Vol. 125
Latest Volume
All Volumes
PIERC 151 [2025] PIERC 150 [2024] PIERC 149 [2024] PIERC 148 [2024] PIERC 147 [2024] PIERC 146 [2024] PIERC 145 [2024] PIERC 144 [2024] PIERC 143 [2024] PIERC 142 [2024] PIERC 141 [2024] PIERC 140 [2024] PIERC 139 [2024] PIERC 138 [2023] PIERC 137 [2023] PIERC 136 [2023] PIERC 135 [2023] PIERC 134 [2023] PIERC 133 [2023] PIERC 132 [2023] PIERC 131 [2023] PIERC 130 [2023] PIERC 129 [2023] PIERC 128 [2023] PIERC 127 [2022] PIERC 126 [2022] PIERC 125 [2022] PIERC 124 [2022] PIERC 123 [2022] PIERC 122 [2022] PIERC 121 [2022] PIERC 120 [2022] PIERC 119 [2022] PIERC 118 [2022] PIERC 117 [2021] PIERC 116 [2021] PIERC 115 [2021] PIERC 114 [2021] PIERC 113 [2021] PIERC 112 [2021] PIERC 111 [2021] PIERC 110 [2021] PIERC 109 [2021] PIERC 108 [2021] PIERC 107 [2021] PIERC 106 [2020] PIERC 105 [2020] PIERC 104 [2020] PIERC 103 [2020] PIERC 102 [2020] PIERC 101 [2020] PIERC 100 [2020] PIERC 99 [2020] PIERC 98 [2020] PIERC 97 [2019] PIERC 96 [2019] PIERC 95 [2019] PIERC 94 [2019] PIERC 93 [2019] PIERC 92 [2019] PIERC 91 [2019] PIERC 90 [2019] PIERC 89 [2019] PIERC 88 [2018] PIERC 87 [2018] PIERC 86 [2018] PIERC 85 [2018] PIERC 84 [2018] PIERC 83 [2018] PIERC 82 [2018] PIERC 81 [2018] PIERC 80 [2018] PIERC 79 [2017] PIERC 78 [2017] PIERC 77 [2017] PIERC 76 [2017] PIERC 75 [2017] PIERC 74 [2017] PIERC 73 [2017] PIERC 72 [2017] PIERC 71 [2017] PIERC 70 [2016] PIERC 69 [2016] PIERC 68 [2016] PIERC 67 [2016] PIERC 66 [2016] PIERC 65 [2016] PIERC 64 [2016] PIERC 63 [2016] PIERC 62 [2016] PIERC 61 [2016] PIERC 60 [2015] PIERC 59 [2015] PIERC 58 [2015] PIERC 57 [2015] PIERC 56 [2015] PIERC 55 [2014] PIERC 54 [2014] PIERC 53 [2014] PIERC 52 [2014] PIERC 51 [2014] PIERC 50 [2014] PIERC 49 [2014] PIERC 48 [2014] PIERC 47 [2014] PIERC 46 [2014] PIERC 45 [2013] PIERC 44 [2013] PIERC 43 [2013] PIERC 42 [2013] PIERC 41 [2013] PIERC 40 [2013] PIERC 39 [2013] PIERC 38 [2013] PIERC 37 [2013] PIERC 36 [2013] PIERC 35 [2013] PIERC 34 [2013] PIERC 33 [2012] PIERC 32 [2012] PIERC 31 [2012] PIERC 30 [2012] PIERC 29 [2012] PIERC 28 [2012] PIERC 27 [2012] PIERC 26 [2012] PIERC 25 [2012] PIERC 24 [2011] PIERC 23 [2011] PIERC 22 [2011] PIERC 21 [2011] PIERC 20 [2011] PIERC 19 [2011] PIERC 18 [2011] PIERC 17 [2010] PIERC 16 [2010] PIERC 15 [2010] PIERC 14 [2010] PIERC 13 [2010] PIERC 12 [2010] PIERC 11 [2009] PIERC 10 [2009] PIERC 9 [2009] PIERC 8 [2009] PIERC 7 [2009] PIERC 6 [2009] PIERC 5 [2008] PIERC 4 [2008] PIERC 3 [2008] PIERC 2 [2008] PIERC 1 [2008]
2022-10-04
Design of Flexible Dual-Band Tree Fractal Antenna for Wearable Applications
By
Progress In Electromagnetics Research C, Vol. 125, 51-66, 2022
Abstract
A dual-band flexible monopole antenna for wearable applications is presented. The antenna structure is built based on Tree-shaped fractal geometry. The suggested antenna is printed on Rogers RT5870, a semi-flexible material with a relative dielectric constant and loss tangent of 2.33 and 0.0012, respectively. According to the results, the proposed antenna achieves dual impedance bandwidth ranging from 1.72 GHz to 1.88 GHz for the lower band and 5.1 GHz to 5.33 GHz for the upper band. The simulated results show that the fractional impedance bandwidths and realized gains of the antenna are 8.9/4.8%, and 1.47/5.67 dBi for the 1.81/5.2 GHz, respectively. The antenna's performance under various bending scenarios has also been demonstrated at both resonant frequencies. The overall size of the proposed antenna is about 45×41×0.25 mm3. The antenna shows good performance to be a candidate for wearable applications.
Citation
Aya N. Alkhafaji, Sinan M. Abdulsatar, and Jawad Kadhim Ali, "Design of Flexible Dual-Band Tree Fractal Antenna for Wearable Applications," Progress In Electromagnetics Research C, Vol. 125, 51-66, 2022.
doi:10.2528/PIERC22062601
References

1. Manna, S., T. Bose, and R. Bera, "Wearable antennas for medical application: A review," Advances in Electronics, Communication and Computing, 115-130, Springer, Berlin, Germany, 2018, doi: 10.1007/978-981-10-4765-7 13.

2. Lee, H., J. Tak, and J. Choi, "Wearable antenna integrated into military berets for indoor/outdoor positioning system," IEEE Antennas and Wireless Propagation Letters, Vol. 16, 1919-1922, Mar. 2017, doi: 10.1109/LAWP.2017.2688400.
doi:10.1109/LAWP.2017.2688400

3. Paracha, K. N., S. K. A. Rahim, P. J. Soh, and M. Khalily, "Wearable antennas: A review of materials, structures, and innovative features for autonomous communication and sensing," IEEE Access, Vol. 7, 2019, doi: 10.1109/ACCESS.2019.2909146.

4. Dey, A. B., D. Mitra, and W. Arif, "Design of CPW fed multiband antenna for wearable wireless body area network applications," International Journal of RF and Microwave Computer-aided Engineering, Vol. 30, No. 12, 2020, https://doi.org/10.1002/mmce.22459.
doi:10.1002/mmce.22459

5. Yan, S. and G. A. E. Vandenbosch, "Radiation pattern-reconfigurable wearable antenna based on metamaterial structure," IEEE Antennas and Wireless Propagation Letters, Vol. 15, 1715-1718, 2016, doi: 10.1109/LAWP.2016.2528299.
doi:10.1109/LAWP.2016.2528299

6. Yassen, M. T., M. R. Hussan, H. A. Hammas, A. J. Salim, and J. K. Ali, "Design of compact dual-band fractal monopole antenna with virtually extended ground plane," Advanced Electromagnetics, Vol. 7, No. 4, Aug. 2018, doi: https://doi.org/10.7716/aem.v7i4.725.
doi:10.7716/aem.v7i4.725

7. Kazerooni, H. and A. Khavasi, "Plasmonic fractals: Ultrabroadband light trapping in thin film solar cells by a Sierpinski nanocarpet," Opt. Quant. Electron., 2013, doi: 10.1007/s11082-013-9783-0.

8. Jafari, H., H. Heidarzadeh, G. Rostami, M. Dolatyari, and A. Rostami, "Continuous terahertz wave generation based on photomixers coupled to Fibonacci fractal tree antennas," Opt. Quant. Electron., 2016, doi: 10.1007/s11082-016-0810-9.

9. Arif, A., M. Zubair, M. Ali, M. U. Khan, and M. Q. Mehmood, "A compact, low-profile fractal antenna for wearable on-body WBAN applications," IEEE Antennas and Wireless Propagation Letters, Vol. 18, No. 5, 981-985, May 2019, doi: 10.1109/LAWP.2019.2906829.
doi:10.1109/LAWP.2019.2906829

10. Wang, L., J. Yu, T. Xie, and K. Bi, "A novel multiband fractal antenna for wireless application," International Journal of Antennas and Propagation, Vol. 2021, Article ID 9926753, 9 pages, 2021, https://doi.org/10.1155/2021/9926753.

11. Zhou, Z., W. Liao, Q. Zhang, F. Han, and Y. Chen, "A multi-band fractal antenna for RF energy harvesting," 2016 IEEE International Symposium on Antennas and Propagation (APSURSI), Fajardo, PR, USA, 2016, doi: 10.1109/APS.2016.7696017.

12. Weng, W.-C. and C.-L. Hung, "An H-fractal antenna for multiband applications," IEEE Antennas and Wireless Propagation Letters, 2014, doi: 10.1109/LAWP.2014.2351618.

13. Roushdy, M. M. and H. F. Hammad, "Inkjet printed wearable Hilbert monopole fractal antenna optimized for BAN systems," National Radio Science Conference, Aswan, Egypt, Feb. 22-25, 2016, doi: 10.1109/NRSC.2016.7450817.

14. Petkov, P. Z. and B. G. Bonev, "Analysis of a modified Sierpinski Gasket antenna for Wi-Fi aplications," 24th International Conference Radioelektronika, 2014, doi: 10.1109/Radioelek.2014.6828489.

15. Elavarasi, C. and T. Shanmuganantham, "Multiband SRR loaded Koch star fractal antenna," Alexandria Engineering Journal, Vol. 57, 1549-1555, 2018, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.aej.2017.04.001.
doi:10.1016/j.aej.2017.04.001

16. Ali, J., S. Abdulkareem, A. Hammoodi, A. Salim, M. Yassen, M. Hussan, and H. Al-Rizzo, "Cantor fractal-based printed slot antenna for dual-band wireless applications," International Journal of Microwave and Wireless Technologies, Vol. 8, No. 2, 263-270, Mar. 2016, doi: https://doi.org/10.1017/S1759078714001469.
doi:10.1017/S1759078714001469

17. Silva Neto, V. P. and A. G. D'Assunção, "Iterative full-wave analysis of mandelbrot-inspired fractal patch antenna on textile substrate for UWB applications," International Journal of Antennas and Propagation, Vol. 2017, Article ID 4686315, 6 pages, 2017, https://doi.org/10.1155/2017/4686315.

18. Biswas, B., R. Ghatak, and D. R. Poddar, "A Fern fractal leaf inspired wideband antipodal vivaldi antenna for microwave imaging system," IEEE Transactions on Antennas and Propagation, 2017, doi: 10.1109/TAP.2017.2748361.

19. Hatem, G. M., A. J. Salim, T. A. Elwi, H. T. Ziboon, J. H. Majeed, and J. K. Ali, "Wunderlich fractal-based printed dual-band dipole antenna for wearable RFID applications," Journal of Engineering and Applied Sciences, Vol. 14, No. 4, 1093-1099, 2019, doi: 10.36478/jeasci.2019.1093.1099.
doi:10.36478/jeasci.2019.1093.1099

20. Ahmed, M. I. and M. F. Ahmed, "Fractal antennas for wearable applications," Fractal Analysis, 2018, Intechopen, doi: 10.5772/intechopen.81503.

21. Barreto, E. L. and L. M. Mendonça, "A new triple band microstrip fractal antenna for C-band and S-band applications," Journal of Microwaves, Optoelectronics and Electromagnetic Applications, Vol. 15, No. 3, 2016, doi: 10.1590/2179-10742016v15i3543.
doi:10.1590/2179-10742016v15i3543

22. Hatem, G. M., A. J. Salim, and J. K. Ali, "Wearable Sierpinski dragon fractal patch antenna for RFID applications," International Conference on Engineering Sciences Applications, Dec. 2014, doi: 10.13140/RG.2.1.3647.1529.

23. Silva Junior, P. F., E. E. C. Santana, M. S. S. Pinto, R. C. S. Freire, M. A. Oliveira, G. Fontgalland, and P. H. F. Silva, "Flexible wearable pre-fractal antennas for personal high-temperature monitoring," Wireless Personal Communications, Vol. 114, 1983-1998, 2020, https://doi.org/10.1007/s11277-020-07458-0.
doi:10.1007/s11277-020-07458-0

24. Sran, S. S. and J. S. Sivia, "ANN and IFS based wearable hybrid fractal antenna with DGS for S, C and X band application," International Journal of Electronics and Communications, Aug. 2020, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.aeue.2020.153425.

25. Sahni, S., V. Gupta, and S. Negi, "Design and simulation of pythagorean tree monopole fractal antenna," International Journal of Scientific & Engineering Research, Vol. 6, No. 1, Jan. 2015.

26. Shrestha, S., S. R. Le, and D.-Y. Choi, "A new fractal-based miniaturized dual band patch antenna for RF energy harvesting," International Journal of Antennas and Propagation, Vol. 2014, Article ID 805052, 9 pages, 2014, https://doi.org/10.1155/2014/805052.

27. Stevens, R. T., Fractal Programming in C, M&T Books, Redwood City, CA, 1989.

28. Sreelakshmy, R., S. Ashok Kumar, and T. Shanmuganantham, "A wearable type embroidered logo antenna at ISM band for military applications," Microwave and Optical Technology Letters, Vol. 59, 2159-2163, 2017.
doi:10.1002/mop.30697

29. Seman, F. C., F. Ramadhan, N. S. Ishak, R. Yuwono, Z. Z. Abidin, S. H. Dahlan, S. M. Shah, and A. Y. I. Ashyap, "Performance evaluation of a star-shaped patch antenna on polyimide film under various bending conditions for wearable applications," Progress In Electromagnetics Research Letters, Vol. 85, 125-130, 2019.
doi:10.2528/PIERL19022102

30. Mandal, D. and S. S. Pattnaik, "Quad-band wearable slot antenna with low SAR values for 1.8 GHz DCS, 2.4 GHz WLAN and 3.6/5.5 GHz WiMAX applications," Progress In Electromagnetics Research B, Vol. 81, 163-182, 2018.
doi:10.2528/PIERB18052504

31. Hamouda, Z., J.-L. Wojkiewicz, A. A. Pud, L. Koné, S. Bergheul, and T. Lasri, "Magnetodielectric nanocomposite polymer-based dual-band flexible antenna for wearable applications," IEEE Transactions on Antennas and Propagation, Vol. 66, 3271-3277, 2018.
doi:10.1109/TAP.2018.2826573