volume | PIER Journals

Abstract

To enhance the stability of the spindle drive system in computer numerical control (CNC) machine tools and ensure machining accuracy by reducing non-ideal torque fluctuations caused by current harmonics during high-precision processes, a multi-factor harmonic current suppression algorithm based on an extended state observer (ESO) is proposed. Firstly, a mathematical model of the permanent magnet synchronous motor (PMSM) is established, and the current measurement offset errors (CMOEs) and their effects on the current waveform are analyzed in depth. Subsequently, the zero-point lag phenomenon of the voltage source inverter (VSI) and its resulting harmonic characteristics are discussed in detail. Furthermore, the compensation principles for CMOE and VSI dead-time nonlinear distortion are elucidated, and a corresponding ESO structure is designed through theoretical derivation. The proposed method constructs a unified perturbation model and designs adaptive ESO to achieve cooperative compensation. A comparative analysis of the control strategy's performance before and after optimization validates the significant effectiveness of the proposed method in harmonic suppression. Experimental results show that the proposed strategy reduces the total harmonic distortion (THD) of the phase current to 3.28%, and key harmonics such as the 5th and 7th are suppressed to much lower levels. Torque ripple and speed fluctuation are significantly reduced, effectively improving the operational stability of the motor. The experimental results indicate that the proposed dual compensation scheme for dead-time and DC offset current can effectively reduce harmonic distortion and significantly enhance the operational performance of the PMSM.

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Dr. Yang Yu

Mr. Zehua Gong

Dr. Xin Wang