Vol. 130
Latest Volume
All Volumes
PIERL 130 [2026] PIERL 129 [2026] PIERL 128 [2025] PIERL 127 [2025] PIERL 126 [2025] PIERL 125 [2025] PIERL 124 [2025] PIERL 123 [2025] PIERL 122 [2024] PIERL 121 [2024] PIERL 120 [2024] PIERL 119 [2024] PIERL 118 [2024] PIERL 117 [2024] PIERL 116 [2024] PIERL 115 [2024] PIERL 114 [2023] PIERL 113 [2023] PIERL 112 [2023] PIERL 111 [2023] PIERL 110 [2023] PIERL 109 [2023] PIERL 108 [2023] PIERL 107 [2022] PIERL 106 [2022] PIERL 105 [2022] PIERL 104 [2022] PIERL 103 [2022] PIERL 102 [2022] PIERL 101 [2021] PIERL 100 [2021] PIERL 99 [2021] PIERL 98 [2021] PIERL 97 [2021] PIERL 96 [2021] PIERL 95 [2021] PIERL 94 [2020] PIERL 93 [2020] PIERL 92 [2020] PIERL 91 [2020] PIERL 90 [2020] PIERL 89 [2020] PIERL 88 [2020] PIERL 87 [2019] PIERL 86 [2019] PIERL 85 [2019] PIERL 84 [2019] PIERL 83 [2019] PIERL 82 [2019] PIERL 81 [2019] PIERL 80 [2018] PIERL 79 [2018] PIERL 78 [2018] PIERL 77 [2018] PIERL 76 [2018] PIERL 75 [2018] PIERL 74 [2018] PIERL 73 [2018] PIERL 72 [2018] PIERL 71 [2017] PIERL 70 [2017] PIERL 69 [2017] PIERL 68 [2017] PIERL 67 [2017] PIERL 66 [2017] PIERL 65 [2017] PIERL 64 [2016] PIERL 63 [2016] PIERL 62 [2016] PIERL 61 [2016] PIERL 60 [2016] PIERL 59 [2016] PIERL 58 [2016] PIERL 57 [2015] PIERL 56 [2015] PIERL 55 [2015] PIERL 54 [2015] PIERL 53 [2015] PIERL 52 [2015] PIERL 51 [2015] PIERL 50 [2014] PIERL 49 [2014] PIERL 48 [2014] PIERL 47 [2014] PIERL 46 [2014] PIERL 45 [2014] PIERL 44 [2014] PIERL 43 [2013] PIERL 42 [2013] PIERL 41 [2013] PIERL 40 [2013] PIERL 39 [2013] PIERL 38 [2013] PIERL 37 [2013] PIERL 36 [2013] PIERL 35 [2012] PIERL 34 [2012] PIERL 33 [2012] PIERL 32 [2012] PIERL 31 [2012] PIERL 30 [2012] PIERL 29 [2012] PIERL 28 [2012] PIERL 27 [2011] PIERL 26 [2011] PIERL 25 [2011] PIERL 24 [2011] PIERL 23 [2011] PIERL 22 [2011] PIERL 21 [2011] PIERL 20 [2011] PIERL 19 [2010] PIERL 18 [2010] PIERL 17 [2010] PIERL 16 [2010] PIERL 15 [2010] PIERL 14 [2010] PIERL 13 [2010] PIERL 12 [2009] PIERL 11 [2009] PIERL 10 [2009] PIERL 9 [2009] PIERL 8 [2009] PIERL 7 [2009] PIERL 6 [2009] PIERL 5 [2008] PIERL 4 [2008] PIERL 3 [2008] PIERL 2 [2008] PIERL 1 [2008]
2026-03-24
Design of a Tunable Wide-Stopband Plasmonic Filter Based on a Metal-Insulator-Metal (MIM) Waveguide for Mid-Infrared Applications
By
Progress In Electromagnetics Research Letters, Vol. 130, 9-14, 2026
Abstract
Wide-stopband plasmonic filters are essential components in compact mid-infrared (MIR) photonic systems. This work proposes a geometrically tunable wide-stopband plasmonic filter based on a metal-insulator-metal (MIM) waveguide with dual resonator cavities. The optical response is numerically investigated using the two-dimensional finite-difference time-domain (2D FDTD) method. The influence of the resonator height H2 and the inter-cavity distance D on the stopband characteristics is analyzed. The symmetric dual-cavity configuration enables effective control of the stopband bandwidth and central wavelength. The design achieves a significantly broadened stopband while maintaining compactness and high transmission selectivity, making it a promising candidate for integration into mid-infrared photonic and sensing systems.
Citation
Ahmed Lounis, Imane Zegaar, Hocine Bensalah, and Abdesselam Hocini, "Design of a Tunable Wide-Stopband Plasmonic Filter Based on a Metal-Insulator-Metal (MIM) Waveguide for Mid-Infrared Applications," Progress In Electromagnetics Research Letters, Vol. 130, 9-14, 2026.
doi:10.2528/PIERL25072504
References

1. Zavvari, Mahdi, Milad Taleb Hesami Azar, and Armin Arashmehr, "Tunable band-stop plasmonic filter based on square ring resonators in a metal-insulator-metal structure," Journal of Modern Optics, Vol. 64, No. 20, 2221-2227, 2017.
doi:10.1080/09500340.2017.1349195        Google Scholar

2. Zegaar, I., A. Hocini, and H. Ben salah, "Modeling and analysis of the RI sensitivity of plasmonic sensor based on MIM waveguide-coupled structure," Journal of Physics: Conference Series, Vol. 1859, No. 1, 012024, 2021.
doi:10.1088/1742-6596/1859/1/012024

3. Khatooni, Hanieh Salimzadeh, Karim Abbasian, and Tofiq Nurmohammadi, "A tunable band-stop plasmonic waveguide filter and switch designing with triangular resonator based on Kerr non-linearity," Optik, Vol. 224, 165708, 2020.
doi:10.1016/j.ijleo.2020.165708        Google Scholar

4. Zegaar, Imane, Abdesselam Hocini, Ahlam Harhouz, Djamel Khedrouche, and H. Salah, "Design of a double-mode plasmonic wavelength filter using a defective circular nano-disk resonator coupled to two MIM waveguides," Progress In Electromagnetics Research Letters, Vol. 104, 67-75, 2022.
doi:10.2528/pierl22012905        Google Scholar

5. Ghorbani, Saeed, Mojtaba Sadeghi, and Zahra Adelpour, "Investigation and analysis of a tunable plasmonic filter based on the Kerr nonlinear effect of a gold nanocomposite," Laser Physics, Vol. 30, No. 8, 086201, 2020.
doi:10.1088/1555-6611/ab89b3        Google Scholar

6. Harhouz, Ahlam and Abdesselam Hocini, "Highly sensitive plasmonic temperature sensor based on Fano resonances in MIM waveguide coupled with defective oval resonator," Optical and Quantum Electronics, Vol. 53, No. 8, 439, 2021.
doi:10.1007/s11082-021-03088-3        Google Scholar

7. Zaki, Aya O., Khaled Kirah, and Mohamed A. Swillam, "Hybrid plasmonic electro-optical modulator," Applied Physics A, Vol. 122, No. 4, 473, 2016.
doi:10.1007/s00339-016-9843-y        Google Scholar

8. Das, Susbhan, Alessandro Salandrino, Judy Z. Wu, and Rongqing Hui, "Near-infrared electro-optic modulator based on plasmonic graphene," Optics Letters, Vol. 40, No. 7, 1516-1519, 2015.
doi:10.1364/ol.40.001516        Google Scholar

9. Maier, Stefan A., Plasmonics: Fundamentals and Applications, Springer, 2007.

10. Dmitriev, Victor A. and Anderson Oliveira Silva, "Nonreciprocal properties of surface plasmon-polaritons at the interface between two magnetized media: Exact analytical solutions," Progress In Electromagnetics Research Letters, Vol. 21, 177-186, 2011.
doi:10.2528/PIERL11011904        Google Scholar

11. Ozbay, Ekmel, "Plasmonics: Merging photonics and electronics at nanoscale dimensions," Science, Vol. 311, No. 5758, 189-193, 2006.
doi:10.1126/science.1114849        Google Scholar

12. Kuttge, M., E. J. R. Vesseur, J. Verhoeven, H. J. Lezec, H. A. Atwater, and A. Polman, "Loss mechanisms of surface plasmon polaritons on gold probed by cathodoluminescence imaging spectroscopy," Applied Physics Letters, Vol. 93, No. 11, 113110, 2008.
doi:10.1063/1.2987458        Google Scholar

13. Halterman, Klaus, J. Merle Elson, and P. L. Overfelt, "Characteristics of bound modes in coupled dielectric waveguides containing negative index media," Optics Express, Vol. 11, No. 6, 521-529, 2003.
doi:10.1364/oe.11.000521        Google Scholar

14. Butt, M. A., "Review of innovative cavity designs in metal-insulator-metal waveguide-based plasmonic sensor," Plasmonics, Vol. 20, 4257-4276, 2025.
doi:10.1007/s11468-024-02562-4        Google Scholar

15. Johnson, P. B. and R. W. Christy, "Optical constants of the noble metals," Physical Review B, Vol. 6, No. 12, 4370, 1972.
doi:10.1103/physrevb.6.4370        Google Scholar

16. McMahon, Jeffrey M., Stephen K. Gray, and George C. Schatz, "Nonlocal optical response of metal nanostructures with arbitrary shape," Physical Review Letters, Vol. 103, No. 9, 097403, 2009.
doi:10.1103/physrevlett.103.097403        Google Scholar

17. Law, S., D. C. Adams, A. M. Taylor, and D. Wasserman, "Mid-infrared designer metals," Optics Express, Vol. 20, No. 11, 12155-12165, 2012.
doi:10.1364/oe.20.012155        Google Scholar

18. Derkachova, Anastasiya, Krystyna Kolwas, and Iraida Demchenko, "Dielectric function for gold in plasmonics applications: Size dependence of plasmon resonance frequencies and damping rates for nanospheres," Plasmonics, Vol. 11, No. 3, 941-951, 2016.
doi:10.1007/s11468-015-0128-7        Google Scholar

19. Wang, Hongqing, Junbo Yang, Jingjing Zhang, Jie Huang, Wenjun Wu, Dingbo Chen, and Gongli Xiao, "Tunable band-stop plasmonic waveguide filter with symmetrical multiple-teeth-shaped structure," Optics Letters, Vol. 41, No. 6, 1233-1236, 2016.
doi:10.1364/ol.41.001233        Google Scholar

20. Lu, Hua, Xueming Liu, Dong Mao, Leiran Wang, and Yongkang Gong, "Tunable band-pass plasmonic waveguide filters with nanodisk resonators," Optics Express, Vol. 18, No. 17, 17922-17927, 2010.
doi:10.1364/oe.18.017922        Google Scholar

21. Zhou, Zixiang, Liangliang Liu, Xinhua Li, Jinrui Shen, Guodong Han, and Zhuo Li, "Dual-band bandpass plasmonic filter based on effective localized surface plasmon resonators," Applied Computational Electromagnetics Society Journal (ACES), Vol. 37, No. 10, 1031-1038, Oct. 2022.
doi:10.13052/2022.aces.j.371003        Google Scholar

22. Anusha, Palagati, K. Srihari, and S. Karthik, "Reconfigurable plasmonic waveguides based on phase-change materials for on-chip optical switching," Plasmonics, Vol. 21, No. 1, 1415-1424, 2026.
doi:10.1007/s11468-025-03294-9        Google Scholar

23. Huang, Shuyu, Hui Wang, and Shiyu Shen, "Multiband tunable perfect absorber based on graphene metamaterials," Physica Scripta, Vol. 100, 045519, 2025.
doi:10.1088/1402-4896/adbc2a        Google Scholar

24. Zegaar, Imane, Abdesselam Hocini, Djamel Khedrouche, Hocine Ben salah, and Hocine bahri, "Plasmonic stop-band filter based on an MIM waveguide coupled with cavity resonators," Journal of Physics: Conference Series, Vol. 2240, No. 1, 012025, 2022.
doi:10.1088/1742-6596/2240/1/012025

25. Salah, Hocine Ben, Hocine Bahri, Abdesselam Hocini, Imane Zegaar, Sven Ingebrandt, and Vivek Pachauri, "Design of a plasmonic sensor based on a nanosized structure for biochemical application," Journal of Physics: Conference Series, Vol. 2240, No. 1, 012024, 2022.
doi:10.1088/1742-6596/2240/1/012024

26. Kazanskiy, N. L., Muhammad Ali Butt, and S. N. Khonina, "Nanodots decorated MIM semi-ring resonator cavity for biochemical sensing applications," Photonics and Nanostructures --- Fundamentals and Applications, Vol. 42, 100836, 2020.
doi:10.1016/j.photonics.2020.100836        Google Scholar

27. Salah, Hocine Ben, A. Hocini, M. N. Temmar, and D. Khedrouche, "Design of mid infrared high sensitive metal-insulator-metal plasmonic sensor," Chinese Journal of Physics, Vol. 61, 86-97, 2019.
doi:10.1016/j.cjph.2019.07.006        Google Scholar

28. Hocini, Abdesselam, Hocine Ben Salah, Djamel Khedrouche, and Noureddine Melouki, "A high-sensitive sensor and band-stop filter based on intersected double ring resonators in metal-insulator-metal structure," Optical and Quantum Electronics, Vol. 52, No. 7, 336, 2020.
doi:10.1007/s11082-020-02446-x        Google Scholar

29. Pooretemad, Siavash, Alireza Malekijavan, and Mehdi Aslinezhad, "Ultrawideband bandstop filter based on Fano resonance and rectangular resonators," Applied Optics, Vol. 60, No. 14, 4266-4272, 2021.
doi:10.1364/ao.422475        Google Scholar

30. Zhai, Xiang, Liu Wang, Ling-Ling Wang, Xiao-Fei Li, Wei-Qing Huang, Shuang-Chun Wen, and Dian-Yuan Fan, "Tuning bandgap of a double-tooth-shaped MIM waveguide filter by control widths of the teeth," Journal of Optics, Vol. 15, No. 5, 055008, 2013.
doi:10.1088/2040-8978/15/5/055008        Google Scholar

31. Zegaar, Imane, Abdesselam Hocini, Hocine Bensalah, Ahlam Harhouz, Djamel Khedrouche, and Mahieddine Lahoubi, "Ultra wideband bandstop plasmonic filter in the NIR region based on stub resonators," Physica Scripta, Vol. 98, No. 5, 055510, 2023.
doi:10.1088/1402-4896/acc90a        Google Scholar