volume | PIER Journals

Abstract

In this paper, a compact, symmetric, simple, and highly selective Ultra Broad Band (UBB) Band Pass Filter (BPF) is constructed on a low-loss Taconic dielectric substrate. The top layer of the BPF is loaded with three headphone-shaped Defected Microstrip Structures (DMSs) and four Open Circuit (OC) stubs whereas the bottom layer is etched with three star-shaped Defected Ground Structures (DGSs). The proposed BPF is designed and simulated using High-Frequency Structure Simulator (HFSS) software at f₀. The proposed BPF shows 20 dB return loss and 0.4 dB insertion loss in the 3 dB passband covering 0.52 GHz to 17.1 GHz owing to 16.58 GHz Band Width (BW). Additionally, 10 dB and 25 dB upper stopband rejection is achieved with 1.3 GHz and 1 GHz BW respectively. Maximum group delay of the simulated filter is about 2.95 ns. The fabricated model transmits from 0.8 GHz to 17.4 GHz which in turn offers a 16.6 GHz BW at 3 dB level. The reflection coefficient of the fabricated filter is about -18 dB, and insertion loss varies from 0 dB to 0.72 dB inside the Transmission Band (TB) with a Fractional Band Width (FBW) of 178.5% and 3.35 ns maximum group delay. Moreover, the occurrence of Transmission Zeroes (TZs) and Reflection Poles (RPs) make the filter highly selective and low-loss (flatness). The measured results agree with the simulated outputs with slight deviations due to fabrication tolerances and connector loss. The size of the filter is 0.36λ_g * 0.36λ_g. Thus proposed filter is suitable for mobile phones, and satellite communication applications approximately covering L, S, C, X, and Ku frequency bands.

1. Min, B. C., Y. H. Choi, S. K. Kim, and B. Oh, "Cross-coupled band-pass filter using HTS microstrip resonators," IEEE Trans. Appl. Supercond., Vol. 11, No. 1, 485-488, 2001.
doi:10.1109/77.919388 Google Scholar

2. Bonache, J., I. Gil, J. Garcia-Garcia, and F. Martin, "Novel microstrip bandpass filters based on complementary split-ring resonators," IEEE Trans. Microw. Theory Tech., Vol. 54, No. 1, 265-271, 2006.
doi:10.1109/TMTT.2005.861664 Google Scholar

3. Wu, B., C. H. Liang, P. Y. Qin, and Q. Li, "Compact dual-band filter using defected stepped impedance resonator," IEEE Microw. Wirel. Compon. Lett., Vol. 18, No. 10, 674-676, 2008.
doi:10.1109/LMWC.2008.2003459 Google Scholar

4. Sun, S., "A dual-band bandpass filter using a single dual-mode ring resonator," IEEE Microw. Wirel. Compon. Lett., Vol. 21, No. 6, 298-300, 2011.
doi:10.1109/LMWC.2011.2132119 Google Scholar

5. Shen, W., W. Y. Yin, X. W. Sun, and L. S. Wu, "Substrate-integrated waveguide bandpass filters with planar resonators for system-on-package," IEEE Trans. Compon. Packag. Manuf. Technol., Vol. 3, No. 2, 253-261, 2012.
doi:10.1109/TCPMT.2012.2224348 Google Scholar

6. Park, J. S., J. S. Yun, and D. Ahn, "A design of the novel coupled-line bandpass filter using defected ground structure with wide stopband performance," IEEE Trans. Microw. Theory Tech., Vol. 50, No. 9, 2037-2043, 2002.
doi:10.1109/TMTT.2002.802313 Google Scholar

7. Abdel-Rahman, A., A. K. Verma, A. Boutejdar, and A. S. Omar, "Compact stub type microstrip bandpass filter using defected ground plane," IEEE Microw. Wirel. Compon. Lett., Vol. 14, No. 4, 136-138, 2004.
doi:10.1109/LMWC.2003.821503 Google Scholar

8. Tan, B. T., J. J. Yu, S. T. Chew, M. S. Leong, and B. L. Ooi, "A miniaturized dual-mode ring bandpass filter with a new perturbation," IEEE Microw. Wirel. Compon. Lett., Vol. 53, No. 1, 343-348, 2005. Google Scholar

9. El-Shaarawy, H. B., F. Coccetti, R. Plana, M. El Said, and E. A. Hashish, "Compact bandpass ring resonator filter with enhanced wide-band rejection characteristics using defected ground structures," IEEE Microw. Wirel. Compon. Lett., Vol. 18, No. 8, 500-502, 2008.
doi:10.1109/LMWC.2008.2000998 Google Scholar

10. Hamad, E. K., A. M. Safwat, and A. S. Omar, "Controlled capacitance and inductance behaviour of L-shaped defected ground structure for coplanar waveguide," IEE Proc.: Microw., Antennas and Prop., Vol. 152, No. 5, 299-304, 2005.
doi:10.1049/ip-map:20045166 Google Scholar

11. Lee, J. K. and Y. S. Kim, "Ultra-wideband bandpass filter with improved upper stopband performance using defected ground structure," IEEE Microw. Wirel. Compon. Lett., Vol. 20, No. 6, 316-318, 2010.
doi:10.1109/LMWC.2010.2047469 Google Scholar

12. Zhou, J., Y. Rao, D. Yang, H. J. Qian, and X. Luo, "Compact wideband BPF with wide stopband using substrate integrated defected ground structure," IEEE Microw. Wirel. Compon. Lett., Vol. 31, No. 4, 353-356, 2021.
doi:10.1109/LMWC.2021.3053756 Google Scholar

13. Wang, C., X. Zhang, T. Xia, Y. Zhang, and Q. Fan, "Dual-band filter power divider with controllable transmission zero based on multimode resonator," Progress In Electromagnetics Research Letters, Vol. 105, 9-16, 2022.
doi:10.2528/PIERL22040901 Google Scholar

14. Tu, W. H., "Compact low-loss reconfigurable bandpass filter with switchable bandwidth," IEEE Microw. Wirel. Compon. Lett., Vol. 20, No. 4, 208-210, 2010.
doi:10.1109/LMWC.2010.2042553 Google Scholar

15. Hou, Z. J., Y. Yang, X. Zhu, Y. C. Li, E., Dutkiewicz, and Q. Xue, "A compact and low-loss bandpass filter using self-coupled folded-line resonator with capacitive feeding technique," IEEE Electron Device Lett., Vol. 39, No. 10, 1584-1587, 2018. Google Scholar

16. Wang, Z., J. Ma, S. Zhao, H. Liu, and S. Fang, "A novel DGS-based substrate integrated coaxial line bandpass filter with three transmission zeros," Progress In Electromagnetics Research Letters, Vol. 105, 1-8, 2022. Google Scholar

17. Tirado-Mendez, J. A., H. Jardon-Aguilar, R. Flores-Leal, E. Andrade-Gonzalez, and F. Iturbide-Sanchez, "Improving frequency response of microstrip filters using defected ground and defected microstrip structures," Progress In Electromagnetics Research C, Vol. 13, 77-90, 2010.
doi:10.2528/PIERC10011505 Google Scholar

18. Hanae, E., N. A. Touhami, and M. Aghoutane, "Miniaturized microstrip patch antenna with spiral defected microstrip structure," Progress In Electromagnetics Research Letters, Vol. 53, 37-44, 2015. Google Scholar

19. Elftouh, H., N. A. Touhami, M. Aghoutane, S. El Amrani, A. Tazon Puente, and M. Boussouis, "Miniaturized microstrip patch antenna with defected ground structure," Progress In Electromagnetics Research C, Vol. 55, 25-33, 2014.
doi:10.2528/PIERC14092302 Google Scholar

20. Hong, J. S. G. and M. J. Lancaster, Microstrip Filters for RF/Microwave Applications, John Wiley & Sons, Hoboken, 2004.

21. Kim, C. S., J. S. Park, D. Ahn, and J. B. Lim, "A novel 1-D periodic defected ground structure for planar circuits," IEEE Microw. and Guided Wave Lett., Vol. 10, No. 4, 131-133, 2000.
doi:10.1109/75.846922 Google Scholar

22. Weng, L. H., Y. C. Guo, X. W. Shi, and X. Q. Chen, "An overview on defected ground structure," Progress In Electromagnetics Research B, Vol. 7, 173-189, 2008.
doi:10.2528/PIERB08031401 Google Scholar

23. Wang, M., S. Sun, H. F. Ma, and T. J. Cui, "Supercompact and ultrawideband surface plasmonic bandpass filter," IEEE Trans. Microw. Theory Tech., Vol. 68, No. 2, 732-740, 2019.
doi:10.1109/TMTT.2019.2952123 Google Scholar

24. Bandyopadhyay, A., P. Sarkar, and R. Ghatak, "A bandwidth reconfigurable bandpass filter for ultrawideband and wideband applications," IEEE Trans. Circuits Syst. II Express Briefs, Vol. 69, No. 6, 2747-2751, 2022. Google Scholar

25. Lalbakhsh, A., M. U. Afzal, K. P. Esselle, and S. L. Smith, "All-metal wideband frequency-selective surface bandpass filter for TE and TM polarizations," IEEE Trans. Antennas Propag., Vol. 70, No. 4, 2790-2800, 2022.
doi:10.1109/TAP.2021.3138256 Google Scholar

26. Zhang, T., M. Tian, Z. Long, M. Qiao, and Z. Fu, "High-temperature superconducting multimode ring resonator ultrawideband bandpass filter," IEEE Microw. Wirel. Compon. Lett., Vol. 28, No. 8, 663-665, 2018.
doi:10.1109/LMWC.2018.2845116 Google Scholar

27. Long, Z., M. Tian, T. Zhang, M. Qiao, T. Wu, and Y. Lan, "High-temperature superconducting multimode dual-ring UWB bandpass filter," IEEE Trans. Appl. Supercond., Vol. 30, No. 2, 1-4, 2019.
doi:10.1109/TASC.2019.2951745 Google Scholar

28. Li, C., Z. H. Ma, J. X. Chen, M. N. Wang, and J. M. Huang, "Design of a compact ultra-wideband microstrip bandpass filter," Electronics, Vol. 12, No. 7, 1728, 2023.
doi:10.3390/electronics12071728 Google Scholar

29. Lin, D. B., M. H. Wang, A. A. Pramudita, and T. Adiprabowo, "Design of a novel ultra-wideband common-mode filter using a magnified coupled defected ground structure," Appl. Sci., Vol. 13, No. 13, 7404, 2023.
doi:10.3390/app13137404 Google Scholar

Ms. Mani Divya Shree

Dr. Inabathini Srinivasa Rao