volume | PIER Journals

Abstract

Design and analysis of a novel wide-band covering, hetero triangle linked hybrid web fractal antenna is presented in this paper. The hetero triangle linked hybrid web structure has been designed through multiple iterations in the CST MICROWAVE STUDIO electromagnetic simulation tool and has been fabricated on FR4 dielectric of ε_r = 4.4 with height of 1.6 mm. The proposed antenna offers a comprehensive bandwidth of 18.055 GHz, covering from 1.945 GHz to 20 GHz. It supports various applications starting from 3G, LTE, ISM, Bluetooth, Wi-Fi, WLAN (2.4-2.48 GHz) and 5.2/5.8 GHz (5.15-5.35 GHz/5.72-5.82 GHz), WiMAX operating in the 2.3/2.5 GHz (2.305-2.36 GHz/2.5-2.69 GHz), 5.5 GHz (5.25-5.85 GHz) and Satellite communication (Ku band: Uplink of 14 GHz and Downlink of 10.9-12.75 GHz). The proposed antenna provides peak realized gain of 7.17 dB with efficiency more than 78% in the operating band. The antenna parameters such as reflection coefficient, gain and radiation patterns are determined through numerical simulation, and good matching is obtained with measured results.

1. Best, S. R., "On the significance of self-similar fractal geometry in determining the multiband behaviour of the Sierpinski gasket antenna," IEEE Antennas and Wireless Propagation Letters, Vol. 1, 22-25, 2002.
doi:10.1109/LAWP.2002.802579 Google Scholar

2. Anagnostou, D., "A CPW koch dipole slot antenna," Wireless Communication Technology, Oct. 15-17, 2003. Google Scholar

3. Best, S. R., "A comparison of the resonant properties of small space filling fractal antennas," IEEE Antennas and Wireless Propagation Letters, Vol. 2, 197-200, 2003.
doi:10.1109/1-AWP.2003.819680 Google Scholar

4. Venkata Kiran, D., "Compact embedded dual-element rectangular dielectric resonator antenna combining Sierpinski and Minkowski fractals," IEEE Transactions on Components, Packaging and Manufacturing Technology, Vol. 7, No. 5, 786-791, 2017.
doi:10.1109/TCPMT.2017.2690463 Google Scholar

5. Mukherjee, B., "Hemispherical dielectric resonator antenna based on apollonian gasket of circles --- A fractal approach," IEEE Transactions on Antennas and Propagation, Vol. 62, No. 1, 40-47, 2014.
doi:10.1109/TAP.2013.2287011 Google Scholar

6. Gupta, M. and V. Mathur, "Koch fractal-based hexagonal patch antenna for circular polarization," Turk. J. Elec. Eng. & Comp. Sci., Vol. 25, 4474-4485, 2017.
doi:10.3906/elk-1702-295 Google Scholar

7. Trivedi, K. and D. Pujara, "Design and development of a wideband fractal tetrahedron dielectric resonator antenna with triangular slots," Progress In Electromagnetics Research M, Vol. 60, 47-55, 2017.
doi:10.2528/PIERM17061103 Google Scholar

8. Mukti, P. H., S. H. Wibowo, and E. Setijadi, "A compact wideband fractal-based planar antenna with meandered transmission line for L-band applications," Progress In Electromagnetics Research C, Vol. 61, 139-147, 2016.
doi:10.2528/PIERC15102302 Google Scholar

9. Srivastava, D. K., A. Khanna, and J. P. Saini, "Design of a wideband gap-coupled modified square fractal antenna," Journal of Computational Electronics, Vol. 15, No. 1, 239-247, 2016.
doi:10.1007/s10825-015-0740-y Google Scholar

10. Elsheakh, D. M. and E. A. Abdallah, "Design ultra-wide bandwidth monopole antenna for DVB-T and wireless applications," Progress In Electromagnetics Research C, Vol. 45, 137-150, 2013. Google Scholar

11. Sankaranarayanan, D., D. Venkatakiran, and B. Mukherjee, "A novel compact fractal ring based cylindrical dielectric resonator antenna for ultra wideband application," Progress In Electromagnetics Research C, Vol. 67, 71-83, 2016.
doi:10.2528/PIERC16062007 Google Scholar

12. Susila, M., T. Rama Rao, and A. Gupta, "A novel smiley fractal antenna (SFA) design and development for UWB wireless applications," Progress In Electromagnetics Research C, Vol. 54, 171-178, 2014.
doi:10.2528/PIERC14091803 Google Scholar

13. Kaka, A. O. and M. Toycan, "Modified hexagonal Sierpinski gasket-based antenna design with multiband and miniaturized characteristics for UWB wireless communication," Turkish Journal of Electrical Engineering and Computer Sciences, Vol. 24, No. 2, 464-473, 2016.
doi:10.3906/elk-1306-197 Google Scholar

14. Lin, C.-C. and H.-R. Chuang, "A 3-12 GHz UWB planar triangular monopole antenna with ridged ground-plane," Progress In Electromagnetics Research, Vol. 83, 307-321, 2008.
doi:10.2528/PIER08070502 Google Scholar

15. Tizyi, H., F. Riouch, A. Tribak, A. Najid, and A. Mediavilla, "CPW and microstrip line-fed compact fractal antenna for UWB-RFID applications," Progress In Electromagnetics Research C, Vol. 65, 201-209, 2016.
doi:10.2528/PIERC16041110 Google Scholar

16. Kumar, R. and S. Gaikwad, "On the design of nano-arm fractal antenna for UWB wireless applications," Journal of Microwaves, Optoelectronics and Electromagnetic Applications, Vol. 12, No. 1, fp158-fp172, 2013.
doi:10.1590/S2179-10742013000100013 Google Scholar

17. Madhav, B. T. P., D. S. Ram Kiran, V. Alekhya, M. Vani, T. Anilkumar, et al. "An asymmetric liquid crystal polymer based fractal slotted UWB monopole antenna with notch band characteristics," Rasayan Journal of Chemistry, Vol. 10, No. 3, 852-860, 2017. Google Scholar

18. Wang, F., F. Bin, Q. Sun, J. Fan, and H. Ye, "A compact UHF antenna based on complementary fractal technique," IEEE Access, 5,8049453, 21118-21125, 2017. Google Scholar

19. Hu, Z., Y. Hu, Y. Luo, and W. Xin, "A novel rectangle tree fractal UWB antenna with dual band-notched characteristics," Progress In Electromagnetics Research C, Vol. 68, 21-30, 2016.
doi:10.2528/PIERC16072702 Google Scholar

20. Lincy, B. H., A. Srinivasan, and B. Rajalakshmi, "Wideband fractal microstrip antenna for wireless application," IEEE Conference on Information and Communication Technologies, ICT 2013, 6558191, 735-738, 2013. Google Scholar

Dr. Bandhakavi Srikanth Deepak

Professor Boddapati Taraka Phani Madhav

Dr. Vinnakota Seshu Vana Prabhakar

Dr. Pappula Lakshman

Dr. Tirunagari Anilkumar

Dr. Manikonda Venkateswara Rao