volume | PIER Journals

Abstract

An X-band active radial-waveguide pulsed power amplifier (PA) with high power and high power added efficiency (PAE) is designed, fabricated, and measured in this paper. A bandwidth of 1000 MHz with peak power level of 53.2 dBm at the frequency 9.85 GHz, under the condition of 4 KHz pulse repeat frequency (PRF) and 10% of duty cycle, has been obtained by five-way radial waveguide power combiner. Key features of this combined device are its maximum PAE (>43.6%) and combining efficiency (>92.8%). From 9.5 to 10.5 GHz, the pulsed solid-state power amplifier (PSSPA) can provide a minimum output power level 51.4 dBm, which operates on the repeat frequency 4 KHz, duty cycle 10%. The gain varied between 41.4 and 43.1 dB at the desired frequency range, with only less than ±0.9-dB gain variation, which displayed a flat gain ripple. The PAE of the active combiner fluctuated between 36.5% and 43.6% as frequency varied from 9.5 to 10.5 GHz.

1. Gregers-Hansen, V., "Radar systems trade-offs, vacuum electronics vs. solid-state," Proc. 5th IEEE Inter. Conf. Vacuum Electronics, 12-13, Apr. 2004. Google Scholar

2. Giacomo, M. D., "Solid-state RF amplifiers for accelerator applications," Proc. Particle Accelerator Conf., May 2009.

3. Symons, R. S., "Modern microwave power sources," IEEE AESS Systems Magazine, Vol. 17, 19-26, Jan. 2002.
doi:10.1109/62.978360 Google Scholar

4. Koryu Ishii, T., Microwave Technology: Components and Devices, (Handbook Style), Academic Press Inc., 1995.

5. Schirmer, A., "Emission of parasitic X-rays from military radar transmitters and exposure of personnel: Towards a retrospective assessment," Proc. 2nd European IRPA Cong. Radiation Protection, Paris, May 2006.

6. Gouker, M. A., "Spatial power combining," Active and Quasi-optical Arrays for Solid-state Power Combining, R. A. York and Z. B. Popovic (eds.), Wiley, New York, 1997. Google Scholar

7. Cheng, N. S., T. P. Dao, M. G. Case, D. B. Rensch, and R. A. York, "A 120-wattX-band spatially combined solid state amplifier," IEEE Trans. Mircow. Theory Tech., Vol. 47, No. 12, 2557-2561, Dec. 1999.
doi:10.1109/22.809006 Google Scholar

8. Bialkowski, M. E. and V. P. Waris, "Electromagnetic model of a planar radial-waveguide divider/combiner incorporating probes," IEEE Trans. Microw. Theory Tech., Vol. 41, No. 6-7, 1126-1134, Jun. 1993.
doi:10.1109/22.238537 Google Scholar

9. Schellenberg, J. and M. Cohn, "A wideband radial power combiner for FET amplifiers," IEEE ISSC Int. Dig., 164-165, 1978. Google Scholar

10. Song, K. J., Y. Fan, and Z. R. He, "Broadband radial waveguide spatial combiner," IEEE Microwave and Wireless Components Letters, Vol. 18, No. 2, 73-75, Feb. 2008.
doi:10.1109/LMWC.2007.911984 Google Scholar

11. Gilmore, R. and L. Besser, Practical RF Circuit Design for Modern Wireless Systems (Volume II), Artech House, Norwood, MA, 2003.

12. Sayre, C. W., Complete Wireless Design, 2nd Ed., McGraw-Hill, 2008.

13. Lacombe, D. and J. Cohen, "Octave-band microstrip DC blocks," IEEE Trans. Microwave Technology Tech., Vol. 20, 555-556, Aug. 1972.
doi:10.1109/TMTT.1972.1127808 Google Scholar

14. Ho, C. Y., "Analysis of DC blocks using coupled lines," IEEE Trans. Microwave Technology Tech., Vol. 23, 773-774, Sep. 1975.
doi:10.1109/TMTT.1975.1128675 Google Scholar

15. Kajfez, D. and B. S. Vidula, "Design equations for symmetric microstrip DC blocks," IEEE Trans. Microwave Technology Tech., Vol. 28, 974-981, Sep. 1980.
doi:10.1109/TMTT.1980.1130205 Google Scholar

16. Dixon, P., "Dampening cavity resonance using absorber material," RF Design Magazine, 16-19, May 2004. Google Scholar

17. Syrett, B. A., "A broadband element for microstrip bias or tuning circuits," IEEE Trans. MTT, Vol. 28, No. 8, 488-491, Aug. 1980.
doi:10.1109/TMTT.1980.1130193 Google Scholar

18. Basset, R., High power GaAs FET device bias considerations, Fujitsu Compound Semiconductor, Inc., Application Note, No. 010, http://www.fcsi.fujitsu.com/.

19. Zhang, B., Y.-Z. Xiong, L. Wang, S. Hu, T.-G. Lim, Y.- Q. Zhuang, and L.-W. Li, "A D-band power amplifier with 30-GHz bandwidth and 4.5-dBm psat for high-speed communication system," Progress In Electromagnetics Research, Vol. 107, 161-178, 2010.
doi:10.2528/PIER10060806 Google Scholar

20. Mandeep, J. S., A. Lokesh, S. I. S. Hassan, M. N. Mahmud, and M. F. Ain, "Design of cartesian feedback RF power amplifier for L-band frequency range," Progress In Electromagnetics Research B, Vol. 2, 207-222, 2008.
doi:10.2528/PIERB07111901 Google Scholar

21. Jiménez-Martín, J. L., V. Gonzalez-Posadas, J. E. Gonzalez-Garcia, F. J. Arques-Orobon, L. E. Garcia-Munoz, and D. Segovia-Vargas, "Dual band high efficiency class CE power amplifier based on CRLH diplexer," Progress In Electromagnetics Research, Vol. 97, 217-240, 2009.
doi:10.2528/PIER09071609 Google Scholar

22. Lee, M.-W., S.-H. Kam, Y.-S. Lee, and Y.-H. Jeong, "A highly efficient three-stage Doherty power amplifier with flat gain for WCDMA applications," Journal of Electromagnetic Waves and Applications, Vol. 24, No. 17-18, 2537-2545, 2010.
doi:10.1163/156939310793675619 Google Scholar

23. Bialkowski, M. E. and V. P. Waristt, "A systematic approach to the design of radial-waveguide dividers/combiners," Asia-pacific Microwave Conference, 881-884, 1992.

24. Fathy, A. E., S.-W. Lee, and D. Kalokitis, "A simplified design approach for radial power combiners," IEEE Trans. on MTT, Vol. 54, No. 1, 247-255, Jan. 2006.
doi:10.1109/TMTT.2005.860302 Google Scholar

Prof. Hui Chen

Dr. Xin-Feng Ji

Dr. Lu-Jun Jiang

Dr. Yu-Xing Zhang