volume | PIER Journals

Abstract

In this paper, a co-planar waveguide fed circular slot antenna with an operational impedance bandwidth of 20-28 GHz is proposed. In order to reduce the effective occupied volume when the antenna is integrated onto a typical mmWave 5G smartphone, a conformal topology is investigated. Since the radiating aperture is not backed by an electrically large ground plane, it leads to a bidirectional beam resulting in an inherently low forward gain of 4 dBi with a front to back ratio of 1 dB. Hence, a compact exponentially tapered copper film reflector is integrated electrically close (0.046λ at 28 GHz) to the radiating aperture to achieve a forward gain of 8-9 dBi with an effective radiating volume of 0.24λ₀³. The impedance bandwidth is from 25 to 30 GHz (18.2%) with a 1-dB gain bandwidth of 34.7% indicating high pattern integrity across the band. Since the proposed antenna element offers wideband with high gain, it is a potential candidate for mmWave 5G smartphones.

1. Rappaport, T. S., et al. "Millimeter wave mobile communications for 5G cellular: It will work!," IEEE Access, Vol. 1, 335-349, 2013.
doi:10.1109/ACCESS.2013.2260813 Google Scholar

2. Hong, W., K. Baek, Y. Lee, Y. Kim, and S. Ko, "Study and prototyping of practically large-scale mmWave antenna systems for 5G cellular devices," IEEE Communications Magazine, Vol. 52, No. 9, 63-69, September 2014.
doi:10.1109/MCOM.2014.6894454 Google Scholar

3. Ta, S. X., H. Choo, and I. Park, "Broadband printed-dipole antenna and its arrays for 5G applications," IEEE Antennas and Wireless Propagation Letters, Vol. 16, 2183-2186, 2017.
doi:10.1109/LAWP.2017.2703850 Google Scholar

4. Yang, B., Z. Yu, Y. Dong, J. Zhou, and W. Hong, "Compact tapered slot antenna array for 5G millimeter-wave massive MIMO systems," IEEE Transactions on Antennas and Propagation, Vol. 65, No. 12, 6721-6727, Dec. 2017.
doi:10.1109/TAP.2017.2700891 Google Scholar

5. Dadgarpour, A., B. Zarghooni, B. S. Virdee, and T. A. Denidni, "Improvement of gain and elevation tilt angle using metamaterial loading for millimeter-wave applications," IEEE Antennas and Wireless Propagation Letters, Vol. 15, 418-420, 2016.
doi:10.1109/LAWP.2015.2449235 Google Scholar

6. Dadgarpour, A., B. Zarghooni, B. S. Virdee, and T. A. Denidni, "One- and two-dimensional beam-switching antenna for millimeter-wave MIMO applications," IEEE Transactions on Antennas and Propagation, Vol. 64, No. 2, 564-573, Feb. 2016.
doi:10.1109/TAP.2015.2508478 Google Scholar

7. Briqech, Z., A. Sebak, and T. A. Denidni, "Wide-scan MSC-AFTSA array-fed grooved spherical lens antenna for millimeter-wave MIMO applications," IEEE Transactions on Antennas and Propagation, Vol. 64, No. 7, 2971-2980, July 2016.
doi:10.1109/TAP.2016.2565704 Google Scholar

8. Sun, M., Z. N. Chen, and X. Qing, "Gain enhancement of 60-GHz antipodal tapered slot antenna using zero-index metamaterial," IEEE Transactions on Antennas and Propagation, Vol. 61, No. 4, 1741-1746, April 2013.
doi:10.1109/TAP.2012.2237154 Google Scholar

9. Wani, Z., M. P. Abegaonkar, and S. K. Koul, "Millimeter-wave antenna with wide-scan angle radiation characteristics for MIMO applications," Int. J RF Microw. Comput. Aided Eng., e21564, 2018. Google Scholar

10. Karthikeya, G. S., M. P. Abegaonkar, and S. K. Koul, "CPW fed conformal folded dipole with pattern diversity for 5G mobile terminals," Progress In Electromagnetics Research C, Vol. 87, 199-212, 2018.
doi:10.2528/PIERC18082902 Google Scholar

11. Karthikeya, G. S., M. P. Abegaonkar, and S. K. Koul, "CPW fed wideband corner bent antenna for 5g mobile terminals," IEEE Access, Vol. 7, 10967-10975, 2019.
doi:10.1109/ACCESS.2019.2891728 Google Scholar

12. Jilani, S. F. and A. Alomainy, "Planar millimeter-wave antenna on low-cost flexible PET substrate for 5G applications ," 2016 10th European Conference on Antennas and Propagation (EuCAP), 1-3, Davos, 2016. Google Scholar

13. Sarabandi, K., J. Oh, L. Pierce, K. Shivakumar, and S. Lingaiah, "Lightweight, conformal antennas for robotic flapping flyers," IEEE Antennas and Propagation Magazine, Vol. 56, No. 6, 29-40, Dec. 2014.
doi:10.1109/MAP.2014.7011015 Google Scholar

14. Garg, R., "Microstrip Antenna Design Handbook," Artech House, 2001. Google Scholar

Dr. Gulur Sadananda Karthikeya

Prof. Mahesh Pandurang Abegaonkar

Dr. Shiban Kishen Koul