volume | PIER Journals

Abstract

In this paper, the design of an Ultra Wide Band (UWB) hemispherical antenna with Log-Periodic Elements (LPEs) capable of operating at multiple resonating frequencies lying in L, S, C, X, and Ku frequency bands is presented. The design consists of a complex structure of silver hemisphere with LPE mounted on an FR-4 substrate fed by a 50 Ω microstrip line. The dependency of the inclination of log-periodic elements mounted on the hemisphere is analyzed with parametric study. The proposed miniaturized antenna uses LPEs to obtain an impedance bandwidth of above 100% and a multi-directional radiation pattern. The measured results show that a wide operating band of 12.63 GHz (1.68 GHz-14.31 GHz) (8.52:1) has been achieved with a multi-directional radiation pattern with a peak realized gain of 8.12 dBi.

1. Hoffman, M., "Conventions for the analysis of spherical arrays," IEEE Transactions on Antennas and Propagation, Vol. 11, No. 4, 390-393, Jul. 1963.
doi:10.1109/TAP.1963.1138058 Google Scholar

2. Tang, M., X. Chen, M. Li, and R. W. Ziolkowski, "Particle swarm optimized, 3-D-printed, wideband, compact hemispherical antenna," IEEE Antennas and Wireless Propagation Letters, Vol. 17, No. 11, 2031-2035, Nov. 2018.
doi:10.1109/LAWP.2018.2847286 Google Scholar

3. Chen, J., J. Ludwig, and S. Lim, "Design of a compact log-periodic dipole array using T-shaped top loadings," IEEE Antennas and Wireless Propagation Letters, Vol. 16, 1585-1588, 2017.
doi:10.1109/LAWP.2017.2652125 Google Scholar

4. Bozdag, G. and A. Kustepeli, "Subsectional tapered fed printed LPDA antenna with a feeding point patch," IEEE Antennas and Wireless Propagation Letters, Vol. 15, 437-440, 2016.
doi:10.1109/LAWP.2015.2451395 Google Scholar

5. Zhou, Y., J. Huang, W. Wu, and N. Yuan, "Conformal LPDA antenna array for direction finding application," 2016 IEEE International Conference on Microwave and Millimeter Wave Technology (ICMMT), 2016. Google Scholar

6. Deng, C., Y. Li, Z. Zhang, and Z. Feng, "A hemispherical 3-D null steering antenna for circular polarization," IEEE Antennas and Wireless Propagation Letters, Vol. 14, 803-806, 2015.
doi:10.1109/LAWP.2014.2382107 Google Scholar

7. Hui, H. T., K. N. Yung, C. L. Law, Y. S. Koh, and W. L. Koh, "Design of small and low prole 2/spl times/2 hemispherical helical antenna array for mobile satellite communication," IEEE Transactions on Antennas and Propagation, Vol. 52, No. 1, 346-348, Jan. 2004.
doi:10.1109/TAP.2003.822410 Google Scholar

8. Goossens, R., I. Bogaert, and H. Rogier, "Phase-mode processing for spherical antenna arrays with a finite number of antenna elements and including mutual coupling," IEEE Transactions on Antennas and Propagation, Vol. 57, No. 12, 3783-3790, Dec. 2009.
doi:10.1109/TAP.2009.2026300 Google Scholar

9. Braaten, B. D., S. Roy, I. Irfanullah, S. Nariyal, and D. E. Anagnostou, "Phase-compensated conformal antennas for changing spherical surfaces," IEEE Transactions on Antennas and Propagation, Vol. 62, No. 4, 1880-1887, Apr. 2014.
doi:10.1109/TAP.2014.2298881 Google Scholar

10. Franek, O., G. F. Pedersen, and J. B. Andersen, "Numerical modeling of a spherical array of monopoles using FDTD method," IEEE Transactions on Antennas and Propagation, Vol. 54, No. 7, 1952-1963, Jul. 2006.
doi:10.1109/TAP.2006.877202 Google Scholar

11. Baee, R. K., K. Forooraghi, and S. Chamaani, "Conformal array pattern synthesis using a hybrid WARP/2LB-MOPSO algorithm," International Journal of Antennas and Propagation, Vol. 2012, 2012. Google Scholar

12. Meiguni, J. and D. Pommerenke, "Theory and experiment of UWB archimedean conformal spiral antennas," IEEE Transactions on Antennas and Propagation, Vol. 67, No. 10, 6371-6377, Oct. 2019.
doi:10.1109/TAP.2019.2925183 Google Scholar

13. Zhang, B., J. Kovitz, and Y. Rahmat-Samii, "A hemispherical monopole rectenna array for multi- directional, multi-polarization and multi-band ambient RF energy harvesting," IEEE International Symposium on Antennas and Propagation (APSURSI), 603-604, Fajardo, 2016. Google Scholar

14. Famoriji, O. J., K. Akingbade, E. Ogunti, W. Apena, A. Fadamiro, and F. Lin, "Analysis of phased array antenna system via spherical harmonics decomposition," IET Communication, Vol. 13, No. 18, 5434-5454, Dec. 2019.
doi:10.1049/iet-com.2018.5460 Google Scholar

15. Howell, J. Q., "Microstrip antennas," IEEE Transactions on Antennas and Propagation, Vol. 23, 90-93, Jan. 1975.
doi:10.1109/TAP.1975.1141009 Google Scholar

16. Garg, R., P. Bhartia, I. Bahl, and A. Ittipiboon, Microstrip Antenna Design Handbook, Artrech House, Norwood, Mass, 2001.

17. Isbell, D. E., "Log periodic dipole arrays," IRE Transaction on Antennas and Propagation, Vol. 8, 260-267, May 1960.
doi:10.1109/TAP.1960.1144848 Google Scholar

18. Patel, M., V. S. Jadaun, K. Lal, and P. Kuchhal, "Design of a high gain compact circular microstrip patch antenna for X-band," International Journal of Engineering and Technology, Vol. 7, No. 2.6, 168-170, 2018.
doi:10.14419/ijet.v7i2.6.10561 Google Scholar

19. Lo, Y. T. and S. W. Lee, Antenna Handbook: Theory, Applications, and Design, Springer Science & Business Media, 2013.

20. Monticone, L. C., R. E. Snow, and F. Box, "Minimizing great-circle distance ratios of undesired and desired signal paths on a spherical earth," IEEE Transactions on Vehicular Technology, Vol. 58, No. 9, 4868-4877, Nov. 2009.
doi:10.1109/TVT.2009.2025281 Google Scholar

21. DuHamel, R. H. and D. E. Isbell, "Broadband logarithmically periodic antenna structures," IRE National Convention Record, Pt. 1, 119-128, 1957. Google Scholar

22. Dhanush Gowda, E. and V. Nuthan Prasad, "Design of log-periodic monopole array patch antenna for UWB applications using alphabetic slots on partial ground plane," 2020 IEEE International Conference on Electronics, Computing and Communication Technologies (CONECCT), 1-5, 2020. Google Scholar

Dr. Venkatesh Nuthan Prasad

Dr. Eshwar Dhanush Gowda

Dr. Krishnappa Indira

Dr. Ananya Kodukula

Dr. Diksha Arora