volume | PIER Journals

Abstract

This article introduces a compact design for a four-element MIMO antenna for millimeter-wave (mmWave) communications for specifically n261 band having range from 27.5 GHz to 28.35 GHz with a bandwidth of 850 MHz. The single antenna structure uses a rectangular patch having four diamond-shaped slots in the feed-plane. On the ground plane, a dumbbell-shaped slot is positioned below the rectangular patch. A Rogers RT/Duroid 5880 substrate with ultra-thin thickness is used in this design. The optimized design for four-port MIMO antenna has small size with dimensions of 20 mm × 19 mm × 0.254 mm. The MIMO parameters such ECC is less than 0.011, and DG is greater than 9.90 dB in the mentioned band, which are within tolerance limits. The isolation between neighbouring MIMO elements is also less than -19.5 dB.

1. Khandelwal, Mukesh Kumar, Binod Kumar Kanaujia, and Sachin Kumar, "Defected ground structure: Fundamentals, analysis, and applications in modern wireless trends," International Journal of Antennas and Propagation, Vol. 2017, No. 1, 2018527, 2017. Google Scholar

2. Rahman, Saifur, Xin-Cheng Ren, Ahsan Altaf, Muhammad Irfan, Mujeeb Abdullah, Fazal Muhammad, Muhammad Rizwan Anjum, Salim Nasar Faraj Mursal, and Fahad Salem AlKahtani, "Nature inspired MIMO antenna system for future mmWave technologies," Micromachines, Vol. 11, No. 12, 1083, 2020. Google Scholar

3. Khalid, Mahnoor, Syeda Iffat Naqvi, Niamat Hussain, MuhibUr Rahman, Fawad, Seyed Sajad Mirjavadi, Muhammad Jamil Khan, and Yasar Amin, "4-port MIMO antenna with defected ground structure for 5G millimeter wave applications," Electronics, Vol. 9, No. 1, 71, 2020. Google Scholar

4. Bilal, Muhammad, Syeda Iffat Naqvi, Niamat Hussain, Yasar Amin, and Nam Kim, "High-isolation MIMO antenna for 5G millimeter-wave communication systems," Electronics, Vol. 11, No. 6, 962, 2022. Google Scholar

5. Wei, Feng, Qiu Yi Wu, Xiao Wei Shi, and Li Chen, "Compact UWB bandpass filter with dual notched bands based on SCRLH resonator," IEEE Microwave and Wireless Components Letters, Vol. 21, No. 1, 28-30, Jan. 2011. Google Scholar

6. Wei, Feng, Le Xu, X.-W. Shi, and Bei Liu, "Compact UWB bandpass filter with two notch bands based on folded SIR," Electronics Letters, Vol. 46, No. 25, 1679-1680, Dec. 2010. Google Scholar

7. Ebrahimi, Amir, Thomas Baum, and Kamran Ghorbani, "Differential bandpass filters based on dumbbell-shaped defected ground resonators," IEEE Microwave and Wireless Components Letters, Vol. 28, No. 2, 129-131, 2018. Google Scholar

8. Safwat, A. M. E., Florence Podevin, Philippe Ferrari, and Anne Vilcot, "Tunable bandstop defected ground structure resonator using reconfigurable dumbbell-shaped coplanar waveguide," IEEE Transactions on Microwave Theory and Techniques, Vol. 54, No. 9, 3559-3564, Sep. 2006. Google Scholar

9. Su, Lijuan, Jonathan Muñoz-Enano, Paris Vélez, Jesús Martel, Francisco Medina, and Ferran Martí, "On the modeling of microstrip lines loaded with dumbbell defect-ground-structure (DB-DGS) and folded DB-DGS resonators," IEEE Access, Vol. 9, 150878-150888, 2021. Google Scholar

10. Rehman, Sajjad Ur, Abdel Fattah Sheta, and Majeed Alkanhal, "Compact bandstop filter using defected ground structure (DGS)," 2011 Saudi International Electronics, Communications and Photonics Conference (SIECPC), 1-4, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia, Apr. 2011.

11. Vélez, Paris, Jonathan Muñoz-Enano, Marta Gil, Javier Mata-Contreras, and Ferran Martín, "Differential microfluidic sensors based on dumbbell-shaped defect ground structures in microstrip technology: Analysis, optimization, and applications," Sensors, Vol. 19, No. 14, 3189, 2019. Google Scholar

12. Liu, Wei-Tzong, Chung-Hao Tsai, Tzu-Wei Han, and Tzong-Lin Wu, "An embedded common-mode suppression filter for GHz differential signals using periodic defected ground plane," IEEE Microwave and Wireless Components Letters, Vol. 18, No. 4, 248-250, Apr. 2008. Google Scholar

13. Palepu, Narayana Rao, Jayendra Kumar, Samineni Peddakrishna, and Anumoy Ghosh, "Wideband meander-line-antipodal-Vivaldi slot-antenna for millimeter-wave applications," e-Prime - Advances in Electrical Engineering, Electronics and Energy, Vol. 9, 100641, 2024. Google Scholar

14. Gupta, Anupma, Meet Kumari, Manish Sharma, Mohammed H. Alsharif, Peerapong Uthansakul, Monthippa Uthansakul, and Shonak Bansal, "8-port MIMO antenna at 27 GHz for n261 band and exploring for body centric communication," PloS One, Vol. 19, No. 6, e0305524, 2024. Google Scholar

15. Sharma, Manish, Prabhakara Rao Kapula, Shailaja Salagrama, Kanhaiya Sharma, Ganga Prasad Pandey, Dinesh Kumar Singh, Milind Mahajan, and Anupma Gupta, "Miniaturized quad-port conformal multi-band (QPC-MB) MIMO antenna for on-body wireless systems in microwave-millimeter bands," IEEE Access, Vol. 11, 105982-105999, 2023. Google Scholar

16. Sim, Chow-Yen-Desmond, Jeng-Jr Lo, and Zhi Ning Chen, "Design of a broadband millimeter-wave array antenna for 5G applications," IEEE Antennas and Wireless Propagation Letters, Vol. 22, No. 5, 1030-1034, May 2023. Google Scholar

17. Hussain, Niamat, Wahaj Abbas Awan, Wael Ali, Syeda Iffat Naqvi, Abir Zaidi, and Tuan Tu Le, "Compact wideband patch antenna and its MIMO configuration for 28 GHz applications," AEU - International Journal of Electronics and Communications, Vol. 132, 153612, 2021. Google Scholar

18. Balanis, Constantine A., Antenna Theory: Analysis and Design, 4th Ed., John Wiley & Sons, Hoboken, New Jersey, 2016.

19. Pozar, David M., Microwave Engineering, 3rd Ed., John Wiley & Sons, Hoboken, New Jersey, 2009.

20. Murthy, Nimmagadda, "Improved isolation metamaterial inspired mm-Wave MIMO dielectric resonator antenna for 5G application," Progress In Electromagnetics Research C, Vol. 100, 247-261, 2020. Google Scholar

21. Sharawi, Mohammad S., Symon K. Podilchak, Mohamed T. Hussain, and Yahia M. M. Antar, "Dielectric resonator based MIMO antenna system enabling millimetre-wave mobile devices," IET Microwaves, Antennas & Propagation, Vol. 11, No. 2, 287-293, 2017. Google Scholar

22. Kamal, Mian Muhammad, Shouyi Yang, Xin-Cheng Ren, Ahsan Altaf, Saad Hassan Kiani, Muhammad Rizwan Anjum, Amjad Iqbal, Muhammad Asif, and Sohail Imran Saeed, "Infinity shell shaped MIMO antenna array for mm-Wave 5G applications," Electronics, Vol. 10, No. 2, 165, 2021. Google Scholar

23. Mazloum, Jalil, Seyed Ali Ghorashi, Mohammad Ojaroudi, and Nasser Ojaroudi, "Compact triple-band S-shaped monopole diversity antenna for MIMO applications," The Applied Computational Electromagnetics Society Journal (ACES), Vol. 30, No. 9, 975-980, 2015. Google Scholar

24. Kumar, Amit, Abdul Quaiyum Ansari, Binod Kumar Kanaujia, and Jugul Kishor, "High isolation compact four-port MIMO antenna loaded with CSRR for multiband applications," Frequenz, Vol. 72, No. 9-10, 415-427, 2018. Google Scholar

Dr. Reena Aggarwal

Dr. Ajay Roy

Dr. Rajeev Kumar