volume | PIER Journals

Abstract

This research explores the versatility of a miniature reconfigurable antenna designed for a variety of wireless applications: 5G (IEEE 802.15.3), WLAN (IEEE 802.11), V2X (IEEE 802.11 p), WiMAX (IEEE 802.166), Wi-Fi 6E (IEEE 802.11 ax), Wi-Fi 7 (IEEE 802.11 be), C-band (from 4 GHz to 8 GHz), and X-band (from 8 GHz to 12 GHz). The antenna utilizes an FR4-Epoxy substrate with a thickness of 1.6 mm and a relative permittivity of 4.3. To enable frequency reconfigurability, the patch is equipped with two PIN diodes, which can be positioned at different locations to adjust the antenna's operational frequency range. This reconfigurability allows the antenna to maintain its size while changing its frequency range according to the state of the PIN diodes. The strength of our work lies in achieving exceptional electrical performance while maintaining a small size, cost-effective, and compact design. The antenna demonstrates an almost omnidirectional radiation pattern across all frequency ranges. Additionally, the simulated reflection coefficient remains within the ideal range for every frequency band. The antenna's overall dimension is 22 × 18 × 1.6 mm³ (λ_o/4 × λ_o/5 × λ_o/56) (with λ_o being the free space wavelength at the lowest resonating frequency and for the proposed antenna its value equal to 91.18 mm) with a miniaturization rate equal to 75.25%. This compact antenna is designed to operate across multiple frequencies, making it suitable for various applications, particularly in wireless communication systems. Its versatility also makes it a promising candidate for future portable devices, sensor networks, and telecommunication applications. The performance metrics, including return loss and radiation pattern, are presented, demonstrating strong performance across these parameters. The analyses were conducted using the CST Studio Suite, which provided detailed insights into the antenna's functionality and effectiveness.

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Dr. Salah Eddine El Aoud

Dr. Hind Abbaoui

Dr. Omaima Benkhadda

Dr. Sanae Attioui

Dr. Nasima El Assri

Dr. Saïda Ibnyaich

Dr. Abdelouhab Zeroual

Dr. Mohd Muzafar Ismail

Professor Ahmed Jamal Abdullah Al-Gburi