Vol. 157
Latest Volume
All Volumes
PIERC 162 [2025] PIERC 161 [2025] PIERC 160 [2025] PIERC 159 [2025] PIERC 158 [2025] PIERC 157 [2025] PIERC 156 [2025] PIERC 155 [2025] PIERC 154 [2025] PIERC 153 [2025] PIERC 152 [2025] PIERC 151 [2025] PIERC 150 [2024] PIERC 149 [2024] PIERC 148 [2024] PIERC 147 [2024] PIERC 146 [2024] PIERC 145 [2024] PIERC 144 [2024] PIERC 143 [2024] PIERC 142 [2024] PIERC 141 [2024] PIERC 140 [2024] PIERC 139 [2024] PIERC 138 [2023] PIERC 137 [2023] PIERC 136 [2023] PIERC 135 [2023] PIERC 134 [2023] PIERC 133 [2023] PIERC 132 [2023] PIERC 131 [2023] PIERC 130 [2023] PIERC 129 [2023] PIERC 128 [2023] PIERC 127 [2022] PIERC 126 [2022] PIERC 125 [2022] PIERC 124 [2022] PIERC 123 [2022] PIERC 122 [2022] PIERC 121 [2022] PIERC 120 [2022] PIERC 119 [2022] PIERC 118 [2022] PIERC 117 [2021] PIERC 116 [2021] PIERC 115 [2021] PIERC 114 [2021] PIERC 113 [2021] PIERC 112 [2021] PIERC 111 [2021] PIERC 110 [2021] PIERC 109 [2021] PIERC 108 [2021] PIERC 107 [2021] PIERC 106 [2020] PIERC 105 [2020] PIERC 104 [2020] PIERC 103 [2020] PIERC 102 [2020] PIERC 101 [2020] PIERC 100 [2020] PIERC 99 [2020] PIERC 98 [2020] PIERC 97 [2019] PIERC 96 [2019] PIERC 95 [2019] PIERC 94 [2019] PIERC 93 [2019] PIERC 92 [2019] PIERC 91 [2019] PIERC 90 [2019] PIERC 89 [2019] PIERC 88 [2018] PIERC 87 [2018] PIERC 86 [2018] PIERC 85 [2018] PIERC 84 [2018] PIERC 83 [2018] PIERC 82 [2018] PIERC 81 [2018] PIERC 80 [2018] PIERC 79 [2017] PIERC 78 [2017] PIERC 77 [2017] PIERC 76 [2017] PIERC 75 [2017] PIERC 74 [2017] PIERC 73 [2017] PIERC 72 [2017] PIERC 71 [2017] PIERC 70 [2016] PIERC 69 [2016] PIERC 68 [2016] PIERC 67 [2016] PIERC 66 [2016] PIERC 65 [2016] PIERC 64 [2016] PIERC 63 [2016] PIERC 62 [2016] PIERC 61 [2016] PIERC 60 [2015] PIERC 59 [2015] PIERC 58 [2015] PIERC 57 [2015] PIERC 56 [2015] PIERC 55 [2014] PIERC 54 [2014] PIERC 53 [2014] PIERC 52 [2014] PIERC 51 [2014] PIERC 50 [2014] PIERC 49 [2014] PIERC 48 [2014] PIERC 47 [2014] PIERC 46 [2014] PIERC 45 [2013] PIERC 44 [2013] PIERC 43 [2013] PIERC 42 [2013] PIERC 41 [2013] PIERC 40 [2013] PIERC 39 [2013] PIERC 38 [2013] PIERC 37 [2013] PIERC 36 [2013] PIERC 35 [2013] PIERC 34 [2013] PIERC 33 [2012] PIERC 32 [2012] PIERC 31 [2012] PIERC 30 [2012] PIERC 29 [2012] PIERC 28 [2012] PIERC 27 [2012] PIERC 26 [2012] PIERC 25 [2012] PIERC 24 [2011] PIERC 23 [2011] PIERC 22 [2011] PIERC 21 [2011] PIERC 20 [2011] PIERC 19 [2011] PIERC 18 [2011] PIERC 17 [2010] PIERC 16 [2010] PIERC 15 [2010] PIERC 14 [2010] PIERC 13 [2010] PIERC 12 [2010] PIERC 11 [2009] PIERC 10 [2009] PIERC 9 [2009] PIERC 8 [2009] PIERC 7 [2009] PIERC 6 [2009] PIERC 5 [2008] PIERC 4 [2008] PIERC 3 [2008] PIERC 2 [2008] PIERC 1 [2008]
2025-07-11
A Fabric-Based Double Rectangular Complementary Split Ring Resonator for Wideband Applications
By
Progress In Electromagnetics Research C, Vol. 157, 147-158, 2025
Abstract
This paper introduces a novel wideband antenna composed of fabric materials, suitable for wearable and flexible applications and a straightforward single-unit Metamaterial (MTM). The antenna design employs ShieldIT Super as the conductive fabric and Felt as the dielectric substrate, creating a lightweight and adaptable solution with dimensions of 58 mm × 34 mm × 2 mm. Operating over a frequency range of 1.88 to 6.88 GHz, the proposed antenna achieves a peak gain of 4.72 dBi and a radiation efficiency of 94%. The antenna has wide measured bandwidth from 1.2 to 3.5 GHz (97%) and 4.0 to 5.9 GHz (38%) with average measured gain of 3 dBi in the lower band and 4.6 dBi in the upper band. The MTM-inspired design features a double rectangular complementary split-ring resonator at the center of the radiating patch, which enhances bandwidth. The MTM structure exhibits epsilon-near-zero (ENZ) and Mu-negative (MNG) properties were proposed. This novel design illustrates significant advancements in wideband antenna performance and is suitable for fabric-based S band, C band, 5G, Wireless Body Area Network (WBAN), and microwave imaging applications.
Citation
Intan Shafinaz Abd. Razak, Zahriladha Zakaria, Ahmed Jamal Abdullah Al-Gburi, Maizatul Alice Meor Said, Ariffuddin Joret, Syah Alam, and Merih Palandoken, "A Fabric-Based Double Rectangular Complementary Split Ring Resonator for Wideband Applications," Progress In Electromagnetics Research C, Vol. 157, 147-158, 2025.
doi:10.2528/PIERC25031003
References

1. Esmail, Bashar A. F., Slawomir Koziel, and Stanislaw Szczepanski, "Overview of planar antenna loading metamaterials for gain performance enhancement: the two decades of progress," IEEE Access, Vol. 10, 27381-27403, 2022.

2. Iqbal, Komal and Qasim Umar Khan, "Review of metasurfaces through unit cell design and numerical extraction of parameters and their applications in antennas," IEEE Access, Vol. 10, 112368-112391, 2022.

3. Abdullah, Shakeeb, Gaozhi Xiao, and Rony E. Amaya, "A review on the history and current literature of metamaterials and its applications to antennas & radio frequency identification (RFID) devices," IEEE Journal of Radio Frequency Identification, Vol. 5, No. 4, 427-445, 2021.

4. Alibakhshikenari, Mohammad, Bal S. Virdee, Panchamkumar Shukla, Naser Ojaroudi Parchin, Leyre Azpilicueta, Chan Hwang See, Raed A. Abd-Alhameed, Francisco Falcone, Isabelle Huynen, Tayeb A. Denidni, and Ernesto Limiti, "Metamaterial-inspired antenna array for application in microwave breast imaging systems for tumor detection," IEEE Access, Vol. 8, 174667-174678, 2020.

5. Hossain, Kabir, Thennarasan Sabapathy, Muzammil Jusoh, Mahmoud A. Abdelghany, Ping Jack Soh, Mohamed Nasrun Osman, Mohd Najib Mohd Yasin, Hasliza A. Rahim, and Samir Salem Al-Bawri, "A negative index nonagonal CSRR metamaterial-based compact flexible planar monopole antenna for ultrawideband applications using viscose-wool felt," Polymers, Vol. 13, No. 16, 2819, 2021.

6. Daniel, R. Samson, R. Pandeeswari, and S. Raghavan, "A compact metamaterial loaded monopole antenna with offset-fed microstrip line for wireless applications," AEU --- International Journal of Electronics and Communications, Vol. 83, 88-94, 2018.

7. Ahmed, Sadiq, Zaid A. Abdul Hassain, Hussein A. Abdulnabi, and Mohammed Al-Saadi, "Design and bandwidth enhancement of zeroth-order resonator antenna using metamaterial," Telkomnika (Telecommunication Computing Electronics and Control), Vol. 20, No. 3, 494-500, 2022.

8. Ennajih, A., J. Zbitou, M. Latrach, A. Errkik, L. Abdellaoui, and A. Tajmouati, "A novel design of a miniature metamaterial antenna for RFID reader applications," Telkomnika (Telecommunication Computing Electronics and Control), Vol. 16, No. 1, 174-181, 2018.

9. Ghanbari, Leila, Asghar Keshtkar, and Saughar Jarchi, "A novel metamaterial-inspired UWB and ISM multiband antenna for wireless communications: Design and characteristic mode analysis," Progress In Electromagnetics Research C, Vol. 136, 1-12, 2023.

10. Abdelghany, Mahmoud A, Mohamed Fathy Abo Sree, Arpan Desai, and Ahmed A. Ibrahim, "Gain improvement of a dual-band CPW monopole antenna for sub-6 GHz 5G applications using AMC structures," Electronics, Vol. 11, No. 14, 2211, 2022.

11. Chaouche, Youcef Braham, Mourad Nedil, Ismail Ben Mabrouk, and Omar M. Ramahi, "A wearable circularly polarized antenna backed by AMC reflector for WBAN communications," IEEE Access, Vol. 10, 12838-12852, 2022.

12. Muhammad, Hevin A., Yadgar I. Abdulkarim, Peshwaz Abdulkareem Abdoul, Halgurd N. Awl, Fikret Alpay Teksen, Fatih O.̈zkan Alkurt, Muharrem Karaaslan, Mehmet Bakır, and Bhargav Appasani, "A highly flexible and low-profile metasurface antenna for wearable WBAN systems," Optik, Vol. 313, 171974, 2024.

13. Islam, Md. Tarikul, Mohammad Tariqul Islam, Md. Samsuzzaman, Haslina Arshad, and Hatem Rmili, "Metamaterial loaded nine high gain vivaldi antennas array for microwave breast imaging application," IEEE Access, Vol. 8, 227678-227689, 2020.

14. Al-Gburi, Ahmed Jamal Abdullah, Imran Bin Mohd Ibrahim, Mohammed Yousif Zeain, and Zahriladha Zakaria, "Compact size and high gain of CPW-fed UWB strawberry artistic shaped printed monopole antennas using FSS single layer reflector," IEEE Access, Vol. 8, 92697-92707, 2020.

15. Çelenk, E. and Nurhan Türker Tokan, "All-textile on-body metasurface antenna," Progress In Electromagnetics Research M, Vol. 110, 119-131, 2022.

16. Hossain, Kabir, Thennarasan Sabapathy, Muzammil Jusoh, Shen-Han Lee, Khairul Shakir Ab Rahman, and Muhammad Ramlee Kamarudin, "Negative index metamaterial-based frequency-reconfigurable textile CPW antenna for microwave imaging of breast cancer," Sensors, Vol. 22, No. 4, 1626, 2022.

17. Moumen, Ismail, Mourad Elhabchi, Mohamed Nabil Srifi, and Raja Touahni, "Metamaterial inspired circular antenna for Bluetooth band integration," Telkomnika (Telecommunication Computing Electronics and Control), Vol. 22, No. 3, 510-518, 2024.

18. Nayat-Ali, Oumaima, Fatima Zohra Khoutar, Mariem Aznabet, Otman E. Mrabet, and Mohsine Khalladi, "A low-cost four circularly polarized antenna loaded with a complementary split ring resonator for beam steering applications," Progress In Electromagnetics Research C, Vol. 152, 13-18, 2025.

19. Abdollahvand, Mousa, Eduardo Martinez-de-Rioja, Jose A. Encinar, Kanishka Katoch, Amir Ebrahimi, and Saptarshi Ghosh, "Reconfigurable FSS with a switchable passband for space applications in X and Ka bands," 2022 16th European Conference on Antennas and Propagation (EuCAP), 1-4, Madrid, Spain, Mar. 2022.

20. Abdollahvand, Mousa, Eduardo Martinez-de-Rioja, Jose A. Encinar, and Kanishka Katoch, "Dual-band single-layer frequency selective surface for millimeter-Wave 5G applications," 2023 17th European Conference on Antennas and Propagation (EuCAP), 1-3, Florence, Italy, Mar. 2023.

21. Al-Gburi, Ahmed Jamal Abdullah, Mohd Muzafar Ismail, Naba Jasim Mohammed, and Thamer A. H. Alghamdi, "SAR flexible antenna advancements: Highly conductive polymer-graphene oxide-silver nanocomposites," Progress In Electromagnetics Research M, Vol. 127, 23-30, 2024.

22. Hossain, Md. Bellal, Mohammad Rashed Iqbal Faruque, Ahmed S. Alshammari, and Mohammad Tariqul Islam, "Wide bandwidth enriched symmetric hexagonal split ring resonator based triple band negative permittivity metamaterial for satellite and Wi-Fi applications," Results in Physics, Vol. 37, 105511, 2022.

23. Hussain, Altaf, Jian Dong, Yadgar I. Abdulkarim, Rigeng Wu, Fahmi F. Muhammadsharif, Ronghua Shi, and M. M. R. Howlader, "A double negative (DNG) metamaterial based on parallel double-E square split resonators for multi-band applications: Simulation and experiment," Results in Physics, Vol. 46, 106302, 2023.

24. Mahmood, Sarmad Nozad, Asnor Juraiza Ishak, Tale Saeidi, Hussein Alsariera, Sameer Alani, Alyani Ismail, and Azura Che Soh, "Recent advances in wearable antenna technologies: A review," Progress In Electromagnetics Research B, Vol. 89, 1-27, 2020.

25. Radi, Nor Hadzfizah Mohd, Mohd Muzafar Ismail, Zahriladha Zakaria, Jeefferie Abd Razak, and Siti Nur Illia Abdullah, "Development and design of wearable textile antenna on various fabric substrate for unlicensed ultra-wideband applications," Telkomnika (Telecommunication Computing Electronics and Control), Vol. 20, No. 6, 1181-1188, 2022.

26. Muhammad, Hevin A., Yadgar I. Abdulkarim, Peshwaz Abdulkareem Abdoul, and Jian Dong, "Textile and metasurface integrated wide-band wearable antenna for wireless body area network applications," AEU --- International Journal of Electronics and Communications, Vol. 169, 154759, 2023.

27. Nurhayati, Nurhayati, Agam N. D. N. Fahmi, Pradini Puspitaningayu, Oce Wiriawan, Brian Raafi'u, Fitri A. Iskandarianto, Ahmed J. A. Al-Gburi, A. Varshney, and Safpbri Johari, "Wearable wideband textile coplanar vivaldi antenna for medical and IoT application," Progress In Electromagnetics Research C, Vol. 148, 145-156, 2024.

28. Yalduz, Husnu, Timucin Emre Tabaru, Veli Tayfun Kilic, and Mustafa Turkmen, "Design and analysis of low profile and low SAR full-textile UWB wearable antenna with metamaterial for WBAN applications," AEU --- International Journal of Electronics and Communications, Vol. 126, 153465, 2020.

29. Elsheakh, Dalia M., Soha A. Alsherif, and Angie R. Eldamak, "Textile monopole sensors for breast cancer detection," Telecommunication Systems, Vol. 82, No. 3, 363-379, 2023.

30. Mahmood, Sarmad Nozad, Asnor Juraiza Ishak, Tale Saeidi, Azura Che Soh, Ali Jalal, Muhammad Ali Imran, and Qammer H. Abbasi, "Full ground ultra-wideband wearable textile antenna for breast cancer and wireless body area network applications," Micromachines, Vol. 12, No. 3, 322, 2021.

31. Roy, Sourav and Ujjal Chakraborty, "Metamaterial based dual wideband wearable antenna for wireless applications," Wireless Personal Communications, Vol. 106, No. 3, 1117-1133, 2019.

32. Zhang, Kai, Ping Jack Soh, and Sen Yan, "Design of a compact dual-band textile antenna based on metasurface," IEEE Transactions on Biomedical Circuits and Systems, Vol. 16, No. 2, 211-221, Apr. 2022.

33. Hussain, Musa, Md. Abu Sufian, Mohammed S. Alzaidi, Syeda Iffat Naqvi, Niamat Hussain, Dalia H. Elkamchouchi, Mohamed Fathy Abo Sree, and Sara Yehia Abdel Fatah, "Bandwidth and gain enhancement of a CPW antenna using frequency selective surface for UWB applications," Micromachines, Vol. 14, No. 3, 591, 2023.

34. Gupta, Nancy, Jyoti Saxena, Kamaljit Singh Bhatia, and Romil Kumar, "A compact CPW-fed planar stacked circle patch antenna for wideband applications," Wireless Personal Communications, Vol. 116, No. 4, 3247-3260, 2021.

35. Hossen, Md. Shakhawat, Ahsanul Hoque, Mohammad Tariqul Islam, Phumin Kirawanich, Mohd Hafiz Baharuddin, Haitham Alsaif, and Mohamed S. Soliman, "DNG metamaterial-inspired slotted stub antenna with enhanced gain, efficiency and distributed current for early stage bone fracture detection applications," IEEE Sensors Journal, Vol. 24, No. 22, 37932-37946, 2024.

36. Dawar, Parul, N. S. Raghava, and Asok De, "UWB metamaterial-loaded antenna for C-band applications," International Journal of Antennas and Propagation, Vol. 2019, No. 1, 6087039, 2019.

37. Milias, Christos, Rasmus B. Andersen, Pavlos I. Lazaridis, Zaharias D. Zaharis, Bilal Muhammad, Jes T. B. Kristensen, Albena Mihovska, and Dan D. S. Hermansen, "Metamaterial-inspired antennas: A review of the state of the art and future design challenges," IEEE Access, Vol. 9, 89846-89865, 2021.

38. Bahl, Inder J., Lumped Elements for RF and Microwave Circuits, Artech House, 2022.

39. Sahu, Nibash Kumar and Sanjeev Kumar Mishra, "Compact dual-band dual-polarized monopole antennas using via-free metasurfaces for off-body communications," IEEE Antennas and Wireless Propagation Letters, Vol. 21, No. 7, 1358-1362, 2022.

40. Bait-Suwailam, Mohammed M., Isidoro I. Labiano, and Akram Alomainy, "Impedance enhancement of textile grounded loop antenna using high-impedance surface (HIS) for healthcare applications," Sensors, Vol. 20, No. 14, 3809, 2020.

41. Bait-Suwailam, Mohammed M. and Akram Alomainy, "Flexible analytical curve-based dual-band antenna for wireless body area networks," Progress In Electromagnetics Research M, Vol. 84, 73-84, 2019.