volume | PIER Journals

Abstract

In this paper, a novel W-band substrate integrated waveguide (SIW) power combiner/divider is analyzed theoretically and demonstrated experimentally/numerically, based on the antipodal fin-line SIW-rectangular waveguide (SIW-RW) transition and longitudinal slot coupling techniques. This antipodal fin-line SIW-RW transition can work at the frequency band of 86.4 GHz-106.1 GHz with return loss larger than 15 dB and inserting loss less than 2 dB. By combining the antipodal fin-line SIW-RW into the four-way longitudinal-slot SIW coupling structure, a novel back-to-back power dividing/combining system is achieved, which can operate at the frequency band of 92.8 GHz-93.8 GHz with return loss more than 10 dB and insertion loss less than 3.9 dB. Such a design can be used in future for spatial power amplifier applications.

1. Chang, K. and C. Sun, "Millimeter-wave power-combining techniques," IEEE Trans. Microwave Theory and Techniques, Vol. 31, 91-107, 1983.
doi:10.1109/TMTT.1983.1131443 Google Scholar

2. Shiffler, D., J. Nation, and G. S. Kerslick, "A high-power, traveling wave tube amplifier," IEEE Trans. Plasma Science, Vol. 18, 546-552, 1990.
doi:10.1109/27.55926 Google Scholar

3. Yoo, C. and Q. Huang, "A common-gate switched 0.9-W Class-E power amplifier with 41% PAE in 0.25-μm CMOS," IEEE Journal of Solid-State Circuits, Vol. 36, 823-830, 2001.
doi:10.1109/4.918921 Google Scholar

4. Jia, P., L. Y. Chen, A. Alexanian, and R. York, "Broad-band high-power amplifier using spatial power-combining technique," IEEE Trans. Microwave Theory and Techniques, Vol. 51, 2469-2475, 2003.
doi:10.1109/TMTT.2003.819766 Google Scholar

5. Wang, F., D. F. Kimball, J. D. Popp, A. H. Yang, D. Y. Lie, P. M. Asbeck, and L. E. Larson, "An improved power-added efficiency 19-dBm hybrid envelope elimination and restoration power amplifier for 802.11 g WLAN applications," IEEE Trans. Microwave Theory and Techniques, Vol. 54, 4086-4099, 2006.
doi:10.1109/TMTT.2006.885575 Google Scholar

6. He, S. and K. Liu, "On the possibility of a perfect power combiner," Progress In Electromagnetics Research, Vol. 158, 1-6, 2017.
doi:10.2528/PIER16092302 Google Scholar

7. Bashirullah, R. and A. Mortazawi, "A slotted-waveguide power amplifier for spatial powercombining applications," IEEE Trans. Microwave Theory and Techniques, Vol. 48, 1142-1147, 2000.
doi:10.1109/22.848497 Google Scholar

8. Song, K. and Q. Xue, "Planar probe coaxial-waveguide power combiner/divider," IEEE Trans. Microwave Theory and Techniques, Vol. 57, 2761-2767, 2009.
doi:10.1109/TMTT.2009.2032483 Google Scholar

9. Wu, K., "Integration and interconnect techniques of planar and non-planar structures for microwave and millimeter-wave circuits-current status and future trend," Asia-Pacific Microwave Conference, 411-416, 2001. Google Scholar

10. Abdolhamidi, M. and M. Shahabadi, "X-band substrate integrated waveguide amplifier," IEEE Microwave and Wireless Components Letters, Vol. 18, 815-817, 2008.
doi:10.1109/LMWC.2008.2007711 Google Scholar

11. Germain, S., D. Deslandes, and K. Wu, "Development of substrate integrated waveguide power dividers," Canadian Conference on Electrical and Computer Engineering, Vol. 3, 1921-1924, 2003. Google Scholar

12. Hao, Z., W. Hong, H. Li, H. Zhang, and K. Wu, "Multiway broadband substrate integrated waveguide (SIW) power divider," IEEE Antennas and Propagation Society International Symposium, 639-642, 2005. Google Scholar

13. Liu, B., W. Hong, L. Tian, H. B. Zhu, W. Jiang, and K. Wu, "Half mode substrate integrated waveguide HMSIW multi-way power divider," Asia-Pacific Microwave Conference, 2006. Google Scholar

14. Jin, H. and G. Wen, "A novel four-way Ka-band spatial power combiner based on HMSIW," IEEE Microwave and Wireless Components Letters, Vol. 18, 515-517, 2008.
doi:10.1109/LMWC.2008.2001007 Google Scholar

15. Yang, N., C. Caloz, and K.Wu, "Substrate integrated waveguide power divider based on multimode interference imaging," IEEE MTT-S International Microwave Symposium Digest, 883-886, 2008. Google Scholar

16. Song, K., Y. Fan, and Y. Zhang, "Eight-way substrate integrated waveguide power divider with low insertion loss," IEEE Trans. Microwave Theory and Techniques, Vol. 56, 1473-1477, 2008.
doi:10.1109/TMTT.2008.923897 Google Scholar

17. Eom, D. S., J. Byun, and H. Y. Lee, "Multilayer substrate integrated waveguide four-way out-ofphase power divider," IEEE Trans. Microwave Theory and Techniques, Vol. 57, 3469-3476, 2009.
doi:10.1109/TMTT.2009.2034311 Google Scholar

18. Mohammadi, P. and S. Demir, "Two layers substrate integrated waveguide power divider," 2011 XXXth URSI General Assembly and Scientific Symposium, 2011. Google Scholar

19. Lee, D. M., Y. J. An, and J. G. Yook, "An eight-way radial switch based on SIWpower divider," Journal of Electromagnetic Engineering and Science, Vol. 12, 216-222, 2012.
doi:10.5515/JKIEES.2012.12.3.216 Google Scholar

20. Song, K., F. Zhang, F. Chen, and Y. Fan, "Wideband millimetre-wave four-way spatial power combiner based on multilayer SIW," Journal of Electromagnetic Waves and Applications, Vol. 27, No. 13, 1715-1719, 2013.
doi:10.1080/09205071.2013.823123 Google Scholar

21. Zheng, P., P. Zhou, W. H. Yu, H. J. Sun, X. Lv, and H. Deng, "W-band power divider based on H-plane slot waveguide bridge," International Conference on Microwave and Millimeter Wave Technology (ICMMT), 1-4, 2012. Google Scholar

22. Zhao, X., X. Q. Xie, L. Zhou, and Y. L. Wu, "Four-way power divider/combiner based on waveguide microstrip structure in W-band," International Conference on Microwave and Millimeter Wave Technology (ICMMT), 1-4, 2012. Google Scholar

23. Ma, R., M. Luo, H. Sun, Z. Li, and P. Zheng, "Design and simulation of a W-band two-way power divider based on substrate integrated waveguide," IEEE International Conference on Microwave Technology and Computational Electromagnetics (ICMTCE), 100-102, 2013. Google Scholar

24. Li, J., Y. Chu, and J. Xu, "A novel W-band solid-state power divider/combiner network based on waveguide microstrip structure," 2014 IEEE International Conference on Communication Problem- Solving (ICCP), 266-268, 2014. Google Scholar

25. Chen, K., B. Yan, and R. Xu, "A novel W-band ultra-wideband substrate integrated waveguide (SIW) T-junction power divider," Proceedings of International Symposium on Signals, Systems and Electronics (ISSSE), 1-3, 2010. Google Scholar

26. Yee, H. Y., "Impedance of a narrow longitudinal shunt slot in a slotted waveguide array," IEEE Trans. Antennas and Propagation, Vol. 22, 589-592, 1974. Google Scholar

27. Oliner, A. A, "The impedance properties of narrow radiating slots in the broad face of rectangular waveguide," IRE Trans. Antennas Propagation Parts I and II, Vol. 5, 4-20, 1957.
doi:10.1109/TAP.1957.1144488 Google Scholar

28. Josefsson, L. G., "Analysis of longitudinal slots in rectangular waveguide," IEEE Trans. Antennas and Propagation, Vol. 35, 1531-1537, 1987. Google Scholar

29. Jiang, X., L. Liu, S. C. Ortiz, R. Bashirullah, and A. Mortazawi, "A Ka-band power amplifier based on a low-profile slotted-waveguide power-combining/dividing circuit," IEEE Trans. Microwave Theory and Techniques, Vol. 51, 144-146, 2000. Google Scholar

30. Che, W., K. Deng, D.Wang, and Y. L. Chow, "Analytical equivalence between substrate-integrated waveguide and rectangular waveguide," IET Microwaves, Antennas & Propagation, Vol. 2, 35-41, 2008.
doi:10.1049/iet-map:20060283 Google Scholar

31. Rebollo, A., R. Gonzalo, and I. Ederra, "An inline microstrip-to-waveguide transition operating in the full W-band," J. Infrared Milli. Terahz. Waves, Vol. 36, 734-744, 2015.
doi:10.1007/s10762-015-0167-3 Google Scholar

32. Van Heuven, J. H. C., "A new integrated waveguide-microstrip transition," IEEE Trans. Microwave Theory and Techniques, Vol. 24, 144-147, 1976.
doi:10.1109/TMTT.1976.1128796 Google Scholar

33. Engen, G. F. and C. A. Hoer, "Thru-reflect-line: An improved technique for calibration the dual six-port automatic network analyser," IEEE Trans. Microwave Theory Techniques, Vol. 27, 987-993, 1979.
doi:10.1109/TMTT.1979.1129778 Google Scholar

Dr. Zhenbing Li

Dr. Jian Li

Dr. Yongjun Huang

Dr. Guangjun Wen