volume | PIER Journals

Abstract

In recently developed wireless communication systems, circular polarization (CP) antennas are used for communication links to reduce the natural loss effect in receivers. Therefore, in this paper, a dual-band microstrip slot antenna based on a parallel split ring resonator with circular and linear polarization which can be used for wireless and WiMAX applications is presented. The final antenna to design is based on inspired split ring resonators (SRR) to achieve circular polarization and compact size and with special parallel form of the SRR and straight feed line. We have achieved higher bandwidth in the requested frequency range with dual-band characteristics. The final antenna has a bidirectional pattern with circular polarization at the range of 2.9-3.65 GHz and bandwidths of 2-3.6 and 3.8-4.8 GHz with VSWR<2 for WLAN, Bluetooth and radar applications for IEEE WLAN protocol with gain of 5-6 dBi, respectively. The size of the prototype patch antenna is 40×40 mm². It is designed and fabricated on an FR-4 low cost substrate with ε_r=4.4 and a thickness of 1.6 mm. It is simulated using HFSS full wave software. In addition, the experimental results are presented and compared with simulation for VSWR, radiation patterns and axial ratio. The periodic analysis has been used for extracting the metamaterial parameters.

1. Al Farooqui, M. A., J. Breeland, M. I. Aslam, M. Sadatgol, c. K. Ozdemir, M. Tame, L. Yang, and D. O. Guney, "Quantum entanglement distillation with metamaterials," Optics Express, Vol. 23, No. 14, 17941-17954, 2015.
doi:10.1364/OE.23.017941 Google Scholar

2. Zhang, X., E. Usi, S. K. Khan, M. Sadatgol, and D. O. Gueney, "Extremely sub-wavelength negative index metamaterial," Progress In Electromagnetics Research, Vol. 152, 95-104, 2015. Google Scholar

3. Sanada, A., C. Caloz, and T. Itoh, "Characteristics of the composite right/left-handed transmission lines," IEEE Microwave and Wireless Components Letters, Vol. 14, No. 2, 68-70, 2004.
doi:10.1109/LMWC.2003.822563 Google Scholar

4. Buell, K., H. Mosallaei, and K. Sarabandi, "A substrate for small patch antennas providing tunable miniaturization factors," IEEE Transactions on Microwave Theory and Techniques, Vol. 54, No. 1, 135-146, 2006.
doi:10.1109/TMTT.2005.860329 Google Scholar

5. Ziolkowski, R. W. and N. Engheta, "Metamaterial special issue introduction," IEEE Transactions on Antennas and Propagation, Vol. 51, No. 10, 2546-2549, 2003.
doi:10.1109/TAP.2003.818317 Google Scholar

6. Smith, D. R., S. Schultz, P. Markos, and C. M. Soukoulis, "Determination of effective permittivity and permeability of metamaterials from reflection and transmission coefficients," Physical Review B, Vol. 65, No. 19, 195104, 2002.
doi:10.1103/PhysRevB.65.195104 Google Scholar

7. Marques, R., F. Mesa, J. Martel, and F. Medina, "Comparative analysis of edge-and broadsidecoupled split ring resonators for metamaterial design-theory and experiments," IEEE Transactions on Antennas and Propagation, Vol. 51, No. 10, 2572-2581, 2003.
doi:10.1109/TAP.2003.817562 Google Scholar

8. Kim, J., C. S. Cho, and J. W. Lee, "5.2GHz notched ultra-wideband antenna using slot-type SRR," Electronics Letters, Vol. 42, No. 6, 315-316, 2006.
doi:10.1049/el:20063713 Google Scholar

9. Kim, C., J. Jang, Y. Jung, H. Lee, J. Kim, S. Park, and M. S. Lee, "Design of a frequency notched UWB antenna using a slot-type SRR," AEU-International Journal of Electronics and Communications, Vol. 63, No. 12, 1087-1093, 2009.
doi:10.1016/j.aeue.2008.09.004 Google Scholar

10. Park, W.-K., S.-T. Han, and S.-S. Oh, "Frequency-tunability of a miniaturized waveguide filter loaded with a split-ring-resonator," Microwave and Optical Technology Letters, Vol. 55, No. 7, 1649-1653, 2013.
doi:10.1002/mop.27618 Google Scholar

11. Estep, N. A., A. N. Askarpour, and A. Alu, "Experimental demonstration of negative-index propagation in a rectangular waveguide loaded with complementary split-ring resonators," IEEE Antennas and Wireless Propagation Letters, Vol. 14, 119-122, 2015.
doi:10.1109/LAWP.2014.2356558 Google Scholar

12. Yoon, K.-C., J. H. Kim, and J.-C. Lee, "Band-pass filter with broad-side coupled triple split-ring resonator using left-handed metamaterial," Microwave and Optical Technology Letters, Vol. 53, No. 9, 2174-2177, 2011.
doi:10.1002/mop.26219 Google Scholar

13. Safwat, A. M. E., S. Tretyakov, and A. Raisanen, "Dual bandstop resonator using combined split ring resonator and defected ground structure," Microwave and Optical Technology Letters, Vol. 49, No. 6, 1249-1253, 2007.
doi:10.1002/mop.22464 Google Scholar

14. Zhu, S., D. G. Holtby, K. L. Ford, A. Tennant, and R. J. Langley, "Compact low frequency varactor loaded tunable SRR antenna," IEEE Transactions on Antennas and Propagation, Vol. 61, No. 4, 2301-2304, 2013.
doi:10.1109/TAP.2013.2239952 Google Scholar

15. Zuffanelli, S., G. Zamora, P. Aguila, F. Paredes, F. Martin, and J. Bonache, "On the radiation properties of Split-Ring Resonators (SRRs) at the second resonance," IEEE Transactions on Microwave Theory and Techniques, Vol. 63, No. 7, 2133-2141, 2015.
doi:10.1109/TMTT.2015.2432762 Google Scholar

16. Mumcu, G., A. Dey, and T. Palomo, "Frequency-agile bandpass filters using liquid metal tunable broadside coupled split ring resonators," IEEE Microwave and Wireless Components Letters, Vol. 23, No. 4, 187-189, 2013.
doi:10.1109/LMWC.2013.2247750 Google Scholar

17. Patel, S. K. and C. Argyropoulos, "Enhanced bandwidth and gain of compact microstrip antennas loaded with multiple corrugated split ring resonators," Journal of Electromagnetic Waves and Applications, Vol. 30, No. 7, 1-17, 2016.
doi:10.1080/09205071.2016.1167633 Google Scholar

18. Kuhestani, H., M. Rahimi, Z. Mansouri, F. B. Zarrabi, and R. Ahmadian, "Design of compact patch antenna based on metamaterial for WiMAX applications with circular polarization," Microwave and Optical Technology Letters, Vol. 57, No. 2, 357-360, 2015.
doi:10.1002/mop.28846 Google Scholar

19. Zarrabi, F. B., Z. Mansouri, R. Ahmadian, M. Rahimi, and H. Kuhestani, "Microstrip slot antenna applications with SRR for WiMAX/WLAN with linear and circular polarization," Microwave and Optical Technology Letters, Vol. 57, No. 6, 1332-1338, 2015.
doi:10.1002/mop.29080 Google Scholar

20. Chen, H.-M., K.-Y. Chiu, Y.-F. Lin, and S.-A. Yeh, "Circularly polarized slot antenna design and analysis using magnetic current distribution for RFID reader applications," Microwave and Optical Technology Letters, Vol. 54, No. 9, 2016-2023, 2012.
doi:10.1002/mop.27013 Google Scholar

21. Yohandri, J. T., S. Sumantyo, and H. Kuze, "A new triple proximity-fed circularly polarized microstrip antenna," AEU-International Journal of Electronics and Communications, Vol. 66, No. 5, 395-400, 2012.
doi:10.1016/j.aeue.2011.09.008 Google Scholar

22. Baharuddin, M., V. Wissan, and J. T. S. Sumantyo, "Elliptical microstrip antenna for circularly polarized synthetic aperture radar," AEU-International Journal of Electronics and Communications, Vol. 65, No. 1, 62-67, 2011.
doi:10.1016/j.aeue.2010.01.012 Google Scholar

23. Krishna Ram, R. V. S. and R. Kumar, "Design of ultra wideband trapezoidal shape slot antenna with circular polarization," AEU-International Journal of Electronics and Communications, Vol. 67, No. 12, 1038-1047, 2013.
doi:10.1016/j.aeue.2013.06.005 Google Scholar

24. Pouyanfar, N. and S. A. Rezaeieh, "Dual-polarized ultra wideband CPW-fed slot antenna with reconfigurable circular polarization characteristic for WiMax and WLAN applications," Microwave and Optical Technology Letters, Vol. 55, No. 9, 2023-2026, 2013.
doi:10.1002/mop.27743 Google Scholar

25. Row, J.-S. and Y.-D. Lin, "Miniaturized designs of circularly polarized slot antenna," Microwave and Optical Technology Letters, Vol. 56, No. 7, 1522-1526, 2014.
doi:10.1002/mop.28379 Google Scholar

26. Qing, X. and Z. N. Chen, "Dual-square-ring-shaped slot antenna for wideband circularly polarized radiation," Microwave and Optical Technology Letters, Vol. 56, No. 11, 2645-2649, 2014.
doi:10.1002/mop.28663 Google Scholar

27. Wang, X.-Y. and G.-M. Yang, "Dual frequency and dual circular polarization slot antenna for BeiDou navigation satellite system applications," Microwave and Optical Technology Letters, Vol. 56, No. 10, 2222-2225, 2014.
doi:10.1002/mop.28560 Google Scholar

28. Wei, C.-Y., J.-C. Liu, S.-S. Bor, T.-F. Hung, and C. C. Chen, "Compact single-feed circular slot antenna with asymmetrical C-shaped strips for WLAN/WiMAX triband and circular/elliptical polarizations," Microwave and Optical Technology Letters, Vol. 55, No. 2, 272-278, 2013.
doi:10.1002/mop.27300 Google Scholar

29. Pouyanfar, N., "Broadband square slot circularly polarized antenna for WiMAX and WLAN applications," Microwave and Optical Technology Letters, Vol. 55, No. 9, 2191-2195, 2013.
doi:10.1002/mop.27805 Google Scholar

30. Naser-Moghadasi, M., R. Ahmadian, Z. Mansouri, F. B. Zarrabi, and M. Rahimi, "Compact EBG structures for reduction of mutual coupling in patch antenna MIMO arrays," Progress In Electromagnetics Research C, Vol. 53, 145-154, 2014.
doi:10.2528/PIERC14081603 Google Scholar

31. Numan, A. B. and M. S. Sharawi, "Extraction of material parameters for metamaterials using a full-wave simulator [education column]," IEEE Antennas and Propagation Magazine, Vol. 55, No. 5, 202-211, 2013.
doi:10.1109/MAP.2013.6735515 Google Scholar

32. Pirooj, A., M. Naser-Moghadasi, and F. B. Zarrabi, "Design of compact slot antenna based on split ring resonator for 2.45/5 GHz WLAN applications with circular polarization," Microwave and Optical Technology Letters, Vol. 58, No. 1, 12-16, 2016.
doi:10.1002/mop.29484 Google Scholar

33. Rahimi, M., M. Maleki, M. Soltani, A. S. Arezomand, and F. B. Zarrabi, "Wide band SRR-inspired slot antenna with circular polarization for wireless application," AEU-International Journal of Electronics and Communications, 2016. Google Scholar

Dr. Azadeh Pirooj

Dr. Mohammad Naser-Moghadasi

Dr. Ferdows B. Zarrabi

Dr. Alireza Sharifi