2019-03-30
A 3D Stokes Framework for Wireless Depolarized Channels
By
Progress In Electromagnetics Research Letters, Vol. 83, 71-76, 2019
Abstract
In severe multipath channels, depolarization of wireless signals has been shown to be a three dimensional effect. This work herein presents and applies a 3D Stokes vector framework for such depolarization. Empirical data are used to illustrate the capabilities of this framework (specifically, polarization purity indices and direction of propagation) to describe depolarization behavior for three different wireless channels.
Citation
Marcia Golmohamadi, and Jeff Frolik, "A 3D Stokes Framework for Wireless Depolarized Channels," Progress In Electromagnetics Research Letters, Vol. 83, 71-76, 2019.
doi:10.2528/PIERL19012104
References

1. Frolik, J., V. Sipal, and D. J. Edwards, "Leveraging depolarization to increase the link reliability for wireless sensors operating in Hyper-Rayleigh environments," Sensors Journal, Vol. 14, No. 8, 2442-2446, IEEE, 2014.
doi:10.1109/JSEN.2013.2284576        Google Scholar

2. Andrews, M. R., P. P. Mitra, et al. "Tripling the capacity of wireless communications using electromagnetic polarization," Nature, Vol. 409, No. 6818, 316-318, 2001.
doi:10.1038/35053015        Google Scholar

3. Ellis, J. and A. Dogariu, "On the degree of polarization of random electromagnetic fields," Optics Communications, Vol. 253, No. 4-6, 257-265, 2005.
doi:10.1016/j.optcom.2005.05.020        Google Scholar

4. Dennis, M. R., "A three-dimensional degree of polarization based on Rayleigh scattering," JOSA A, Vol. 24, No. 7, 2065-2069, 2007.
doi:10.1364/JOSAA.24.002065        Google Scholar

5. Dao, M.-T., V.-A. Nguyen, Y.-T. Im, S.-O. Park, and G. Yoon, "3D polarized channel modeling and performance comparison of MIMO antenna configurations with different polarizations," IEEE Transactions on Antennas and Propagation, Vol. 59, No. 7, 2672-2682, 2011.
doi:10.1109/TAP.2011.2152319        Google Scholar

6. Pratt, T. G., H. Tapse, B. Walkenhorst, and G. Acosta-Marum, "A modified XPC characterization for polarimetric channels," IEEE Transactions on Vehicular Technology, Vol. 60, No. 7, 2904-2913, 2011.
doi:10.1109/TVT.2011.2159035        Google Scholar

7. Migliaccio, M., J. J. Gil, A. Sorrentino, F. Nunziata, and G. Ferrara, "The polarization purity of the electromagnetic field in a reverberating chamber," IEEE Transactions on Electromagnetic Compatibility, Vol. 58, No. 3, 694-700, 2016.
doi:10.1109/TEMC.2016.2528503        Google Scholar

8. Carozzi, T., R. Karlsson, and J. Bergman, "Parameters characterizing electromagnetic wave polarization," Physical Review E, Vol. 61, No. 2, 2024, 2000.
doi:10.1103/PhysRevE.61.2024        Google Scholar

9. Bosyk, G., G. Bellomo, and A. Luis, "Polarization monotones of two-dimensional and threedimensional random electromagnetic fields," Physical Review A, Vol. 97, No. 2, 023804, 2018.
doi:10.1103/PhysRevA.97.023804        Google Scholar

10. Brosseau, C. and R. Barakat, "Dimensionality of the coherency matrix in polarization optics," Optics Communications, Vol. 91, No. 5-6, 408-415, 1992.
doi:10.1016/0030-4018(92)90368-2        Google Scholar

11. Setälä, T., A. Shevchenko, M. Kaivola, and A. T. Friberg, "Degree of polarization for optical near fields," Physical Review E, Vol. 66, No. 1, 016615, 2002.
doi:10.1103/PhysRevE.66.016615        Google Scholar

12. Sabry, R., "A novel field scattering formulation for polarimetric synthetic aperture radar: 3D scattering and stokes vectors," Progress In Electromagnetics Research M, Vol. 27, 129-150, 2012.
doi:10.2528/PIERM12061910        Google Scholar

13. Gil, J. J. and I. San José, "3D polarimetric purity," Optics Communications, Vol. 283, No. 22, 4430-4434, 2010.
doi:10.1016/j.optcom.2010.04.090        Google Scholar

14. Ramirez, R. A., M. Golmohamadi, J. Frolik, and T. M. Weller, "3D printed on-package tripolar antennas for mitigating harsh channel conditions," 2017 IEEE Radio and Wireless Symposium (RWS), 62-64, IEEE, 2017.
doi:10.1109/RWS.2017.7885946        Google Scholar

15. Konanur, A., K. Gosalia, S. Krishnamurthy, B. Hughes, and G. Lazzi, "Increasing wireless channel capacity through MIMO systems employing co-located antennas," IEEE Transactions on Microwave Theory and Techniques, Vol. 53, No. 6, 1837-1844, June 2005.
doi:10.1109/TMTT.2005.848105        Google Scholar