volume | PIER Journals

Abstract

This study presents the design and performance evaluation of a compact microstrip patch antenna operating at 2.34 THz with linear polarization (LP), right-hand circular polarization (RHCP), and left-hand circular polarization (LHCP) capabilities. The proposed antenna consists of a square radiating patch excited through a stepped-impedance microstrip feed network, which improves impedance matching and power transfer efficiency. Gold was employed as the conducting material, while silicon dioxide (SiO₂) was used as the dielectric substrate owing to its favorable electromagnetic properties at THz frequencies. Circular polarization was achieved by introducing optimized corner truncations and feed-position modifications, generating two orthogonal resonant modes with the required phase difference. Full-wave electromagnetic simulations demonstrated excellent impedance matching near the operating frequency, with a reflection coefficient of approximately -29 dB for the linearly polarized configuration. The antenna also achieved a radiation efficiency close to 80% and a realized gain of approximately 5 dBi. Furthermore, both RHCP and LHCP configurations exhibited axial ratio values below 3 dB, confirming effective circular polarization generation. The obtained results demonstrate that the proposed antenna is a promising candidate for future terahertz communication, sensing, imaging, and satellite-based applications.

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Dr. Poonam Namdeo

Dr. Aman

Dr. Akash Yadav

Prof. Mridula Gupta

Dr. Biswajeet Mukherjee