2026-09-17
Design of Triple-Band High-Absorption Electromagnetic Absorber Based on Bandpass Frequency-Selective Surface
By
Progress In Electromagnetics Research Letters, Vol. 131, 68-75, 2026
Abstract
This study proposes a triple-band high-efficiency electromagnetic absorber constructed using a lossy resonant layer, an air spacer, and a bandpass frequency-selective surface (FSS) boundary. The lossy layer adopts bent multi-section metal resonators loaded with two types of lumped resistors to generate a multi-band resonant loss, while the underlying slot-type bandpass FSS provides frequency-dependent boundary responses: it serves as a reflective boundary at the lower two absorption bands and couples with the top-layer resonance at the higher band, while retaining out-of-band transmission. The simulated results reveal effective absorption (absorptivity > 80%) at 5.2-6.1 GHz, 14.5-16.0 GHz, and 20.8-22.2 GHz, with peak absorptivities of 0.92, 1.00, and 0.97, respectively. Thanks to the centrosymmetric layout, the absorber is insensitive to TE/TM polarizations and maintains stable absorption up to 30° under oblique incidence. The operating frequencies can be flexibly tuned the via slot dimensions, metal line size, and resistance values. Due to its low profile and easy processing, the proposed design is suitable for stealth, radar cross-section reduction, and electromagnetic interference mitigation.
Citation
Pengzhe Feng, Guang Chen, Dongxue Han, and Yufeng Yu, "Design of Triple-Band High-Absorption Electromagnetic Absorber Based on Bandpass Frequency-Selective Surface," Progress In Electromagnetics Research Letters, Vol. 131, 68-75, 2026.
doi:10.2528/PIERL26071102
References

1. Lu, Cheng-Yu, Chin-Chien Chung, Ta-Jen Yen, and Tsung-Yu Huang, "Achieving broad absorption band and high incident angles by stochastically-distributed oblique-flat-sheet metamaterial perfect absorbers," Scientific Reports, Vol. 11, No. 1, 18713, 2021.
doi:10.1038/s41598-021-98077-7        Google Scholar

2. Munk, Ben A., Frequency Selective Surfaces: Theory and Design, John Wiley & Sons, 2000.
doi:10.1002/0471723770

3. Kundu, Debidas, Aparna Parameswaran, Hrishikesh Shashikant Sonalikar, Dhrubajyoti Bhattacharya, and Shulabh Gupta, "A low-RCS circularly polarized reflectarray antenna with a linearly polarized feed," IEEE Transactions on Antennas and Propagation, Vol. 71, No. 8, 6501-6512, 2023.
doi:10.1109/tap.2023.3269149        Google Scholar

4. Chen, Jian-Xin, Xiao-Fan Wang, Ling-Ling Yang, Xue-Ren Wang, Xiao-Feng Gu, and Wen-Wen Yang, "Asymmetrical low-RCS FSS-based antenna for tri-band shared-aperture array," IEEE Antennas and Wireless Propagation Letters, Vol. 23, No. 5, 1563-1567, 2024.
doi:10.1109/lawp.2024.3362745        Google Scholar

5. Wang, Zhefei, Jintao Zhang, Jianqiang Hou, Jiajun Huang, Ziru Hou, Mingxin Song, and Tayeb A. Denidni, "Wideband and wide-angle switchable spatial filter/shielding with polarization-independent response," IEEE Antennas and Wireless Propagation Letters, Vol. 22, No. 6, 1421-1425, 2023.
doi:10.1109/lawp.2023.3243905        Google Scholar

6. Peng, Tian, Wuyin Huang, Xiangyu Zhou, Tianyi Zhou, Qiangli Xi, and Lixia Yang, "Ultrathin and omnidirectional absorbing metasurface designed for electromagnetic shielding of discrete sources," IEEE Antennas and Wireless Propagation Letters, Vol. 23, No. 12, 4897-4901, 2024.
doi:10.1109/lawp.2024.3479152        Google Scholar

7. Genikala, Subbarao, Anumoy Ghosh, and Bappadittya Roy, "Triple band single layer microwave absorber based on closed loop resonator structures with high stability under oblique incidence," AEU --- International Journal of Electronics and Communications, Vol. 164, 154629, 2023.
doi:10.1016/j.aeue.2023.154629        Google Scholar

8. Hossain, Md. Bellal, Mohammad Rashed Iqbal Faruque, Mohammad Tariqul Islam, Mandeep Singh, and Muzammil Jusoh, "Triple band microwave metamaterial absorber based on double E-shaped symmetric split ring resonators for EMI shielding and stealth applications," Journal of Materials Research and Technology, Vol. 18, 1653-1668, 2022.
doi:10.1016/j.jmrt.2022.03.079        Google Scholar

9. Kai, Caihong, Luyao Ma, Shiwen He, Jianyue Zhu, and Wei Huang, "Delay pre-compensation scheme for single carrier IRS-aided wideband multi-user MISO systems," IEEE Communications Letters, Vol. 28, No. 2, 362-366, 2024.
doi:10.1109/lcomm.2023.3345845        Google Scholar

10. Pati, Shyam Sundar and Swaroop Sahoo, "Metamaterial-based angular stable polarization-insensitive hepta-band microwave absorber with salient features for RCS reduction and antenna radiation improvement," IEEE Transactions on Electromagnetic Compatibility, Vol. 66, No. 3, 761-775, 2024.
doi:10.1109/temc.2024.3369735        Google Scholar

11. Liu, Sifan, Rang Liu, Ming Li, Yang Liu, and Qian Liu, "Joint BS-RIS-user association and beamforming design for RIS-assisted cellular networks," IEEE Transactions on Vehicular Technology, Vol. 72, No. 5, 6113-6128, 2023.
doi:10.1109/tvt.2022.3231347        Google Scholar

12. Li, Meiling, Wenhao Hu, Xue-Xia Yang, and Zixuan Yi, "An ultra-wideband absorber based on mixed absorption mechanisms," IEEE Transactions on Antennas and Propagation, Vol. 71, No. 12, 10009-10013, 2023.
doi:10.1109/tap.2023.3305561        Google Scholar

13. Liao, Ming, Xiaolong Weng, Wei Duan, Kai Li, and Mei Bi, "A broadband RCS reduction metasurface with dual transmission windows," IEEE Antennas and Wireless Propagation Letters, Vol. 23, No. 10, 3113-3117, 2024.
doi:10.1109/lawp.2024.3425170        Google Scholar

14. Montofré, Daniel, Denis Meledin, Cristian Daniel Lopéz, Igor Lapkin, Vincent Desmaris, Leif Helldner, Mathias Fredrixon, Sven-Erik Ferm, and Victor Belitsky, "A broad-band dual-polarization all-metal dichroic filter for cryogenic applications in sub-THz range," IEEE Transactions on Terahertz Science and Technology, Vol. 14, No. 2, 199-207, 2024.
doi:10.1109/tthz.2023.3338472        Google Scholar

15. Chen, I., Charles A. Lynch, Aline Eid, Jimmy G. D. Hester, Kai Zeng, and Manos M. Tentzeris, "Additively manufactured semipassive Rotman lens-based RIS-assisted mmID tag system for beyond-5G wireless networks in complex environments," IEEE Transactions on Microwave Theory and Techniques, Vol. 73, No. 1, 650-660, 2025.
doi:10.1109/tmtt.2024.3422386        Google Scholar

16. Nasser, Srien Sithara Syed and Zhi Ning Chen, "Low-profile broadband dual-polarization double-layer metasurface antenna for 2G/3G/LTE cellular base stations," IEEE Transactions on Antennas and Propagation, Vol. 70, No. 1, 75-83, 2022.
doi:10.1109/tap.2021.3098554        Google Scholar

17. Zargar, Mehran Manzoor, Archana Rajput, Kushmanda Saurav, and Shiban K. Koul, "Single-layered flexible dual transmissive rasorbers with dual/triple absorption bands for conformal applications," IEEE Access, Vol. 9, 150426-150442, 2021.
doi:10.1109/access.2021.3126197        Google Scholar

18. Negri, Edoardo, Walter Fuscaldo, Paolo Burghignoli, and Alessandro Galli, "Reconfigurable THz leaky-wave antennas based on innovative metal-graphene metasurfaces," Journal of Physics D: Applied Physics, Vol. 57, No. 48, 485102, 2024.
doi:10.1088/1361-6463/ad7302        Google Scholar

19. Lienhart, Michelle, Michael Choquer, Emeline D. S. Nysten, Matthias Weiß, Kai Müller, Jonathan J. Finley, Galan Moody, and Hubert J. Krenner, "Heterogeneous integration of superconducting thin films and epitaxial semiconductor heterostructures with lithium niobate," Journal of Physics D: Applied Physics, Vol. 56, No. 36, 365105, 2023.
doi:10.1088/1361-6463/acd7f9        Google Scholar

20. Niksan, Omid, Keatin Colegrave, and Mohammad Hossein Zarifi, "Battery-free, artificial neural network-assisted microwave resonator array for ice detection," IEEE Transactions on Microwave Theory and Techniques, Vol. 71, No. 2, 698-709, 2023.
doi:10.1109/tmtt.2022.3222194        Google Scholar

21. Jiang, Hao, Shaowei Liao, Ruiming Li, and Quan Xue, "Independently switchable rasorber with wide transmission and low-reflection bands under dual polarization," IEEE Transactions on Microwave Theory and Techniques, Vol. 72, No. 2, 863-877, 2024.
doi:10.1109/tmtt.2023.3298190        Google Scholar

22. Peng, Tian, Wuyin Huang, Xiangyu Zhou, Fanggong Cai, Yuan Xu, Qiangli Xi, Zhixiang Huang, and Lixia Yang, "Triple-band and ultra-thin electromagnetic shielding absorber for discrete sources," IEEE Antennas and Wireless Propagation Letters, Vol. 25, No. 2, 801-805, 2026.
doi:10.1109/lawp.2025.3640130        Google Scholar

23. Wang, Dengpan, Yaqiang Zhuang, Lian Shen, Xiangyang Meng, Guangming Wang, Shiwei Tang, and Tong Cai, "Stealth radome with an ultra-broad transparent window and a high selectivity transition band," Optics Express, Vol. 30, No. 10, 16009-16019, 2022.
doi:10.1364/oe.457510        Google Scholar

24. Zou, Yu-Jia, Xun-Wang Zhao, Chong Guo, Ming-Da Zhu, and Yu Zhang, "An integral equation method using periodic contact-region modeling for analyzing infinitely biperiodic composite structures," IEEE Transactions on Antennas and Propagation, Vol. 71, No. 7, 6237-6242, 2023.
doi:10.1109/tap.2023.3270360        Google Scholar

25. Fu, Yu-Feng, Jiang-Dong Ji, Ying-Jie Wang, Fang-Kun Zhou, Chen Wang, and Ping Chen, "Broadband radar cross section reduction binary metasurface with a high-efficiency intraband transmission window," IEEE Antennas and Wireless Propagation Letters, Vol. 21, No. 5, 878-882, 2022.
doi:10.1109/lawp.2022.3149930        Google Scholar

26. Sun, Mingyu, Jiamei Qin, Meng Guan, Min Wang, Xuedong Fu, and Aixin Chen, "Reconfigurable multiband rasorber with identical metallic-strip-based configuration layers for coordinated absorbing/transmitting design," IEEE Antennas and Wireless Propagation Letters, Vol. 22, No. 10, 2556-2560, 2023.
doi:10.1109/lawp.2023.3296690        Google Scholar

27. Hu, Hao-Tao, Geng-Bo Wu, Ka Fai Chan, and Chi Hou Chan, "V-band dual-polarized filtering transmitarray antenna enabled by a planar filtering illumination source," IEEE Transactions on Antennas and Propagation, Vol. 70, No. 10, 9184-9197, 2022.
doi:10.1109/tap.2022.3184547        Google Scholar

28. Sun, Ying, Jin Zhang, Peng Mei, Shengyuan Luo, Wen Fu, and Shuai Zhang, "Tri-band dual-polarized shared-aperture antenna arrays with wide-angle scanning and low profile for 5G base stations," IEEE Transactions on Antennas and Propagation, Vol. 72, No. 3, 2455-2467, 2024.
doi:10.1109/tap.2024.3358611        Google Scholar

29. Shukoor, Mohammad Abdul and Sukomal Dey, "Wideband via-less reconfigurable reflection and transmission linear-circular/linear-cross polarizer for vehicular satellite communication applications," IEEE Transactions on Vehicular Technology, Vol. 73, No. 5, 6420-6428, 2024.
doi:10.1109/tvt.2023.3344803        Google Scholar

30. Shukoor, Mohammad Abdul and Sukomal Dey, "Wideband reconfigurable multifunctional absorber/reflector with bandpass/bandstop filtering and band-notch absorption for RCS and EMI shielding," IEEE Transactions on Electromagnetic Compatibility, Vol. 66, No. 1, 153-160, 2024.
doi:10.1109/temc.2023.3306019        Google Scholar