volume | PIER Journals

Abstract

To address the issues of large speed fluctuations and slow current convergence in traditional model reference adaptive system (MRAS) algorithms, this paper proposes an improved model reference adaptive algorithm based on the fast super-twisting algorithm (FASTA). First, a feedforward compensation term is introduced into the traditional MRAS framework. Additionally, an adaptive feedback gain coefficient is designed, which can be dynamically adjusted in real-time to track speed variations and adapt to different external operating conditions, thereby effectively reducing speed fluctuation amplitude. Furthermore, a fast super-twisting algorithm with a dynamic adjustment exponential gain term is designed and integrated with the model reference adaptive system, replacing the traditional PI controller used in MRAS, significantly improving convergence speed of the system. Finally, experimental results verify the effectiveness and feasibility of the proposed strategy.

1. Yin, Yunfei, Lei Liu, Sergio Vazquez, Ruiqi Xu, Zejiao Dong, Jianxing Liu, José I. Leon, Ligang Wu, and Leopoldo G. Franquelo, "Disturbance and uncertainty attenuation for speed regulation of PMSM servo system using adaptive optimal control strategy," IEEE Transactions on Transportation Electrification, Vol. 9, No. 2, 3410-3420, Jun. 2023. Google Scholar

2. Gao, Jinqiu, Chao Gong, Wenzhen Li, and Jinglin Liu, "Novel compensation strategy for calculation delay of finite control set model predictive current control in PMSM," IEEE Transactions on Industrial Electronics, Vol. 67, No. 7, 5816-5819, Jul. 2020. Google Scholar

3. Yin, Zhonggang, Yanping Zhang, Xinping Cao, Dongsheng Yuan, and Jing Liu, "Estimated position error suppression using novel PLL for IPMSM sensorless drives based on full-order SMO," IEEE Transactions on Power Electronics, Vol. 37, No. 4, 4463-4474, Apr. 2022. Google Scholar

4. Gong, Chao, Yihua Hu, Jinqiu Gao, Yangang Wang, and Liming Yan, "An improved delay-suppressed sliding-mode observer for sensorless vector-controlled PMSM," IEEE Transactions on Industrial Electronics, Vol. 67, No. 7, 5913-5923, Jul. 2020. Google Scholar

5. Han, Lin, Shanshan Wang, Zhonggen Wang, Xiaobing Zhu, and Wenyan Nie, "Design of compensated PLL for position sensorless drives of PMSMs," Progress In Electromagnetics Research C, Vol. 149, 25-35, 2024. Google Scholar

6. Morawiec, Marcin and Arkadiusz Lewicki, "Speed observer structure of induction machine based on sliding super-twisting and backstepping techniques," IEEE Transactions on Industrial Informatics, Vol. 17, No. 2, 1122-1131, Feb. 2021. Google Scholar

7. Wang, Gaolin, Dianxun Xiao, Nannan Zhao, Xueguang Zhang, Wei Wang, and Dianguo Xu, "Low-frequency pulse voltage injection scheme-based sensorless control of IPMSM drives for audible noise reduction," IEEE Transactions on Industrial Electronics, Vol. 64, No. 11, 8415-8426, Nov. 2017. Google Scholar

8. Han, Bangcheng, Yangyang Shi, Xinda Song, Kun Hong, and Kun Mao, "Initial rotor position detection method of SPMSM based on new high frequency voltage injection method," IEEE Transactions on Power Electronics, Vol. 34, No. 4, 3553-3562, Apr. 2019. Google Scholar

9. Liu, Jiali and Yongchang Zhang, "Performance improvement of nonlinear flux observer for sensorless control of PMSM," IEEE Transactions on Industrial Electronics, Vol. 70, No. 12, 12014-12023, Dec. 2023. Google Scholar

10. Hu, Jianhui, Zhibo Wang, Huidong Wang, and Chun He, "Gain compensation-based quasi-resonant PLL with adaptive super-twisting SMO for position error suppression of IPMSM sensorless control," IEEE Journal of Emerging and Selected Topics in Power Electronics, Vol. 12, No. 5, 4888-4899, Oct. 2024. Google Scholar

11. Xiao, Liu, Jingli Zhang, Haoran Xie, and Chunfu Hu, "A novel speed estimation algorithm for a permanent magnet linear synchronous motor using an extended Kalman filter with multiple fading factors," IEEE Transactions on Magnetics, Vol. 60, No. 11, 1-5, Nov. 2024. Google Scholar

12. Wang, Fengxiang, Zhe Chen, Peter Stolze, Jean-Francois Stumper, José Rodríguez, and Ralph Kennel, "Encoderless finite-state predictive torque control for induction machine with a compensated MRAS," IEEE Transactions on Industrial Informatics, Vol. 10, No. 2, 1097-1106, May 2014. Google Scholar

13. Yu, Jinpeng, Peng Shi, Wenjie Dong, Bing Chen, and Chong Lin, "Neural network-based adaptive dynamic surface control for permanent magnet synchronous motors," IEEE Transactions on Neural Networks and Learning Systems, Vol. 26, No. 3, 640-645, Mar. 2015. Google Scholar

14. Azza, Hechmi Ben, Noureddaher Zaidi, Mohamed Jemli, and Mohamed Boussak, "Development and experimental evaluation of a sensorless speed control of SPIM using adaptive sliding mode-MRAS strategy," IEEE Journal of Emerging and Selected Topics in Power Electronics, Vol. 2, No. 2, 319-328, Jun. 2014. Google Scholar

15. Jiang, Y., D. Shi, J. Fan, T. Chai, and T. Chen, "Event-triggered model reference adaptive control for linear partially time-variant continuous-time systems with nonlinear parametric uncertainty," IEEE Transactions on Automatic Control, Vol. 68, No. 3, 1878-1885, Mar. 2023. Google Scholar

16. Jiang, Ning, Ruiwu Cao, Wei Sun, Dajun Chen, and Kai Wang, "MRAS-based sensorless control of PMSM drives using extended state observer in shaftless rim-driven thruster system," IEEE Transactions on Transportation Electrification, Vol. 11, No. 2, 6038-6047, Apr. 2025. Google Scholar

17. Yang, Yifei, Xiaodong Sun, and Feng Cai, "Speed sensorless control of IPMSM with model predictive current control plus finite position set MRAS observer," IEEE Transactions on Transportation Electrification, Vol. 11, No. 1, 4755-4764, Feb. 2025. Google Scholar

18. Wang, Tianqing, Yong Yu, Zhonglei Zhang, Shuhui Jin, Bo Wang, and Dianguo Xu, "An auxiliary variable-based MRAS speed observer for stable wide-speed operation in sensorless induction motor drives," IEEE Journal of Emerging and Selected Topics in Power Electronics, Vol. 12, No. 5, 4926-4940, Oct. 2024. Google Scholar

19. Wang, Huimin, Xinglai Ge, and Yong-Chao Liu, "Second-order sliding-mode MRAS observer-based sensorless vector control of linear induction motor drives for medium-low speed maglev applications," IEEE Transactions on Industrial Electronics, Vol. 65, No. 12, 9938-9952, Dec. 2018. Google Scholar

20. Wang, Tianqing, Bo Wang, Yong Yu, and Dianguo Xu, "Discrete sliding-mode-based MRAS for speed-sensorless induction motor drives in the high-speed range," IEEE Transactions on Power Electronics, Vol. 38, No. 5, 5777-5790, May 2023. Google Scholar

21. Chen, Dongdong, Jin Wang, and Libing Zhou, "Adaptive second-order active-flux observer for sensorless control of PMSMs with MRAS-based VSI nonlinearity compensation," IEEE Journal of Emerging and Selected Topics in Power Electronics, Vol. 11, No. 3, 3076-3086, Jun. 2023. Google Scholar

22. Yuan, Lei, Kun Han, Changzheng Zhang, Xuesong Zhu, and Yidan Ding, "Comparative analysis of full-order SMO and STM-MRAS in SPMSM sensorless drive system," IEEE Journal of Emerging and Selected Topics in Power Electronics, Vol. 12, No. 3, 2592-2603, Jun. 2024. Google Scholar

23. Moreno, Jaime A. and Marisol Osorio, "A Lyapunov approach to second-order sliding mode controllers and observers," 2008 47th IEEE Conference on Decision and Control, 2856-2861, Cancun, Mexico, Jan. 2008.

24. Wang, Deqiang and Xudong Liu, "Sensorless control of PMSM with improved adaptive super-twisting sliding mode observer and IST-QSG," IEEE Transactions on Transportation Electrification, Vol. 11, No. 1, 721-731, Feb. 2025. Google Scholar

25. Ye, Shuaichen and Xiaoxian Yao, "An enhanced SMO-based permanent-magnet synchronous machine sensorless drive scheme with current measurement error compensation," IEEE Journal of Emerging and Selected Topics in Power Electronics, Vol. 9, No. 4, 4407-4419, Aug. 2021. Google Scholar

Mr. Feng Yu

Dr. Xiping Liu

Dr. Zhangqi Liu

Dr. Qiang Ge

Dr. Yuxin Liu