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2026-01-30
A Double Crescent Slots Circular Ultra-Wideband Monopole Antenna for 5G, MBAN/WBAN and Future Internet of Things Applications
By
Progress In Electromagnetics Research C, Vol. 165, 161-171, 2026
Abstract
This paper presents the design, optimization, and experimental validation of a compact ultra-wideband (UWB) circular monopole antenna achieving a 3.05-23.04 GHz impedance bandwidth on a low-cost FR4 substrate (εr = 4.4, 0.8 mm thick, 30 × 20 mm2). The structure incorporates dual crescent-shaped slots and a defected ground structure (DGS) to enhance bandwidth and gain. The antenna was designed and optimized using ANSYS HFSS. Parametric optimization through four design steps demonstrated the impact of feed offset, slot incorporation, and ground-plane modification on impedance matching. The measured S11 < -10 dB covered a UWB, spanning the sub-6 GHz, C, X, Ku, and K bands, with radiation efficiency of about 86% across the band. The antenna exhibited a peak gain of up to 6.6 dBi with nearly omnidirectional radiation at lower frequencies and more directive patterns at higher bands. Simulated and measured results validated the wideband performance and high radiation efficiency, and they agree within ±2 dB in gain in the band up to 18 GHz. The design enables cost-effective deployment in high-speed wireless data transmission, 5G, IoT, radar, and biomedical imaging applications.
Citation
Djamel Sayad, Rami Zegadi, Nor-Elhouda Mehenni, Issa Tamer Elfergani, Sarra Khacha, Mohamed Lamine Bouknia, Almudena Rivadeneyra, Atul Varshney, Jonathan Rodriguez, and Chemseddine Zebiri, "A Double Crescent Slots Circular Ultra-Wideband Monopole Antenna for 5G, MBAN/WBAN and Future Internet of Things Applications," Progress In Electromagnetics Research C, Vol. 165, 161-171, 2026.
doi:10.2528/PIERC25101706
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