volume | PIER Journals

Abstract

In this communication, a compact metasurface-based circularly polarized antenna with inverted L-shaped slots engraved in the ground is proposed for biomedical applications. The prospective antenna operates in the two frequency bands covering Medical Device Radio Service (Med Radio) and Industrial, Scientific, and Medicine (ISM) bands with center frequencies of 2.45 GHz and 4.1 GHz respectively. On mounting the prototype on the body, the impedance bandwidth of 14.4% and 42.5%, peak gain of 3.04 dB, and AR bandwidth of 0.3 GHz and 1.1 GHz in the two frequency bands (2.31-2.67 GHz and 3.28-5.04 GHz) are obtained respectively. For validating the prospective design, an antenna with the size of 0.264λ₀ × 0.264λ₀ × 0.014λ₀ was fabricated on a Rogers RT/Duroid 6002 substrate and measurements were done in different scenarios. Link budget analysis of the device was also done for ensuring its communication ability.

1. Zada, M., I. A. Shah, and H. Yoo, "Metamaterial-loaded compact high-gain dual-band circularly polarized implantable antenna system for multiple biomedical applications," IEEE Transactions on Antennas and Propagation, Vol. 68, No. 2, 1140-1144, Feb. 2020.
doi:10.1109/TAP.2019.2938573 Google Scholar

2. Ramli, K. N., R. A. Abd-Alhameed, C. H. See, P. S. Excell, and J. M. Noras, "Hybrid computational scheme for antenna-human body interaction," Progress In Electromagnetics Research, Vol. 133, 117-136, 2012. Google Scholar

3. Kibret, B., A. K. Teshome, and D. Lai, "Human body as antenna and its effect on human body communications," Progress In Electromagnetics Research, Vol. 148, 193-207, 2014.
doi:10.2528/PIER14061207 Google Scholar

4. Malik, N. A., P. Sant, T. Ajmal, and M. Ur-Rehman, "Implantable antennas for bio-medical applications," IEEE Journal of Electromagnetics RF and Microwaves in Medicine and Biology, Vol. 5, No. 1, 84-96, 2021.
doi:10.1109/JERM.2020.3026588 Google Scholar

5. Chaouche, Y. B., M. Nedil, I. B. Mabrouk, and O. M. Ramahi, "A wearable circularly polarized antenna backed by AMC reflector for WBAN communications," IEEE Access, Vol. 10, 12838-12852, 2022.
doi:10.1109/ACCESS.2022.3146386 Google Scholar

6. Kaim, V., B. K. Kanaujia, S. Kumar, H. C. Choi, K. W. Kim, and K. Rambabu, "Ultra-miniature circularly polarized CPW-fed implantable antenna design and its validation for biotelemetry applications," Scientific Reports, Vol. 10, No. 1, 1-16, 2020.
doi:10.1038/s41598-020-63780-4 Google Scholar

7. Chen, Y., X. Liu, Y. Fan, and H. Yang, "Wearable wideband circularly polarized array antenna for off-body applications," IEEE Antennas and Wireless Propagation Letters, Vol. 21, No. 5, 1051-1055, 2022.
doi:10.1109/LAWP.2022.3157367 Google Scholar

8. Khan, U. R., J. A. Sheikh, A. Junaid, R. Amin, S. Ashraf, and S. Ahmed, "Design of a compact hybrid Moore's fractal inspired wearable antenna for IoT enabled bio-telemetry in diagnostic health monitoring system," IEEE Access, Vol. 10, 116129-116140, 2022.
doi:10.1109/ACCESS.2022.3219442 Google Scholar

9. Yang, H. C., X. Y. Liu, Y. Fan, and M. M. Tentzeris, "Flexible circularly polarized antenna with axial ratio bandwidth enhancement for off-body communications," IET Microw. Antennas Propag., Vol. 15, 754-767, 2021.
doi:10.1049/mia2.12081 Google Scholar

10. Iqbal, A., A. Smida, A. J. Alazemi, M. I. Waly, N. K. Mallat, and S. Kim, "Wideband circularly polarized MIMO antenna for high data wearable biotelemetric devices," IEEE Access, Vol. 8, 17935-17944, 2020.
doi:10.1109/ACCESS.2020.2967397 Google Scholar

11. Chen, Y., X. Liu, Y. Fan, and H. Yang, "Wearable wideband circularly polarized array antenna for off-body applications," IEEE Antennas and Wireless Propagation Letters, Vol. 21, No. 5, 1051-1055, May 2022.
doi:10.1109/LAWP.2022.3157367 Google Scholar

12. Le, T. T., Y.-D. Kim, and T. Y. Yun, "Wearable pattern-diversity dual-polarized button antenna for versatile on-/off-body communications," IEEE Access, Vol. 10, 98700-98711, 2022.
doi:10.1109/ACCESS.2022.3206799 Google Scholar

13. Le, T. T., Y.-D. Kim, and T. Y. Yun, "A triple-band dual-open-ring high gain high-efficiency antenna for wearable applications," IEEE Access, Vol. 9, 118435-118442, 2021.
doi:10.1109/ACCESS.2021.3107605 Google Scholar

14. Zhou, L., S. Fang, and X. Jia, "Dual-band and dual-polarised circular patch textile antenna for on-/off-body WBAN applications," IET Microw. Antennas Propag., Vol. 14, No. 7, 643-648, Jun. 2020.
doi:10.1049/iet-map.2019.1073 Google Scholar

15. Yin, X., S. J. Chen, and C. Fumeaux, "Wearable dual-band dual polarization button antenna for WBAN applications," IEEE Antennas Wireless Propag. Lett., Vol. 19, No. 12, 2240-2244, Dec. 2020.
doi:10.1109/LAWP.2020.3028868 Google Scholar

16. Zhang, X. Y., H. Wong, T. Mo, and Y. F. Cao, "Dual-band dual-mode button antenna for on-body and off-body communication," IEEE Transactions on Biomedical Circuits and Systems, Vol. 11, No. 4, 933-941, Aug. 2017.
doi:10.1109/TBCAS.2017.2679048 Google Scholar

17. Jiang, Z. H., M. D. Gregory, and D. H. Werner, "Design and experimental investigation of a compact circularly polarized integrated filtering antenna for wearable biotelemetric devices," IEEE Transactions on Biomedical Circuits and Systems, Vol. 10, No. 2, 328-338, Apr. 2016.
doi:10.1109/TBCAS.2015.2438551 Google Scholar

18. Numan, A. B. and M. S. Sharawi, "Extraction of material parameters for metamaterials using a full-wave simulator [Education Column]," IEEE Antennas and Propagation Magazine, Vol. 55, No. 5, 202-211, Oct. 2013.
doi:10.1109/MAP.2013.6735515 Google Scholar

19. Mishra, N. and R. K. Chaudhary, "A miniaturized ZOR antenna with enhanced bandwidth for WiMAX applications," Microwave and Optical Technology Letters, Vol. 58, 2016.
doi:10.1002/mop.29727 Google Scholar

20. Mishra, N. and R. K. Chaudhary, "A compact wideband short-ended metamaterial antenna for wireless applications," Progress In Electromagnetics Research Letters, Vol. 66, 93-98, 2017.
doi:10.2528/PIERL17012503 Google Scholar

21. Mishra, N. and R. K. Chaudhary, "A compact CPW fed CRR loaded four element metamaterial array antenna for wireless application," Progress In Electromagnetics Research, Vol. 159, 15-26, 2017.
doi:10.2528/PIER17021304 Google Scholar

22. Mishra, N. and R. Chaudhary, "A miniaturized directive high gain metamaterial antenna using ELC ground for WiMAX application," International Journal of Electronics Letters, Vol. 7, 2018. Google Scholar

23. Kumar, S. and R. Kumari, "Composite right/left-handed ultra-wideband metamaterial antenna with improved gain," Microwave and Optical Technology Letters, Vol. 63, 2020. Google Scholar

24. Pimienta Del Valle, D. and R. Lagar-Perez, "Design of a dual-band PIFA for handset devices and it SAR evaluation," Ingenieria, Investigacion y Tecnologia, Vol. 17, 169-178, 2016.
doi:10.1016/j.riit.2016.06.002 Google Scholar

Dr. Umhara Rasool

Dr. Javaid Ahmad Sheikh

Dr. Shazia Ashraf

Dr. Gh. Jeelani Qureshi