volume | PIER Journals

Abstract

A time-dependent nonlinear theory for complex cavity gyrotron is presented in this paper. The theory includes generalized telegrapher's equations and electron motion equations, which are deduced in detail. A calculation code for the self-consistent nonlinear beam-wave interaction is developed based on the presented theory. Using the code, a 94 GHz complex cavity gyrotron operating in TE₀₂₁-TE₀₃₁ modes is thoroughly studied. Numerical results show that an output power of 180 kW, about 36% efficiency is achieved with a 50 kV, 10 A electron beam at a focused magnetic field of 1.78 T and a beam velocity ratio of 1.65. The results from MAGIC simulation are also given and an output power of 192 kW, 38.4% efficiency is obtained. This tells the agreement with these two simulation codes.

1. Flyagin, V. A., A. V. Gaponov, M. I. Petelin, and V. K. yulpatov, "The gyrotron," IEEE Trans. on Microwave Theory and Techniques, Vol. 25, No. 6, 514-521, 1977.
doi:10.1109/TMTT.1977.1129149 Google Scholar

2. Chu, K. R., "The electron cyclotron maser," Reviews of Modern Physics, Vol. 76, No. 2, 489-540, 2004.
doi:10.1103/RevModPhys.76.489 Google Scholar

3. Pavelyev, V. G. and S. E. Tsimring, "Open resonator. Inventor's certificate 616664," Byull. Izobret., Vol. 17, 240, USSR, 1979. Google Scholar

4. Gaponov, A. V., V. A. Flyagin, A. L. Goldenberg, G. S. Nusi- novich, S. E. Tsimring, V. G. Usov, and S. N. Vlasov, "Power millimeter-wave gyrotrons," Int. J. Electronics, Vol. 51, No. 4, 277-302, 1981.
doi:10.1080/00207218108901338 Google Scholar

5. Carmel, Y., K. R. Chu, M. Read, A. K. Ganguly, and D. Dialetis, "Realization of a stable and highly effcient gyrotron for controlled fusion research," Physical Review Letters, Vol. 50, No. 2, 112-116, 1983.
doi:10.1103/PhysRevLett.50.112 Google Scholar

6. Pavelyev, V. G., S. E. Tsimring, and V. E. Zapevalov, "Coupled cavities with mode conversion in gyrotrons," Int. J. Electronics, Vol. 63, No. 3, 379-391, 1987.
doi:10.1080/00207218708939142 Google Scholar

7. Dumbrajs, O. and B. Jodicke, "Mode competition in a complex cavityfor gyrotrons," International Conference on Infrared and Millimeter Waves, 198-199, 1987. Google Scholar

8. Niu, X.-J., L. Wang, and H.-F. Li, "Experimental investigation of 94 GHz second-harmonic gyrotrons," IEEE International Vacuum Electronics Conference (IVEC), 485-486, 2009. Google Scholar

9. Barker, R. J. and E. Schamiloglu, High-power Microwave Sources and Technologies, IEEE, Piscataway, NJ, 2001.
doi:10.1109/9780470544877

10. Goplen, B., L. Ludeking, D. Smithe, and G. Warren, "User configurable MAGIC code for electromagnetic PIC calculations," Comput. Phys. Commun., Vol. 87, No. 1-2, 54-86, 1995.
doi:10.1016/0010-4655(95)00010-D Google Scholar

11. Fliflet, A. W. and W. M. Manheimer, "Nonlinear theory of phase-locking gyrotron oscillators driven by an external signal," Physical Review A, Vol. 39, No. 7, 3432-3443, 1989.
doi:10.1103/PhysRevA.39.3432 Google Scholar

12. Fliflet, A. W., R. C. Lee, S. H. Gold, W. M. Manheimer, and E. Ott, "Time-dependent multimode simulation of gyrotron oscillators," Physical Review A, Vol. 43, No. 11, 6166-6176, 1991.
doi:10.1103/PhysRevA.43.6166 Google Scholar

13. Nusinovich, G. S., "Linear theory of a gyrotron in weakly tapered external magnetic field," Int. J. Electronics, Vol. 64, No. 1, 127-135, 1988.
doi:10.1080/00207218808962789 Google Scholar

14. Borie, E. and B. Jodicke, "Self-consistent theory of mode competition for gyrotrons," Int. J. Electronics, Vol. 72, No. 5-6, 721-744, 1992.
doi:10.1080/00207219208925611 Google Scholar

15. Vlasov, A. N. and T. M. Antonsen, "Numerical solution of fields in lossy structures using MAGY," IEEE Trans. on Electron. Devices, Vol. 48, No. 1, 45-55, 2001.
doi:10.1109/16.892166 Google Scholar

16. Fliflet, A. W., M. E. Read, K. R. Chu, and R. Seely, "A self-consistent field theory for gyrotron oscillators: Application to a low Q gyromonotron," Int. J. Electronics, Vol. 53, No. 6, 505-521, 1982.
doi:10.1080/00207218208901545 Google Scholar

17. Levush, B., T. M. Antonsen, Jr., A. Bromborsky, W. Lou, and Y. Carmel, "Theory of relativistic backward wave oscillator with end reflections," IEEE Trans. Plasma Sci., Vol. 20, No. 3, 263-280, 1992.
doi:10.1109/27.142828 Google Scholar

18. Guo, J. H., S. Yu, X. Li, and H. F. Li, "Study on nonlinear theory and code of beam-wave interaction for gyroklystron," J. Infrared Milli. Terahz. Waves, Vol. 32, 1382-1393, 2011. Google Scholar

19. Niu, X.-J., L. Wang, and H.-F. Li, "94 GHz second-harmonic gyrotron with complex cavity," IEEE International Vacuum Electronics Conference (IVEC), 469-470, 2009.
doi:10.1109/IVELEC.2009.5193589 Google Scholar

20. Aune, P., M. Fourrier, and G. Mourier, "A method for determining oscillation area in microwave tubes," Journal of Electromagnetic Waves and Applications, Vol. 8, No. 6, 725-742, 1994. Google Scholar

Dr. Jun Jian Ma

Dr. Xiao Fang Zhu

Dr. Xiao Lin Jin

Dr. Yu Lu Hu

Dr. Zhong-Hai Yang

Dr. Jian-Qing Li

Dr. Bin Li