2019-04-09
Generation of Ultra-Wideband Multi-Mode Vortex Waves Based on Monolayer Reflective Metasurface
By
Progress In Electromagnetics Research M, Vol. 80, 111-120, 2019
Abstract
In this paper, a monolayer metasurface that can simultaneously generate multi-mode vortex waves in ultra-wideband is proposed. Smooth phase variation is obtained by properly assigning the arm lengths of arrow-shaped metal on the top of the reflective metasurface unit cell. Different reflective cells are arranged in different sectors to form a phase-shifted surface that can convert a linearly polarized plane wave into a vortex wave. The full-wave simulations show that the designed reflective metasurface can generate vortex wave with multi-mode in ultra-wideband from 18 GHz to 42 GHz, which is in good agreement with the theoretical analysis. The proposed reflective metasurface paves an effective approach to generate vortex wave with multi-mode in ultra-wideband for OAM-based systems. Compared to the traditional ways of generating vortex waves, our design has the advantage of wide bandwidth.
Citation
Xiaohang Dong, Hengyi Sun, Chang Qing Gu, Zhuo Li, Xinlei Chen, and Baijie Xu, "Generation of Ultra-Wideband Multi-Mode Vortex Waves Based on Monolayer Reflective Metasurface," Progress In Electromagnetics Research M, Vol. 80, 111-120, 2019.
doi:10.2528/PIERM19010504
References

1. Beth, R. A., "Mechanical detection and measurement of the angular momentum of light," Physical Review, Vol. 50, No. 2, 115-125, 1936.        Google Scholar

2. Wang, J., J. Y. Yang, I. M. Fazal, N. Ahmed, Y. Yan, H. Huang, et al. "Terabit free-space data transmission employing orbital angular momentum multiplexing," Nature Photonics, Vol. 6, No. 7, 488-496, 2012.        Google Scholar

3. Liu, K., Y. Cheng, Y. Gao, X. Li, Y. Qin, and H. Wang, "Super-resolution radar imaging based on experimental OAM beams," Applied Physics Letters, Vol. 110, No. 16, 164102, 2017.        Google Scholar

4. Allen, L., M. W. Beijersbergen, R. J. Spreeuw, and J. P. Woerdman, "Orbital angular momentum of light and the transformation of Laguerre-Gaussian laser modes," Physical Review & Atomic Molecular & Optical Physics, Vol. 45, No. 11, 81-85, 1992.        Google Scholar

5. Gibson, G., et al. "Free-space information transfer using light beams carrying orbital angular momentum," Optics Express, Vol. 12, No. 22, 5448-5456, 2004.        Google Scholar

6. Grier, G. and M. D. Grier, "A revolution in optical manipulation," Nature, Vol. 424, No. 6950, 810-816, 2003.        Google Scholar

7. Anzolin, G., F. Tamburini, A. Bianchini, G. Umbriaco, and C. Barbieri, "Optical vortices with starlight," Astronomy & Astrophysics, Vol. 488, No. 3, 1159-1165, 2008.        Google Scholar

8. Berkhout, G. C. G. and M. W. Beijersbergen, "Method for probing the orbital angular momentum of optical vortices in electromagnetic waves from astronomical objects," Physical Review Letters, Vol. 101, No. 10, 100801, 2008.        Google Scholar

9. Guan, B., C. Qin, R. P. Scott, N. K. Fontaine, T. Su, R. Proietti, et al. "Polarization diversified integrated circuits for orbital angular momentum multiplexing," IEEE Photonics Technology Letters, Vol. 27, No. 10, 1056-1059, 2015.        Google Scholar

10. Thidé, B., et al. "Utilization of photon orbital angular momentum in the low-frequency radio domain," Physical Review Letters, Vol. 99, No. 8, 087701, 2007.        Google Scholar

11. Mohammadi, S. M., et al. "Orbital angular momentum in radio - A system study," IEEE Transactions on Antennas & Propagation, Vol. 58, No. 2, 565-572, 2010.        Google Scholar

12. Tamburini, F., et al. "Experimental demonstration of free-space information transfer using phase modulated orbital angular momentum radio," Physics, Vol. 13, No. 2, 20-25, 2013.        Google Scholar

13. Brousseau, C., K. Mahdjoubi, O. Emile, and W. Wei, "Generation of OAM waves with circular phase shifter and array of patch antennas," Electronics Letters, Vol. 51, No. 6, 442-443, 2015.        Google Scholar

14. Gaffoglio, R., A. Cagliero, A. D. Vita, and B. Sacco, "OAM multiple transmission using uniform circular arrays: Numerical modeling and experimental verification with two digital television signals," Radio Science, Vol. 51, No. 6, 645-658, 2016.        Google Scholar

15. Bai, Q., A. Tennant, B. Allen, and M. U. Rehman, "Generation of Orbital Angular Momentum (OAM) radio beams with phased patch array," Antennas & Propagation Conference, Vol. 9, No. 6, 410-413, 2014.        Google Scholar

16. Tamburini, F., et al. "Encoding many channels in the same frequency through radio vorticity: First experimental test," New Journal of Physics, Vol. 14, No. 3, 811-815, 2011.        Google Scholar

17. Zhang, Z., S. Zheng, X. Jin, H., Chi, and X. Zhang, "Generation of plane spiral OAM waves using traveling-wave circular slot antenna," IEEE Antennas & Wireless Propagation Letters, Vol. 16, 8-11, 2016.        Google Scholar

18. Zhang, W., S. Zheng, X. Hui, Y. Chen, X. Jin, H. Chi, et al. "Four-OAM-mode antenna with traveling-wave ring-slot structure," IEEE Antennas & Wireless Propagation Letters, Vol. 16, 521-524, 2017.        Google Scholar

19. Barbuto, M., F. Trotta, F. Bilotti, and A. Toscano, "Circular polarized patch antenna generating orbital angular momentum," Progress In Electromagnetics Research, Vol. 148, 23-30, 2014.        Google Scholar

20. Liang, J. and S. Zhang, "Orbital Angular Momentum (OAM) generation by cylinder dielectric resonator antenna for future wireless communications," IEEE Access, Vol. 4, 9570-9574, 2016.        Google Scholar

21. Mao, F., M. Huang, T. Li, J. Zhang, and C. Yang, "Broadband generation of orbital angular momentum carrying beams in RF regimes," Progress In Electromagnetics Research, Vol. 160, 19-27, 2017.        Google Scholar

22. Yu, S., L. Li, G. Shi, C. Zhu, X. Zhou, and Y. Shi, "Design, fabrication, and measurement of reflective metasurface for orbital angular momentum vortex wave in radio frequency domain," Applied Physics Letters, Vol. 108, No. 12, 5448, 2016.        Google Scholar

23. Yu, S., G. Shi, C. Zhu, and Y. Shi, "Generating multiple orbital angular momentum vortex waves using a metasurface in radio frequency domain," Appl. Phys. Lett., Vol. 108, No. 24, 241901, 2016.        Google Scholar

24. Jin, J., et al. "Generation and detection of orbital angular momentum via metasurface," Scientific Reports, Vol. 6, 24286, 2016.        Google Scholar

25. Chen, M. L. N., L. J. Jiang, and W. E. I. Sha, "Artificial perfect electric conductor-perfect magnetic conductor anisotropic metasurface for generating orbital angular momentum of microwave with nearly perfect conversion efficiency," Journal of Applied Physics, Vol. 119, No. 6, 064506, 2016.        Google Scholar

26. Chen, M. L. N., L. J. Jiang, and W. E. I. Sha, "Ultrathin complementary metasurface for orbital angular momentum generation at microwave frequencies," IEEE Transactions on Antennas & Propagation, Vol. 65, No. 1, 396-400, 2017.        Google Scholar

27. Chen, M., L. J. Jiang, and W. E. I. Sha, "Detection of orbital angular momentum with metasurface at microwave band," IEEE Antennas & Wireless Propagation Letters, Vol. 17, No. 1, 110-113, 2018.        Google Scholar

28. Xu, H. X., H. Liu, X. Ling, Y. Sun, and F. Yuan, "Broadband vortex wave generation using multimode pancharatnam-berry metasurface," IEEE Transactions on Antennas & Propagation, Vol. 65, No. 12, 7378-7382, 2017.        Google Scholar

29. Zhang, Y., L. Yang, H. Wang, X. Zhang, and X. Jin, "Transforming surface wave to propagating OAM vortex wave via flat dispersive metasurface in radio frequency," IEEE Antennas & Wireless Propagation Letters, Vol. 17, No. 1, 172-175, 2018.        Google Scholar

30. Yu, N., et al. "Light propagation with phase discontinuities reflection and refraction," Science, Vol. 334, 333-337, 2011.        Google Scholar