volume | PIER Journals

Abstract

A polarization reconfigurable metasurface broadband antenna has been proposed. A 2×2 metasurface was used to achieve circular polarization (CP) characteristics, and four resistors were embedded to achieve linear polarization (LP). Among them, characteristic mode analysis (CMA) was used to discover the CP characteristics of the metasurface. Adding resistors changed the direction of the mode current, which causes CP to switch to LP state. The design results were validated through fabrication and measurement. The measured results show that the impedance bandwidth (IBW) is 21.1%, the axial ratio bandwidth (ARBW) 12.9%, the peak gain (PG) 7.7 dBic at 6.8 GHz in the CP state, its IBW 21.0%, the PG 4.7 dBi at 7.0 GHz in the LP state. The proposed antenna has the characteristics of broadband, polarization reconfigurability, easy processing, and low cost, and its operating frequency can be used in the C-band of wireless communication.

1. Gu, Wei Dong and Yao Zhang, "A type of dual/circularly-polarized filtering dipole antenna design based on coupled lines," IEEE Antennas and Wireless Propagation Letters, Vol. 24, No. 2, 489-493, Feb. 2025.

2. Sun, Xiao-Yuan, Bian Wu, Hong-Hao Zhang, Ke-Xin Guo, Han-Yu Xie, Xiang-Zhuang Song, and Tao Su, "Ultrawideband circularly polarized halved-type Vivaldi antenna with symmetrical radiation pattern," IEEE Antennas and Wireless Propagation Letters, Vol. 23, No. 2, 633-637, Feb. 2024.

3. Zhang, Li, Jian-Wei Liu, Bo Chen, Liang-Yong Yi, Dian Liu, Zi-Bin Weng, and Yong-Chang Jiao, "A dual-port dual-wideband dual-sense circularly polarized DRA with a novel feeding mechanism," IEEE Open Journal of Antennas and Propagation, Vol. 6, No. 1, 229-234, Feb. 2025.

4. Li, Tong, Huiqing Zhai, Xin Wang, Long Li, and Changhong Liang, "Frequency-reconfigurable bow-tie antenna for Bluetooth, WiMAX, and WLAN applications," IEEE Antennas and Wireless Propagation Letters, Vol. 14, 171-174, 2015.

5. Cai, Yuan-Ming, Steven Gao, Yingzeng Yin, Wenting Li, and Qi Luo, "Compact-size low-profile wideband circularly polarized omnidirectional patch antenna with reconfigurable polarizations," IEEE Transactions on Antennas and Propagation, Vol. 64, No. 5, 2016-2021, May 2016.

6. Han, Shiqi, Zhan Wang, and Yuandan Dong, "Miniaturized circularly polarized reconfigurable capacitance-loaded patch antenna," IEEE Antennas and Wireless Propagation Letters, Vol. 23, No. 4, 1226-1230, Apr. 2024.

7. Li, Junfeng, Bian Wu, Jiaqi Zhou, Chi Fan, and Ying Liu, "Impedance regulation of graphene-loaded branch for frequency-reconfigurable antenna with enhanced radiation efficiency," IEEE Antennas and Wireless Propagation Letters, Vol. 23, No. 3, 1065-1069, Mar. 2024.

8. Chen, Zhe, Hao-Zhan Li, Hang Wong, Wei He, Jian Ren, and Tao Yuan, "A frequency-reconfigurable dielectric resonator antenna with a water layer," IEEE Antennas and Wireless Propagation Letters, Vol. 22, No. 6, 1456-1460, Jun. 2023.

9. Tan, Shuting, Yu Xiao, Yuxing Liu, Zhixi Liang, Yuanxin Li, and Shiyou Xu, "A pattern-reconfigurable endfire antenna based on compact folded slot with vertical polarization," IEEE Antennas and Wireless Propagation Letters, Vol. 22, No. 7, 1537-1541, Jul. 2023.

10. Yuan, Wentao, Jingjian Huang, Xiaofa Zhang, Kaibo Cui, Weiwei Wu, and Naichang Yuan, "Wideband pattern-reconfigurable antenna with switchable monopole and Vivaldi modes," IEEE Antennas and Wireless Propagation Letters, Vol. 22, No. 1, 199-203, Jan. 2023.

11. Huang, Tian-Gui, Fu-Chang Chen, Kai-Ran Xiang, Liu-Yu Wei, and Wen-Feng Zeng, "Pattern reconfigurable cavity-backed antenna based on radiant metal blocks," IEEE Antennas and Wireless Propagation Letters, Vol. 23, No. 12, 4553-4557, Dec. 2024.

12. Zhang, Fan, Liangliang Liu, Yueying Zhang, and Fushun Zhang, "Compact ultrathin wideband pattern-reconfigurable antenna with enhanced operating bandwidth," IEEE Antennas and Wireless Propagation Letters, Vol. 23, No. 12, 4443-4447, Dec. 2024.

13. Jaiswal, Rahul Kumar, Aakash, Anuj Kumar Ojha, Chow-Yen-Desmond Sim, and Kumar Vaibhav Srivastava, "Wideband low-profile endfire antenna with polarization reconfigurability," IEEE Transactions on Circuits and Systems II: Express Briefs, Vol. 71, No. 4, 1984-1988, Apr. 2024.

14. Nguyen-Dinh, Thai, Hong Nguyen-Tuan, Hung Tran-Huy, Dinh Nguyen-Quoc, and Nghia Nguyen-Trong, "A simple polarization-reconfigurable series-fed patch array using switchable feeding network," IEEE Antennas and Wireless Propagation Letters, Vol. 23, No. 9, 2658-2662, Sep. 2024.

15. Liu, Xiyao, Kwok Wa Leung, and Nan Yang, "Wideband horizontally polarized omnidirectional cylindrical dielectric resonator antenna for polarization reconfigurable design," IEEE Transactions on Antennas and Propagation, Vol. 69, No. 11, 7333-7342, Nov. 2021.

16. Xing, Haoran, Can Tang, Ziwei Li, Mengjun Wang, Chao Fan, Hongxing Zheng, and Erping Li, "Three-polarization-reconfigurable antenna array implemented by liquid metal," IEEE Antennas and Wireless Propagation Letters, Vol. 23, No. 1, 374-378, Jan. 2024.

17. Li, Wentao, Yi Ming Wang, Yongqiang Hei, Bo Li, and Xiaowei Shi, "A compact low-profile reconfigurable metasurface antenna with polarization and pattern diversities," IEEE Antennas and Wireless Propagation Letters, Vol. 20, No. 7, 1170-1174, Jul. 2021.

18. Liu, Ying, Qia Wang, Yongtao Jia, and Peisheng Zhu, "A frequency- and polarization-reconfigurable slot antenna using liquid metal," IEEE Transactions on Antennas and Propagation, Vol. 68, No. 11, 7630-7635, Nov. 2020.

19. Liu, Mengyao, Songmin Chen, Zitong Zhao, Hongbo Chu, Pei Xiao, and Gaosheng Li, "A polarization-and frequency-reconfigurable transparent liquid antenna," IEEE Antennas and Wireless Propagation Letters, Vol. 23, No. 8, 2281-2285, Aug. 2024.

20. Rodrigo, Daniel, Bedri A. Cetiner, and Lluís Jofre, "Frequency, radiation pattern and polarization reconfigurable antenna using a parasitic pixel layer," IEEE Transactions on Antennas and Propagation, Vol. 62, No. 6, 3422-3427, Jun. 2014.

21. Wang, H., X. B. Huang, and D. G. Fang, "A single layer wideband U-slot microstrip patch antenna array," IEEE Antennas and Wireless Propagation Letters, Vol. 7, 9-12, 2008.

22. Ding, Zhendong, Jiawang Li, Jianyin Cao, Hao Wang, Michael Yan-Wah Chia, and Nasimuddin Nasimuddin, "Wideband dual-polarized metasurface antenna with polarization reconfigurable controlled by diode and resistor, featuring low RCS," IEEE Antennas and Wireless Propagation Letters, Vol. 24, No. 5, 1208-1212, May 2025.

23. Wang, Yan, Zhendong Ding, Junrui Yu, Jianyin Cao, Hao Wang, Michael Yan-Wah Chia, and Nasimuddin Nasimuddin, "Metasurface‐based circularly polarised antenna: Enhanced bandwidth with characteristic mode analysis and symmetric branch design," IET Microwaves, Antennas & Propagation, Vol. 18, No. 12, 974-984, 2024.

Dr. Guanghuan Geng

Dr. Zhendong Ding