volume | PIER Journals

Abstract

Nowadays it is important to create military and civilian vehicles which would be invisible to radar (or homing precision weapons). Such a task requires using high amount of radio-absorbing materials and high cost of finished samples of re-engineering. So it is very useful to have some methods for mathematical modeling of electromagnetic waves scattering on the object in order to take into account various techniques to reduce the object visibility at the stage of design. After the mathematical modeling for each case (specified wavelength, polarization, background surface, etc.), we obtain the angular RCS dependence. We obtain such dependencies for two different models. Based on the comparison of these two dependencies for different objects, it is very difficult to determine which one of the objects is more detectable. This paper presents a new calculation method which allows characterizing the scattering properties of each object only with a few numbers: specific RCS (same as normalized RCS) and RCS dispersion. The presented method can be simply used to assess the visibility of the objects placed on different background surfaces.

1. Taravati, S. and A. Abdolali, "A new three-dimensional conical ground-plane cloak with homogeneous materials," Progress In Electromagnetics Research M, Vol. 19, 91-104, 2011.
doi:10.2528/PIERM11051004 Google Scholar

2. Wu, T. K., "From cloaking of conducting cylinder to RCS reduction/enhancement," Radio Science Meeting (Joint with AP-S Symposium), USNC-URSI, 133, IEEE, 2013.
doi:10.1109/USNC-URSI.2013.6715439 Google Scholar

3. Maslovskiy, A. and M. Legenkiy, "Geometrical techniques for reducing radar targets detectability," Proceedings of Conference on Radiophysics, Electronics and Biophysics YSC, Kharkiv, 2014. Google Scholar

4. Bouzidi, A. and T. Aguili, "RCS prediction from planar near-field measurements," Progress In Electromagnetics Research M, Vol. 22, 41-55, 2012.
doi:10.2528/PIERM11101005 Google Scholar

5. Baussard, A., M. Rochdi, and A. Khenchaf, "PO/mec-based scattering model for complex objects on a sea surface," Progress In Electromagnetics Research, Vol. 111, 229-251, 2011.
doi:10.2528/PIER10083005 Google Scholar

6. Borzov, A., A. Sokolov, and V. Suchkov, "Digital simulation of input signals of systems of a near radar-location from complex radar-tracking scenes," Radio Electronics Magazine, 2004 (in Russian). Google Scholar

7. Youssef, N., "Radar cross section of complex targets," Proceedings of the IEEE, Vol. 77, 722-734, May 1989.
doi:10.1109/5.32062 Google Scholar

8. Sukharevsky, O. I., Electromagnetic Wave Scattering by Aerial and Ground Radar Objects, 288, Taylor & Francis Group, CRC Press, 2015.

9. De Adana, F. S., I. Gonzalez, O. Gutierrez, and M. F. Catedra, "Asymptotic method for analysis of RCS of arbitrary targets composed by dielectric and/or magnetic materials," IEEE Proceedings - Radar, Sonar and Navigation, Vol. 150, No. 5, 375-378, 2003.
doi:10.1049/ip-rsn:20030508 Google Scholar

10. Ling, H., R.-C. Chou, and S.-W. Lee, "Shooting and bouncing rays: Calculating the RCS of an arbitrarily shaped cavity," IEEE Trans. Antennas Propagat., Vol. 37, No. 2, 194-205, 1989.
doi:10.1109/8.18706 Google Scholar

11. Boag, E. M., "A fast physical optics (FPO) algorithm for double-bounce scattering," IEEE Trans. Antennas Propagat., Vol. 52, 205-212, 2004.
doi:10.1109/TAP.2003.822428 Google Scholar

12. Boag, A., "A fast physical optics (FPO) algorithm for high frequency scattering," IEEE Trans. Antennas Propagat., Vol. 52, 197-204, 2004.
doi:10.1109/TAP.2003.822426 Google Scholar

13. Bhalla, R., H. Ling, J. Moore, D. J. Andersh, S. W. Lee, and J. Hughes, "3D scattering center representation of complex targets using the shooting and bouncing ray technique: A review," IEEE Antennas Propagat. Mag., Vol. 40, 30-39, 1998.
doi:10.1109/74.735963 Google Scholar

14. Tao, Y. B., H. Lin, and H. J. Bao, "Kd-tree based fast ray tracing for RCS prediction," Progress In Electromagnetics Research, Vol. 81, 329-341, 2008.
doi:10.2528/PIER08011305 Google Scholar

15. Gao, P. C., Y. B. Tao, Z. H. Bai, and H. Lin, "Mapping the sbr and tw-ildcs to heterogeneous cpu-gpu architecture for fast computation of electromagnetic scattering," Progress In Electromagnetics Research, Vol. 122, 137-154, 2012. Google Scholar

16. Rius, M., M. Ferrando, and L. Jofre, "GRECO: Graphical electromagnetic computing for RCS prediction in real time," IEEE Antennas Propagat. Mag., Vol. 35, 7-17, 1993.
doi:10.1109/74.207645 Google Scholar

17. Man, M., Z. Lei, Y. Xie, and X. Li, "Bistatic RCS prediction of composite scattering from electrically very large ship-sea geometry with a hybrid facet-based ka and shadow-corrected greco scheme," Progress In Electromagnetics Research B, Vol. 60, 35-48, 2014.
doi:10.2528/PIERB14021003 Google Scholar

18. Cocheril, Y. and R. Vauzelle, "A new ray-tracing based wave propagation model including rough surfaces scattering," Progress In Electromagnetics Research, Vol. 75, 357-381, 2007.
doi:10.2528/PIER07061202 Google Scholar

19. Du, Y. and B. Liu, "A numerical method for electromagnetic scattering from dielectric rough surfaces based on the stochastic second degree method," Progress In Electromagnetics Research, Vol. 97, 327-342, 2009.
doi:10.2528/PIER09092501 Google Scholar

20. Kulemin, G. P. and E. V. Tarnavskiy, "Modeling of interference map from ground surface for MMR radar stations for small angles sliding," Radioelectronic and Computer Systems, No. 1, 5-12, 2004. Google Scholar

21. Kulemin, G. P. and E. V. Tarnavskiy, "Modeling of interference map from ground surface for MMR radar stations for small angles sliding," Radioelectronic and Computer Systems, No. 1, 5-12, 2004. Google Scholar

21. Kovalev, S., S. Nesterov, and I. Skorodumov, "Determination RCS of objects with a glance of reflection from earth surface," Radiotechniques and Electronics, Vol. 41, No. 11, 1304-1310, 1996 (in Russian). Google Scholar

22. Akinshin, R., A. Khudyakov, V. Rumyantsev, and S. Kurbatsky, "Evaluating the effectiveness of algorithms polarization selection stationary ground objects," Radio Electronics Magazine, Vol. 4, 2013 (in Russian). Google Scholar

23. Legenkiy, M., A. Butrym, and M. Antyufeyeva, "Evaluation of on-ground object radar detectability reduction," Proceedings of the Conference Mathematical Methods in Electromagnetic Theory, 254-257, Dnipropetrovsk, Aug. 26-28, 2014. Google Scholar

24. Swerling, P., "Probability of detection for fluctuating targets," IRE Transactions on Information Theory, Vol. 6, No. 2, 269-308, 1960.
doi:10.1109/TIT.1960.1057561 Google Scholar

25. Bergamaschi, L., G. D'Agostino, L. Giordani, G. Mana, and M. Oddone, "The detection of signals buried in noise," Data Analysis, Statistics and Probability, 1-12, 2013. Google Scholar

26. Shi, W., X.-W. Shi, and L. Xu, "RCS characterization of stealth target using χ² distribution and lognormal distribution," Progress In Electromagnetics Research M, Vol. 27, 1-10, 2012.
doi:10.2528/PIERM12091212 Google Scholar

27. Zhuang, Y.-Q., C.-X Zhang, and X.-K. Zhang, "Accurate statistical modeling method for dynamic RCs," PIERS Proceedings, 1135-1139, Guangzhou, Aug. 25-28, 2014. Google Scholar

28. Corbel, C., C. Bourlier, N. Pinel, and J. Chauveau, "Rough surface RCS measurements and simulations using the physical optics approximation," IEEE Trans. Antennas Propagat., Vol. 61, No. 10, 5155-5165, Oct. 2013.
doi:10.1109/TAP.2013.2265253 Google Scholar

29. Maslovskiy, A. A. and M. N. Legenkiy, "Analysis of geometrical techniques for reducing radar detectability of on-ground targets," Proceedings of the International Young Scientist Forum on Applied Physics, (YSF'2015), 1-4, Dnipropetrovsk, Sep. 29-Oct. 1, 2015. Google Scholar

30. Kobak, V., "Radar reflectors," Soviet Radio, 248, Moscow, 1975 (in Russian). Google Scholar

31. Wang, X., C.-F.Wang, Y.-B. Gan, and L.-W. Li, "Electromagnetic scattering from a circular target above or below rough surface," Progress In Electromagnetics Research, Vol. 40, 207-227, 2003.
doi:10.2528/PIER02111901 Google Scholar

Dr. Mariya S. Antyufeyeva

Dr. Alexander Butrym

Dr. Nikolay N. Kolchigin

Dr. Maxim N. Legenkiy

Dr. Alexander A. Maslovskiy

Dr. Gennady G. Osinovy