosci. Remote Sens. Lett., Vol. 10, No. 5, 1080-1084, 2013.
doi:10.1109/LGRS.2012.2230243 Google Scholar

17. Vu, V. T., T. K. Sjogren, and M. I. Pettersson, "Fast time-domain algorithms for UWB bistatic SAR processing," IEEE Trans. Aerosp. Electron. Syst., Vol. 3, No. 49, 1982-1994, 2013.
doi:10.1109/TAES.2013.6558032 Google Scholar

Dr. Dong Feng

Dr. Dao Xiang An

Dr. Xiao-Tao Huang