2016-10-20
Modeling of a Ku-Band Rectangular Ferrite-Loaded Waveguide Based on Left-Handed Metamaterial
By
Progress In Electromagnetics Research M, Vol. 51, 71-81, 2016
Abstract
This paper presents the modeling and simulation of a new rectangular ferrite-loaded waveguide based on left-handed metamaterial (LHM) unit cells at Ku-band. The structure has an 8×8 unit cell configuration, whose negative permittivity and negative permeability are achieved by metallic wires array and ferrite medium, respectively. The equivalent circuit model and transmission parameter matrix for the unit cell are presented based on microwave two-port network theory. The operating frequency is in the TE10 single mode range at 12.97-15.90 GHz where magnetic and electric resonances are coupled simultaneously. The finite-element method (FEM) based simulation software HFSS has been used to set original model and optimized model with vacuum layers for decoupling. Analysis of 3D electromagnetic waves propagation and scattering parameters demonstrate the backward wave property of the optimized waveguide. Negative propagation constant and negative index of refraction are calculated based ona method for extracting effective parameters of LHM. The proposed structure has scalability, double negative, and broad-band operation characteristics in the electromagnetic paradigm.
Citation
Junfeng Yao, Fan Yang, Chunli Li, Degang Gan, Bing Gao, and Ammad Jadoon, "Modeling of a Ku-Band Rectangular Ferrite-Loaded Waveguide Based on Left-Handed Metamaterial," Progress In Electromagnetics Research M, Vol. 51, 71-81, 2016.
doi:10.2528/PIERM16082301
References

1. Veselago, V. G., "The electrodynamics of substances with simultaneously negative values of ε and μ," Sov. Phys. Uspekhi., Vol. 10, 509-514, 1968.
doi:10.1070/PU1968v010n04ABEH003699        Google Scholar

2. Pendry, J. B., A. J. Holden, W. J. Stewart, and I. Youngs, "Extremely low frequency plasmons in metallic mesostructures," Phys. Rev. Lett., Vol. 76, 4773-4776, 1996.
doi:10.1103/PhysRevLett.76.4773        Google Scholar

3. Pendry, J. B., A. J. Holden, D. J. Robbins, and W. J. Stewart, "Magnetism from conductors and enhanced nonlinear phenomena," IEEE Trans. Microwave Theory Tech., Vol. 47, 2075-2084, 1999.
doi:10.1109/22.798002        Google Scholar

4. Smith, D. R., W. J. Padilla, D. C. Vier, S. C. Nemat-Nasser, and S. Schultz, "Composite medium with simultaneously negative permeability and permittivity," Phys. Rev. Lett., Vol. 84, 4184-4187, 2000.
doi:10.1103/PhysRevLett.84.4184        Google Scholar

5. Palandoken, M., A. Grede, and H. Henke, "Broadband microstrip antenna with left-handed metamaterials," IEEE Trans. Antennas Propag., Vol. 57, 331-338, 2009.
doi:10.1109/TAP.2008.2011230        Google Scholar

6. Dong, Y. and T. Itoh, "Miniaturized substrate integrated waveguide slot antennas based on negative order resonance," IEEE Trans. Antennas Propag., Vol. 58, 3856-3864, 2010.
doi:10.1109/TAP.2010.2078449        Google Scholar

7. Nicholson, K. J., W. S. T. Rowe, P. J. Callus, and K. Ghorbani, "Split-ring resonator loading for the slotted waveguide antenna stiffened structure," IEEE Antennas Wirel. Propag. Lett., Vol. 10, 1524-1527, 2011.
doi:10.1109/LAWP.2011.2181474        Google Scholar

8. Dong, Y. and T. Itoh, "Composite right/left-handed substrate integrated waveguide and half mode substrate integrated waveguide leaky-wave structures," IEEE Trans. Antennas Propag., Vol. 59, 767-775, 2011.
doi:10.1109/TAP.2010.2103025        Google Scholar

9. Daliri, A., W. S. T. Rowe, and K. Ghorbani, "Split-ring slot in the broad-wall of a rectangular waveguide," IEEE Antennas Wirel. Propag. Lett., Vol. 13, 991-994, 2014.
doi:10.1109/LAWP.2014.2325934        Google Scholar

10. Ullah, M. H., M. J. Uddin, T. A. Latef, W. N. L. Mahadi, M. R. Ahsan, and M. T. Islam, "Constitutive parameter analysis of left-handed DSSRR metamaterial for homogeneous infinite slab," IET Microwaves Antennas Propag., Vol. 9, 1740-1746, 2015.
doi:10.1049/iet-map.2015.0361        Google Scholar

11. Kodera, T. and C. Caloz, "Integrated leaky-wave antenna-duplexer/diplexer using CRLH uniform ferrite-loaded open waveguide," IEEE Trans. Antennas Propag., Vol. 58, 2508-2514, 2010.
doi:10.1109/TAP.2010.2050449        Google Scholar

12. Islam, S. S., M. R. I. Faruque, and M. T. Islam, "A new double negative metamaterial for C-band microwave applications," Appl. Phys. A, Vol. 116, 723-733, 2014.
doi:10.1007/s00339-014-8549-2        Google Scholar

13. Akhter, Z. and M. J. Akhtar, "Design of unity index flat LHM super resolution lens for near field millimeter-wave imaging applications," IEEE CAMA, 2014.        Google Scholar

14. Chui, S. T. and L. Hu, "Theoretical investigation on the possibility of preparing left-handed materials in metallic magnetic granular composites," Phys. Rev. B, Vol. 65, 144407-1-6, 2002.
doi:10.1103/PhysRevB.65.144407        Google Scholar

15. Dewar, G., "The applicability of ferrimagnetic hosts to nanostructured negative index of refraction (left-handed) materials," Proc. SPIE Int. Soc. Opt. Eng., Vol. 4806, 156-166, 2002.        Google Scholar

16. Ueda, T. and M. Tsutsumi, "Left-handed transmission characteristics of rectangular waveguides periodically loaded with ferrite," IEEE Trans. Magn., Vol. 41, 3532-3537, 2005.
doi:10.1109/TMAG.2005.854463        Google Scholar

17. He, Y., P. He, N. Sun, V. G. Harris, and C. Vittoria, "Role of Ferrites in negative index metamaterials," IEEE Trans. Magn., Vol. 42, 2852-2854, 2006.
doi:10.1109/TMAG.2006.879146        Google Scholar

18. Dechant, A. and M. Okoniewski, "Broadband double negative material from ferrite-loaded metallic waveguides," Electron. Lett., Vol. 42, 4-5, 2006.
doi:10.1049/el:20063666        Google Scholar

19. Zedler, M., C. Caloz, and P. Russer, "A 3-D isotropic left-handed metamaterial based on the rotated transmission-line matrix (TLM) scheme," IEEE Trans. Microwave Theory Tech., Vol. 55, 2930-2941, 2007.
doi:10.1109/TMTT.2007.909608        Google Scholar

20. Zhou, H., C. Wang, and H. Peng, "A novel double-incidence and multi-band left-handed metamaterials composed of double Z-shaped structure," J. Mater. Sci.: Mater. Electron., Vol. 27, 2534-2544, 2016.
doi:10.1007/s10854-015-4056-2        Google Scholar

21. Paulotto, S., P. Baccarelli, F. Frezza, and D. R. Jackson, "Full-wave modal dispersion analysis and broadside optimization for a class of microstrip CRLH leaky-wave antennas," IEEE Trans. Microwave Theory Tech., Vol. 56, 2826-2837, 2008.
doi:10.1109/TMTT.2008.2007333        Google Scholar

22. Ma, X., C. Huang, W. Pan, B. Zhao, J. Cui, and X. Luo, "A dual circularly polarized horn antenna in Ku-band based on chiral metamaterial," IEEE Trans. Antennas Propag., Vol. 62, 2307-2311, 2014.
doi:10.1109/TAP.2014.2301841        Google Scholar

23. Carignan, L., A. Yelon, D. Menard, and C. Caloz, "Ferromagnetic nanowire metamaterials: Theory and applications," IEEE Trans. Microwave Theory Tech., Vol. 59, 2568-2586, 2011.
doi:10.1109/TMTT.2011.2163202        Google Scholar