2023-09-14
H -Matrix Solver for the Acceleration of Boundary Integral Equation for Photonic Crystal Fiber
By
Progress In Electromagnetics Research M, Vol. 119, 25-35, 2023
Abstract
A waveguide mode solver based on boundary integral equation (BIE) method and matrix compression is developed in this study. Using an accurate discretization based on a Nystrom method and a kernel-splitting technique, the BIE method gives rise to three different formulations of a nonlinear eigenvalue problem. H-matrices are used in order to accelerate and increase the precision of the subsequent computations. Results from these investigations on a canonical photonic crystal fiber (PCF) chosen as an example demonstrate that the data sparse representation of the BIE discretization reduces the memory storage, as well as the assembly and solution times.
Citation
Jean-René Poirier, Julien Vincent, Priscillia Daquin, Ronan Perrussel, and Han Cheng Seat, "H -Matrix Solver for the Acceleration of Boundary Integral Equation for Photonic Crystal Fiber," Progress In Electromagnetics Research M, Vol. 119, 25-35, 2023.
doi:10.2528/PIERM23032408
References

1. Russel, P., "Photonic crystal fibers," Science, Vol. 299, No. 5605, 358-362, Jan. 2003.
doi:10.1126/science.1079280        Google Scholar

2. Vassallo, C., Optical Waveguide Concepts, Elsevier, Amsterdam, 1991.

3. Chiou, Y. P., Y. C. Chiang, C. H. Lai, C. H. Du, and H. C. Chang, "Finite difference modeling of dielectric waveguides with corners and slanted facets," Journal of Lightwave Technology, Vol. 27, No. 12, 2077-2086, Dec. 2009.
doi:10.1109/JLT.2008.2006862        Google Scholar

4. Brechet, F., J. Marcou, D. Pagnoux, and P. Roy, "Complete analysis of the characteristics of propagation into photonic crystal fibers by the finite element method," Optical Fiber Technology, Vol. 6, 181-191, Apr. 2000.
doi:10.1006/ofte.1999.0320        Google Scholar

5. Selleri, S., L. Vincetti, L. A. Cucinotta, and M. Zoboli, "Complex FEM modal solver of optical waveguides with PML boundary conditions," Optical Quantum Electronics, Vol. 33, 359-371, 2001.
doi:10.1023/A:1010886632146        Google Scholar

6. Monro, T. M., D. J. Richardson, N. G. R. Broderick, and P. J. Bennett, "Modeling large air fraction holey optical fibers," Journal of Lightwave Technology, Vol. 18, No. 1, 50-56, Jan. 2000.
doi:10.1109/50.818906        Google Scholar

7. Alivizatos, E. G., I. D. Chremmos, N. L. Tsitsas, and N. K. Uzunoglu, "Green's-function method for the analysis of propagation in holey fibers," Journal of Optical Society of America, Vol. 21, No. 5, 847-857, May 2004.
doi:10.1364/JOSAA.21.000847        Google Scholar

8. White, T. P., B. T. Kuhlmey, R. C. Mcphedran, D. Maystre, G. Renversez, C. Martijn de Sterke, and L. C. Botten, "Multipole method for microstructured optical fibers. I. Formulation," Journal of Optical Society of America, Vol. 19, No. 10, 2322-2330, Oct. 2002.
doi:10.1364/JOSAB.19.002322        Google Scholar

9. Lu, W. and Y. Y. Lu, "Efficient boundary integral equation method for photonic crystal fibers," Journal of Lightwave Technology, Vol. 30, No. 11, 1610-1616, Jun. 2012.
doi:10.1109/JLT.2012.2189355        Google Scholar

10. Lu, W. and Y. Y. Lu, "Efficient high order waveguide mode solvers based on boundary integral equations," Journal of Computational Physics, Vol. 272, 507-525, Apr. 2014.
doi:10.1016/j.jcp.2014.04.028        Google Scholar

11. Song, J. and W. C. Chew, "Multilevel fast-multipole algorithm for solving combined field integral equations of electromagnetic scattering," Microwave and Optical Technology Letters, Vol. 10, 14-19, 1995.
doi:10.1002/mop.4650100107        Google Scholar

12. Bebendorf, M., "Approximation of boundary element matrices," Numerische Mathematik, Vol. 86, 565-589, 2000.
doi:10.1007/PL00005410        Google Scholar

13. Grasedyck, L. and W. Hackbusch, "Construction and arithmetics of H-matrices," Computing, Vol. 70, 295-334, 2003.
doi:10.1007/s00607-003-0019-1        Google Scholar

14. Beyn, W.-J., "An integral method for solving nonlinear eigenvalue problems," Linear Algebra and Its Applications, Vol. 436, No. 10, 3839-3863, 2012.
doi:10.1016/j.laa.2011.03.030        Google Scholar

15. Kress, R., "On the numerical solution of a hypersingular integral equation in scattering theory," Journal of Computational and Applied Mathematics, Vol. 61, 345-360, Jun. 1995.
doi:10.1016/0377-0427(94)00073-7        Google Scholar

16. Cheng, R., W. Y. Crutchfield, M. Doery, and L. Greengard, "Fast, accurate integral equation methods for the analysis of photonic crystal fibers. I: Theory," Optics Express, Vol. 12, No. 16, 3791-3805, 2004.
doi:10.1364/OPEX.12.003791        Google Scholar

17. Bebendorf, M., "Hierarchical matrices --- A means to efficiently solve elliptic boundary value problems," Lecture Notes in Computational Science and Engineering, Springer, 2008.        Google Scholar

18. Bebendorf, M., "A hierarchical LU decomposition-based preconditioners for BEM," Computing, Vol. 74, 225-247, 2005.
doi:10.1007/s00607-004-0099-6        Google Scholar

19. Daquin, P., R. Perrussel, and J.-R. Poirier, "Hybrid cross approximation for the electric field integral equation," Progress In Electromagnetics Research M, Vol. 75, 79-90, 2018.
doi:10.2528/PIERM18052803        Google Scholar

20. Soudais, P., "Iterative solution of a 3-D scattering problem from arbitrary shaped multidielectric and multiconducting bodies," IEEE Transactions on Antennas and Propagation, Vol. 42, No. 7, 954-959, Jul. 1994.
doi:10.1109/8.299597        Google Scholar