volume | PIER Journals

Abstract

The resonant frequency of an antenna plays a crucial role in the design of a reconfigurable antenna. In this article, we have developed a dual-band reconfigurable terahertz patch antenna by using graphene. The simulation results demonstrate that the designed structure can provide excellent properties in terms of dual wide-band performance, frequency-reconguration by applying different voltages on the graphene. These initial results are particularly promising for various applications in the THz regime. Furthermore, we have investigated the effect of the additional parameter such as temperature and relaxation time. The modeling is done by using a new equation of the Wave Concept Iterative Process (WCIP) method, and the validation is achieved by comparison with CST simulator. Here, we propose to develop a new efficient and flexible numerical tool for graphene modeling.

1. Kyungho, H., T. K. Nguyen, I. Park, and H. Han, "Terahertz Yagi-Uda antenna for high input resistance," J. Infrared Millim. Terahertz Waves, Vol. 31, 441-451, 2010. Google Scholar

2. Kazemi, A. H. and A. Mokhtari, "Graphene-based patch antenna tunable in the three atmospheric windows," Inter. J. Light Electron Opt., Vol. 142, 475-482, 2017.
doi:10.1016/j.ijleo.2017.05.113 Google Scholar

3. Ramezan, A. S. and B. Z. Ferdows, "Metamaterial Fabry-Perot cavity implementation for gain and bandwidth enhancement of THz dipole antenna," antenna,”Inter. J. Light Electron Opt., Vol. 127, 5181-5185, 2016.
doi:10.1016/j.ijleo.2016.02.072 Google Scholar

4. Sirisha, M. and M. Arun, "Dual-band reconfigurable graphene-based patch antenna in terahertz band for wireless network-on-chip applications," IET Micr., A. & Prop., Vol. 11, 2104-2108, 2017.
doi:10.1049/iet-map.2017.0415 Google Scholar

5. Mir, M. S. and A. S. Ramazan, "Antenna gain enhancement by using metamaterial radome at THz band with reconfigurable characteristics based on graphene load," J. Opt. Quant. Elec., Vol. 221, 1-13, 2017. Google Scholar

6. Alexander, I. M., Y. Bin, M. G. Stephen, W. Michael, and S. D. Robert, "Terahertz spectroscopy: A powerful new tool for the chemical sciences?," Chem. Soc. Rev., Vol. 41, 2072-2082, 2012.
doi:10.1039/C1CS15277G Google Scholar

7. Nikita, V. Ch., E. F. Maxim, P. Sergey, et al. "Wide-aperture aspherical lens for high-resolut terahertz imaging," Rev. Sci. Instrum., Vol. 88, 1-6, 2017. Google Scholar

8. Dhillon, S. S., M. S. Vitiello, E. H. Linfield, A. G. Davies, M. C. Hoffmann, et al. "The 2017 terahertz science and technology roadmap," J. Phy. D: Appl. Phy., Vol. 50, No. 4, 1064-1076, 2017. Google Scholar

9. Novoselov, K. S., V. I. Colombo, P. R. Gellert, M. G. Schwab, and K. Kim, "A roadmap for graphene," Nature, Vol. 490, No. 7419, 192-200, 2012.
doi:10.1038/nature11458 Google Scholar

10. Novoselov, K. S., A. K. Geim, S. V. Morozov, D. Jiang, Y. Zhang, S. V. Dubonos, I. V. Grigorieva, and A. A. Firsov, "Electric field effect in atomically thin carbon films," Science, Vol. 306, No. 10, 666-669, 2004.
doi:10.1126/science.1102896 Google Scholar

11. Antonio, P. and Ch. Gennaro, "Plasmon modes in graphene: Status and prospect," The Royal Society of Chemistry, Vol. 6, 10927-10940, 2014. Google Scholar

12. Tamagnone, M., J. S. Gymez-Dıaz, J. R. Mosig, and J. Perruisseau-Carrier, "Reconfigurable terahertz plasmonic antenna concept using a graphene stack," Appl. Phys. Lett., Vol. 101, 214101-214104, 2012. Google Scholar

13. Leonardo, V., H. Jin, C. Dominique, P. Antonio, K. Wojciech, and S. V. Miriam, "Efficient terahertz detection in black-phosphorus nano-transistors with selective and controllable plasma-wave, bolometric and thermoelectric response," Scientific Reports, Vol. 6, 1-23, 2016. Google Scholar

14. Leonardo, V., C. Dominique, P. Antonio, K. Konstantin, A. Ziya, B. Mahammad, et al. "Plasma-wave terahertz detection mediated by topological insulators surface states," Nano Letters, Vol. 16, 1-18, 2016. Google Scholar

15. Tang, W., A. Politano, C. Guo, W. Guo, C. Liu, L.Wang, X. Chen, and W. Lu, "Ultrasensitive room-temperature terahertz direct detection based on a bismuth selenide topological insulator," Adv. Funct. Mater., 1-9, 2018. Google Scholar

16. Amit, A., S. V. Miriam, V. Leonardo, C. Anna, and P. Antonio, "Plasmonics with two-dimensional semiconductors: From basic research to technological applications," Nanoscale, Vol. 10, 1-11, 2018. Google Scholar

17. Jung, C. W., M. J. Lee, G. P. Li, and F. D. Flaviis, "Re-configurable scan-beam single-arm spiral antenna integrated with RFMEMS switches ," IEEE Trans. Antennas Propag., Vol. 54, No. 2, 455-463, 2006.
doi:10.1109/TAP.2005.863407 Google Scholar

18. Cetiner, B. A., G. R. Crusats, L. Jofre, and N. Biyikli, "RF MEMS integrated frequency reconfigurable annular slot antenna," Journal Title Abbreviation, Vol. 58, No. 3, 626-632, 2010. Google Scholar

19. Pringle, L. N., et al. "A reconfigurable aperture antenna based on switched links between electrically small metallic patches," IEEE Trans. Antennas Propag., Vol. 52, No. 6, 1434-1445, 2004.
doi:10.1109/TAP.2004.825648 Google Scholar

20. Aboufoul, T., A. Alomainy, and C. Parini, "Reconfiguring UWB monopole antenna for cognitive radio applications using GaAs FET switches," IEEE Antennas Wireless Propag. Lett., Vol. 11, 392-394, 2012.
doi:10.1109/LAWP.2012.2193551 Google Scholar

21. Peroulis, D., K. Sarabandi, and L. P. B. Katehi, "Design of reconfigurable slot antennas," IEEE Trans. Antennas Propag., Vol. 53, No. 2, 645-654, 2005.
doi:10.1109/TAP.2004.841339 Google Scholar

22. Lee, S. W. and Y. Sung, "Compact frequency reconfigurable antenna for lte/wwan mobile handset applications," IEEE Trans. Antennas Propag., Vol. 63, No. 10, 4572-4577, 2015.
doi:10.1109/TAP.2015.2456940 Google Scholar

23. Khidre, A., F. Yang, and A. Z. Elsherbeni, "A patch antenna with a varactor-loaded slot for reconfigurable dual-band operation ," IEEE Trans. Antennas Propag., Vol. 63, No. 2, 755-760, 2015.
doi:10.1109/TAP.2014.2376524 Google Scholar

24. Haupt, R. L., "Re-configurable patch with switchable conductive edges," Microw. Opt. Technol. Lett., Vol. 51, No. 7, 1757-1760, 2009.
doi:10.1002/mop.24430 Google Scholar

25. Haupt, R. L. and M. Lanagan, "Re-configurable antennas," IEEE Antennas Propag. Mag., Vol. 55, No. 1, 49-61, 2013.
doi:10.1109/MAP.2013.6474484 Google Scholar

26. Hanson, G. W., "Dyadic Green’s functions and guided surface waves for a surface conductivity model of graphene," J. Ap. Phys., Vol. 103, 064302-064302, 2008.
doi:10.1063/1.2891452 Google Scholar

27. Cao, Y. S., L. J. Jiang, and A. E. Ruehli, "An equivalent circuit model for graphene-based terahertz antenna using the PEEC method," IEEE Trans. Antennas Prop., Vol. 64, 1385-1393, 2016.
doi:10.1109/TAP.2016.2521881 Google Scholar

28. Gatte, M. T., P. J. Soh, H. A. Rahim, R. B. Ahmad, and F. Malek, "The performance improvement of THz antenna via modeling and characterization of doped graphene," Progress In Electromagnetics Research M, Vol. 49, 21-31, 2016.
doi:10.2528/PIERM16050405 Google Scholar

29. Houaneb, Z., H. Zairi, A. Gharsallah, and H. Baudrand, "A new wave concept iterative method in cylindrical coordinates for modeling of circular planar circuits," Eighth Inter. Multi-Conference on Systems, Signals Devices, 1-7, 2011. Google Scholar

30. Hajlaoui, A., H. Trabelsi, and H. Baudrand, "Periodic planar multilayered substrates analysis using wave concept iterative process," J. Elec. Analy. Appl., Vol. 3, 118-128, 2012. Google Scholar

31. Zairi, H., A. Gharsallah, A. Gharbi, and H. Baudrand, "Analysis of planar circuits using a multigrid iterative method ," IEE Proc. Micro., Antennas and Prop., Vol. 153, 109-162, 2006. Google Scholar

32. Tellache, M., Y. Lamhene, B. Haraoubia, and H. Baudrand, "Application of wave concept iterative process to analys emicrowave planar circuits," Inter. J. App. Electr. and Mechanics, Vol. 29, 131-143, 2009. Google Scholar

Prof. Aymen Hlali

Professor Zied Houaneb

Professor Hassen Zairi