volume | PIER Journals

Abstract

In this paper, transient electromagnetic scattering by general Chiral objects is investigated using time-domain integral equations with the Poggio, Miller, Chang, Harrington, Wu, and Tsai (PMCHWT) formulations. By introducing a pair of equivalent electric and magnetic currents, electromagnetic fields inside a homogeneous Chiral region can be represented by these sources over its boundary. The uncoupled equations are solved numerically by the Galerkin's method that involves separate spatial and temporal testing procedures. The scaled Laguerre functions are used as the temporal basis and testing functions. The use of the Laguerre functions completely removes the time variable from computation, and the results are stable even at late times. Numerical results are presented and compared with analytical results, and good agreements are observed.

1. Lindell, I. V., A. H. Sihvola, S. A. Tretyakov, and A. J. Viitanen, Electromagnetic Waves in Chiral and Bi-isotropic Media, Artech House, Boston, MA, 1994.

2. Lindell, I. V., S. A. Tretyakov, and M. I. Oksanen, "Conductor-backed Tellegen slab as twist polarizer," Electron. Lett., Vol. 28, No. 3, 281-282, Jan. 1992. Google Scholar

3. Tellegen, B. D. H., "The gyrator: A new electric network element," Phillips Res. Rep., Vol. 3, 81, 1948. Google Scholar

4. Tretyakov, S. A. and A. A. Sochava, "Proposed composite material for nonreflecting shields and antenna radomes," Electron Lett., Vol. 29, 1048-1049, Jun. 1993. Google Scholar

5. Engheta, N. and P. Pelet, "Reduction of surface waves in chirostrip antennas," Electron Lett., Vol. 27, 5-7, Jan. 1991. Google Scholar

6. Pelet, P. and N. Engheta, "The theory of chirowaveguides," IEEE Trans. on Antennas and Propogat., Vol. 38, 90-98, Jan. 1990. Google Scholar

7. Zheng, H. X., X. Q. Sheng, and E. K. N. Yung, "Computation of scattering from conducting bodies coated with chiral materials using conformal FDTD," Journal of Electromagnetic Waves and Applications, Vol. 18, No. 11, 1471-1484, 2004. Google Scholar

8. Kluskens, M. S., "Method of moments analysis of scattering by chiral media,", Ph.D. Dissertation, Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, 1991. Google Scholar

9. Shi, Y. and C. H. Chan, "Solution to electromagnetic scattering by bi-isotropic media using multilevel Green's functions interpolation method," Progress In Electromagnetic Research, Vol. 97, 259-274, 2009. Google Scholar

10. Worasawate, D., "Electromagnetic scattering from an arbitrarily shaped three-dimensional chiral body,", Ph.D. Dissertation, Syracuse University, Syracuse, NY, 2002. Google Scholar

11. Jaggard, D. L. and J. C. Liu, "The matrix Riccati equation for scattering from stratified chiral spheres," IEEE Trans. on Antennas and Propagt., Vol. 47, No. 7, 1201-1207, Jul. 1999. Google Scholar

12. Garcia, S. G., I. V. Perez, R. G. Martin, et al. "Extension of berenger's PML for bi-isotropic media," IEEE Microwave Guided Wave Lett., Vol. 8, No. 9, 297-299, 1998. Google Scholar

13. Demir, V., A. Z. Elsherbeni, and E. Arvas, "FDTD formulation for dispersive chiral media using the Z transform method," IEEE Trans. on Antennas and Propogat., Vol. 53, No. 10, 3374-3384, Oct. 2005. Google Scholar

14. Demir, V., "Electromagnetic scattering from three dimensional chiral objects using the FDTD method,", Ph.D. Dissertation, Syracuse University, Jun. 2004. Google Scholar

15. Semichaevsky, A., A. Akyurtlu, D. Kern, et al. "Novel BIFDTD approach for the analysis of chiral cylinders and spheres," IEEE Trans. on Antennas and Propagt., Vol. 54, No. 3, 925-932, Mar. 2006. Google Scholar

16. Rao, S. M., Time-domain Electromagnetics, Academic Press, San Diego, 1999.

17. Chen, Z. Z. and M. M. Ney, "The method of weighted residuals: A general approach to deriving time- and frequency-domain numerical methods," IEEE Antennas Propagat. Mag., Vol. 51, No. 1, 51-70, Feb. 2009. Google Scholar

18. Jung, B. H., T. K. Sarkar, Y. S. Chung, S. P. Magdalena, Z. Ji, S. Jang, and K. Kim, "Transient electromagnetic scattering from dielectric objects using the electric field integral equation with Laguerre polynomials as temporal basis functions," IEEE Trans. on Antennas Propogat., Vol. 52, No. 9, 2329-2339, Sept. 2004. Google Scholar

19. Jung, B. H., M. T. Yuan, T. K. Sarkar, et al. "Solving the time-domain magnetic field integral equation for dielectric bodies without the time variable through the use of entire domain Laguerre polynomials," Electromagn., Vol. 24, No. 6, 385-408, Sept. 2004. Google Scholar

20. Jung, B. H., T. K. Sarkar, and Y.-S. Chung, "Solution of time domain PMCHW formulation for transient electromagnetic scattering from arbitrarily shaped 3-D dielectric objects," Progress In Electromagnetics Research, Vol. 45, 291-312, 2004. Google Scholar

21. Wu, Z. H., "Time domain integral equations for scattering and radiation by three-dimensional homogeneous Bi-isotropic objects with arbitrary shape,", Ph.D. Dissertation, City University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, Jul. 2010. Google Scholar

22. Ney, M. M., "Method of moments as applied to electromagnetic problems," IEEE Trans. on Microwave Theory and Techniques, Vol. 33, No. 10, 972-980, Nov. 1985. Google Scholar

23. Rao, S. M., "Electromagnetic scattering and radiation of arbitrarily shaped surfaces by triangular patch modeling,", Ph.D. Dissertation, University Mississippi, Aug. 1980. Google Scholar

24. Sihvola, A. H. and I. V. Lindell, "Bi-isotropic constitutive relations," Microwave Opt. Technol. Lett., Vol. 4, No. 8, 295-297, Jul. 1991. Google Scholar

25. Gradshteyn, I. S. and I. M. Ryzhik, Table of Integrals, Series and Products, Academic, New York, 1980.

26., FEKO electromagnetic simulation software, Available online: http://www.feko.info. . Google Scholar

27. Zhu, H., Z.-H. Wu, X.-Y. Zhang, and B.-J. Hu, "Time-domain integral equation solver for radiation from dipole loaded with general Bi-isotropic objects," Progress In Electromagnetics Research B, Vol. 35, 349-367, 2011. Google Scholar

Dr. Gu-Ping Ye

Dr. Ze-Hai Wu