volume | PIER Journals

Abstract

Mechanical distortions of phased array antennas make transmit pattern distort. The transmit pattern cannot be simply calibrated by compensating the position error of each element since the effect of the mechanical distortions is angle-dependent. To solve this problem, we treat the element position errors measurement as prior knowledge and propose a knowledge-aided (potentially cognitive) transmit pattern design method. When the mechanical distortions occur, the cognitive transmit pattern can still place pattern nulls in the directions of interferences while preserving the main beam response of the target of interest. The proposed method is validated by simulation results.

1. Haykin, S., "Cognitive radar: A way of the future," IEEE Magazine on Signal Processing, Vol. 23, 30-40, 2006.
doi:10.1109/MSP.2006.1593335 Google Scholar

2. Bergin, J. S., P. M. Techaus, J. E. Don Carlos, and J. R. Guerci, "Radar waveform optimization for colored noise mitigation," 2005 IEEE International Radar Conference, 149-154, Washington, D.C., May 9-12, 2005. Google Scholar

3. Li, J., J. R. Guerci, and L. Xu, "Signal waveform's optimum-under-restriction design for active sensing," IEEE Signal Processing Letters, Vol. 13, 565-568, 2006.
doi:10.1109/LSP.2006.874465 Google Scholar

4. Patton, L. K. and B. D. Rigling, "Modulus constraints in adaptive radar waveform design," 2008 IEEE International Radar Conference, 1, Rome, Italy, May 26-30, 2008. Google Scholar

5. De Maio, A., S. De Nicola, Y. Huang, Z.-Q. Luo, and S. Zhang, "Design of phase codes for radar performance optimization with a similarity constraint," IEEE Transactions on Signal Processing, Vol. 57, 610-621, 2009.
doi:10.1109/TSP.2008.2008247 Google Scholar

6. De Maio, A., Y. Huang, M. Piezzo, S. Zhang, and A. Farina, "Design of optimized radar codes with a peak to average power ratio constraint," IEEE Transactions on Signal Processing, Vol. 59, 2683-2697, 2011.
doi:10.1109/TSP.2011.2128313 Google Scholar

7. Rummler, W. D., "A technique for improving the clutter performance of coherent pulse trains signals," IEEE Transactions on Aerospace and Electronic Systems, Vol. 3, 689-699, 1967. Google Scholar

8. Thompson, J. S. and E. L. Titlebaum, "The design of optimal radar waveforms for clutter rejection using the maximum principle," Supplement to the IEEE Transactions on Aerospace and Electronic Systems, Vol. 6, 582-589, 1967. Google Scholar

9. Stoica, P., H. He, and J. Li, "Optimization of the receive filter and transmit sequence for active sensing," IEEE Transactions on Signal Processing, Vol. 60, 1730-1740, 2012.
doi:10.1109/TSP.2011.2179652 Google Scholar

10. Romero, R. A. and N. A. Goodman, "Waveform design in signal-dependent interference and application to target recognition with multiple transmissions," IEE Proceedings --- Radar, Sonar and Navigation, Vol. 3, 328-340, 2009.
doi:10.1049/iet-rsn.2008.0146 Google Scholar

11. Kay, S. M. and J. H. Thanos, "Optimal transmit signal design for active sonar/radar," 2002 IEEE Conference on Acoustic Speech, and Signal Processing (ICASSP 02), Vol. 2, 1513-1516, 2002. Google Scholar

12. Kay, S., "Optimal signal design for detection of Gaussian point targets in stationary Gaussian clutter/reverberation," IEEE Journal of Selected Topics in Signal Processing, Vol. 1, 31-41, 2007.
doi:10.1109/JSTSP.2007.897046 Google Scholar

13. Kay, S., "Optimal detector and signal design for STAP based on the frequency-wavenumber spectrum,", 2010, http://www.Ele.uri.Edu/faculty/kay/New%20web/downloadable%20files/STAP signal design AFOSR.pdf.
doi:10.1109/JSTSP.2007.897046 Google Scholar

14. Guerci, J. R., "Theory and application of covariance matrix tapers for robust adaptive beamforming," IEEE Transcations on Signal Processing, Vol. 47, 977-985, 1999.
doi:10.1109/78.752596 Google Scholar

15. Guerci, J. R., Cognitive Radar: The Knowledge-aided Fully Adaptive Approach, Artech House, 2010.

16. Takahshi, T., N. Nakamoto, M. Ohtsuka, T. Aoki, Y. Konishi, and M. Yajima, "A simple on-board calibration method and its accuracy for mechanical distortions of satellite phased array antennas," EuCAP, 1573-1577, 2009. Google Scholar

17. Aubry, A., A. DeMaio, A. Farina, and M. Wicks, "Knowledge-aided (potentially cognitive) transmit signal and receive filter design in signal-dependent clutter," IEEE Transactions on Aerospace and Electronic System, Vol. 49, 93-117, 2013.
doi:10.1109/TAES.2013.6404093 Google Scholar

18. Keydel, W., "Perspectives and visions for future SAR systems," IEE Radar Sonar Navigation, Vol. 150, 97-103, 2003.
doi:10.1049/ip-rsn:20030494 Google Scholar

19. Wang, H. S. C., "Performance of phased-array antennas with mechanical errors," IEEE Transactions on Aerospace and Electronic Systems, Vol. 28, 535-545, 1992.
doi:10.1109/7.144579 Google Scholar

20. James, K., D. Peterman, and V. Glavac, "Distortion measurement and compensation in a synthetic aperture radar phased-array antenna," 2010 14th International Symposium on Antenna Technology and Applied Electromagnetics and the American Electromagnetics and the American Electromagnetics Conference, 978-982, 2010. Google Scholar

21. Maity, D., U. Halder, and S. Das, "An informative differential evolution algorithm with self adaptive re-clustering technique for the optimization of phased antenna array," Progress In Electromagnetics Research B, Vol. 40, 361-380, 2012. Google Scholar

22. Li, W.-T., X.-W. Shi, and Y.-Q. Hei, "An improved particle swarm optimization algorithm for pattern synthesis of phased arrays," Progress In Electromagnetics Research, Vol. 82, 319-332, 2008.
doi:10.2528/PIER08030904 Google Scholar

23. Eldek, A. A., "Design of double dipole antenna with enhanced usable bandwidth for wideband phased array applications," Progress In Electromagnetics Research, Vol. 59, 1-15, 2006.
doi:10.2528/PIER06012001 Google Scholar

Dr. Ying Sun

Dr. Zi-Shu He

Mr. Jun Li