volume | PIER Journals

Abstract

The dispersion characteristics (ω-β diagram) of a left-handed material (LHM) loaded helical guide is analytically solved and numerically computed for different metamaterial medium properties as well as helical guide parameters. The modal behaviour of this structure has been studied with an aim to achieve ultra slow wave over wide bandwidth which finds potential applications in optical switches and memories for optical processing. Significant amount of phase velocity reduction has been achieved in comparison to when helix is in free space or loaded with normal dielectric column. Other modal properties such as presence of two fundamental modes - backward and forward wave and their lower cut-off frequency (LCF) as well as bandwidth spectrum are also revealed thoroughly.

1. Veselago, V. G., "The electrodynamics of substances with simultaneous negative values of ε and μ," Soviet Phys. Uspekhi, Vol. 1, No. 4, 509-514, 1968.
doi:10.1070/PU1968v010n04ABEH003699 Google Scholar

2. Shelby, R. A., D. R. Smith, and S. Schultz, "Experimental verification of a negative index of refraction," Science, Vol. 292, No. 5514, 77-79, 2001.
doi:10.1126/science.1058847 Google Scholar

3. Pendry, J. B., "Negative refraction," Contemporary Physics, Vol. 45, No. 3, 191-202, 2004.
doi:10.1080/00107510410001667434 Google Scholar

4. Cory, T. and T. Blum, "Surface-wave propagation along a metamaterial cylindrical guide," Microwave and Optical Technology Letters, Vol. 44, No. 1, 31-35, 2005.
doi:10.1002/mop.20538 Google Scholar

5. Shu, W. and J. M. Song, "Complete mode spectrum of a grounded dielectric slab with double negative metamaterials," Progress In Electromagnetics Research, Vol. 65, 103-123, 2006.
doi:10.2528/PIER06081601 Google Scholar

6. Cory, T. and T. Barger, "Surface-wave propagation along a metamaterial slab," Microwave and Optical Technology Letters, Vol. 38, No. 5, 392-395, 2003.
doi:10.1002/mop.11070 Google Scholar

7. Wu, B. I., T. M. Grzegorczyk, Y. Zhang, and J. A. Kong, "Guided modes with imaginary transverse wave number in a slab waveguide with negative permittivity and permeability," Journal of Applied Physics, Vol. 93, No. 11, 9386-9388, 2003.
doi:10.1063/1.1570501 Google Scholar

8. Baccarelli, P., P. Burghignoli, F. Frezza, A. Galli, P. Lampariello, G. Lovat, and S. Paulotto, "Fundamental modal properties of surface waves on metamaterial grounded slabs," IEEE Transactions on Microwave Theory and Techniques, Vol. 53, No. 4, 1431-1442, 2005.
doi:10.1109/TMTT.2005.845208 Google Scholar

9. Ruppin, R., "Surface polaritons of a left-handed medium," Physics Letters A, Vol. 277, No. 1, 61-64, 2000.
doi:10.1016/S0375-9601(00)00694-0 Google Scholar

10. Darmanyan, S. A., M. Neviere, and A. A. Zakhidov, "Surface modes at the interface of conventional and left-handed media," Opt. Commun., Vol. 225, No. 4--6, 233-240, 2003.
doi:10.1016/j.optcom.2003.07.047 Google Scholar

11. Kats, A. V., S. Savelev, V. A. Yampolskii, and F. Nori, "Left-handed interfaces for electromagnetic surface waves," Physical Review Letters, Vol. 98, No. 7, 073901-1-073901-4, 2007.
doi:10.1103/PhysRevLett.98.073901 Google Scholar

12. Leskova, T. A., A. A. Maradudin, and I. Simonsen, "Scattering of electromagnetic waves from the random surface of a left-handed medium," Proc. SPIE, Vol. 4447, 6-16, 2001.
doi:10.1117/12.446730 Google Scholar

13. Leskova, T. A., A. A. Maradudin, and I. Simonsen, "Coherent scattering of an electromagnetic wave from, and its transmission through, a slab of a left-handed medium with a randomly rough illuminated surface," Proc. SPIE, Vol. 5189, 22-35, 2003.
doi:10.1117/12.503386 Google Scholar

14. Engheta, N., "An idea for thin subwavelength cavity resonators using metamaterials with negative permittivity and permeability," IEEE Antennas and Wireless Propagation Letters, Vol. 1, No. 1, 10-13, 2002.
doi:10.1109/LAWP.2002.802576 Google Scholar

15. Bait-Suwailam, M. M. and Z. Chen, "Surface-wave on a grounded double-negative (DNG) slab waveguide," Microwave and Optical Technology Letters, Vol. 44, No. 6, 494-498, 2003.
doi:10.1002/mop.20677 Google Scholar

16. Shadrivov, I. V., A. A. Sukhorukov, and Y. S. Kivshar, "Guided modes in negative-refractive-index waveguides," Physical Review E, Vol. 67, 057602, 2003.
doi:10.1103/PhysRevE.67.057602 Google Scholar

17. Shelby, R. A., D. R. Smith, S. C. Nemat-Nasser, and S. Schultz, "Microwave transmission through a two-dimensional, isotropic, left-handed metamaterial," Applied Physics Letters, Vol. 78, No. 4, 489-491, 2001.
doi:10.1063/1.1343489 Google Scholar

18. Itoh, T., "Prospects for metamaterials," Applied Physics Letters, Vol. 40, No. 16, 972-973, 2004. Google Scholar

19. Itoh, T., "Cloaking a receiving antenna or a sensor with plasmonic metamaterials," Metamaterials, Vol. 4, No. 2-3, 153-159, 2010.
doi:10.1016/j.metmat.2010.03.005 Google Scholar

20. Gil, M., J. Bonache, and F. Martin, "Metamaterial filters: A review," Metamaterials, Vol. 2, No. 4, 186-197, 2008.
doi:10.1016/j.metmat.2008.07.006 Google Scholar

21. Pendry, J. B., "Negative refraction makes a perfect lens," Physical Review Letters, Vol. 85, No. 18, 3966-3969, 2000.
doi:10.1103/PhysRevLett.85.3966 Google Scholar

22. Hau, L. V., S. E. Harris, Z. Dutton, and C. H. Behroozi, "Light speed reduction to 17 metres per second in an ultracold atomic gas," Letters of Nature, Vol. 397, 594-598, 1999.
doi:10.1038/17561 Google Scholar

23. Bigelow, M. C., N. N. Lepeshkin, and R. W. Boyd, "Superluminal and slow light propagation in a room-temperature solid," Science, Vol. 301, No. 5630, 200-202, 2003.
doi:10.1126/science.1084429 Google Scholar

24. Erfaninia, H. and A. Rostami, "Group velocity reduction in multilayer metamaterial waveguide," Optik, Vol. 124, No. 12, 1230-1233, 2013.
doi:10.1016/j.ijleo.2012.03.001 Google Scholar

25. Baqir, M. A. and P. K. Choudhury, "Flux density through guides with microstructured twisted clad DB medium," Journal of Nanomaterials, Vol. 2014, 629651, 2014. Google Scholar

26. Baqir, M. A. and P. K. Choudhury, "Effects on the energy flux density due to pitch in twisted clad optical fibers," Progress In Electromagnetics Research, Vol. 139, 643-654, 2013.
doi:10.2528/PIER13041103 Google Scholar

27. Basu, B. N., Electromagnetic Theory and Application in Beam-wave Electronics, World Scientific, Singapore, 1996.
doi:10.1142/2804

28. Zhang, K. and D. Li, Electromagnetic Theory for Microwaves and Optoelectronic, Springer, New York, 2008.

Dr. Dushyant Kumar Sharma

Dr. Surya Kumar Pathak