volume | PIER Journals

Abstract

A novel approach is presented to achieve improved sensing performance using a one-dimensional (1D) hyperbolic graded photonic crystal (PC). The graded structure achieves refractive index modulation that varies hyperbolically with layer depth, due to its graded index geometry. Porous materials are employed to facilitate analyte infiltration. The reflectivity and sensing performance of the proposed graded and non-graded geometry is evaluated using the transfer matrix method (TMM). The Sensing capability of the graded structure is evaluated analytically by infusing different analytes within the cavity, considering various cavity widths and incidence angles. At a 40-degree angle of incidence, the analytical results demonstrate that the suggested graded structure exhibits a maximum sensitivity of 469 nm/RIU, along with a detection limit and FOM of 9.1×10^-3 and 125 RIU^-1, respectively. The detailed electric field confinement of the graded geometry is also carried out at the interface. The proposed structure outperforms conventional non-graded structures with a 114% higher sensitivity. The bio-photonic design can easily be implemented and provides high performance compared to previous works that employ exponentially graded structures. The suggested biosensor can detect even minor fluctuations in the refractive index of blood serum samples with different cholesterol concentrations.

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Dr. Diptimayee Dash

Dr. Jasmine Saini