volume | PIER Journals

Abstract

A novel wide-stopband filtering power divider (FPD) is proposed in this paper. The proposed wide stopband FPD integrates a pair of three-line coupled structures (TLCSs)-based bandpass filters (BPFs) and stepped-impedance open stubs. This topology achieves a wide stopband through harmonic suppression and enhanced filtering simultaneously. Specifically, the stepped-impedance open stubs effectively suppress harmonics to extend the stopband while also improving in-band impedance matching. Concurrently, the TLCS-based BPFs generate multiple transmission zeros (TZs) on both sides of the passband, improving frequency selectivity. A prototype wide stopband FPD operating at 3.5 GHz is fabricated and measured. There is a favorable agreement between the measured and simulated results, displaying a stopband up to 15 GHz (4.3f₀), which features a rejection level of -15.8 dB and -10 dB fractional bandwidths of 44.8%.

1. Xu, Kai Da, Yecheng Bai, Xue Ren, and Quan Xue, "Broadband filtering power dividers using simple three-line coupled structures," IEEE Transactions on Components, Packaging and Manufacturing Technology, Vol. 9, No. 6, 1103-1110, Jun. 2019.
doi:10.1109/tcpmt.2018.2869077 Google Scholar

2. Liu, Yun, Lei Zhu, and Sheng Sun, "Proposal and design of a power divider with wideband power division and port-to-port isolation: A new topology," IEEE Transactions on Microwave Theory and Techniques, Vol. 68, No. 4, 1431-1438, Apr. 2020.
doi:10.1109/tmtt.2019.2955107 Google Scholar

3. Liu, Yun, Sheng Sun, and Lei Zhu, "2N-way wideband filtering power dividers with good isolation enhanced by a modified isolation network," IEEE Transactions on Microwave Theory and Techniques, Vol. 70, No. 6, 3177-3187, Jun. 2022.
doi:10.1109/TMTT.2022.3166199 Google Scholar

4. Wang, Di, Xin Guo, and Wen Wu, "Wideband unequal power divider with enhanced power dividing ratio, fully matching bandwidth, and filtering performance," IEEE Transactions on Microwave Theory and Techniques, Vol. 70, No. 6, 3200-3212, Jun. 2022.
doi:10.1109/tmtt.2022.3164694 Google Scholar

5. Feng, Wenjie, Yu Zhao, Wenquan Che, Roberto Gómez-García, and Quan Xue, "Single-ended-to-balanced filtering power dividers with wideband common-mode suppression," IEEE Transactions on Microwave Theory and Techniques, Vol. 66, No. 12, 5531-5542, Dec. 2018.
doi:10.1109/tmtt.2018.2867195 Google Scholar

6. Xia, Zhipeng, Jianpeng Wang, Qing-Yuan Lu, Wen Wu, and Jiasheng Hong, "A wideband 90° phase shifting element applied in quadrature phase filtering power divider," IEEE Microwave and Wireless Technology Letters, Vol. 34, No. 2, 167-170, Feb. 2024.
doi:10.1109/lmwt.2023.3340720 Google Scholar

7. Xu, Xin, Dongze Zheng, and Feng Huang, "A new filtering out-of-phase power divider with unequal power distribution using modified branch-line structure," IEEE Microwave and Wireless Technology Letters, Vol. 35, No. 5, 537-540, May 2025.
doi:10.1109/lmwt.2025.3529978 Google Scholar

8. Guo, Xin, Yuhua Liu, and Wen Wu, "Wideband unequal filtering power divider with arbitrary constant power ratio and phase difference," IEEE Transactions on Circuits and Systems II: Express Briefs, Vol. 70, No. 2, 421-425, Feb. 2023.
doi:10.1109/tcsii.2022.3212675 Google Scholar

9. Liu, Hongmei, Yihan Ma, Siran Zhang, Shaojun Fang, and Zhongbao Wang, "Wideband three-way power divider with bandpass filtering response using unequal-width three-coupled line," AEU --- International Journal of Electronics and Communications, Vol. 151, 154229, 2022.
doi:10.1016/j.aeue.2022.154229 Google Scholar

10. Chen, Ming-Tzung and Ching-Wen Tang, "Design of the filtering power divider with a wide passband and stopband," IEEE Microwave and Wireless Components Letters, Vol. 28, No. 7, 570-572, Jul. 2018.
doi:10.1109/lmwc.2018.2835446 Google Scholar

11. Tang, Ching-Wen and Jui-Ting Chen, "A design of 3-dB wideband microstrip power divider with an ultra-wide isolated frequency band," IEEE Transactions on Microwave Theory and Techniques, Vol. 64, No. 6, 1806-1811, Jun. 2016.
doi:10.1109/tmtt.2016.2554552 Google Scholar

12. Rao, Yunbo, Huizhen Jenny Qian, Bingzheng Yang, Roberto Gómez-García, and Xun Luo, "Dual-band bandpass filter and filtering power divider with ultra-wide upper stopband using hybrid microstrip/DGS dual-resonance cells," IEEE Access, Vol. 8, 23624-23637, 2020.
doi:10.1109/access.2020.2970209 Google Scholar

13. Fan, Liguo, Huizhen Jenny Qian, Bingzheng Yangl, Guoan Wang, and Xun Luo, "Filtering power divider with wide stopband using open-stub loaded coupled-line and hybrid microstrip T-stub/DGS cell," 2018 IEEE/MTT-S International Microwave Symposium --- IMS, 1-4, Philadelphia, PA, USA, Jun. 2018.
doi:10.1109/MWSYM.2018.8439433

14. Zhao, Xiao-Lan, Li Gao, Xiu Yin Zhang, and Jin-Xu Xu, "Novel filtering power divider with wide stopband using discriminating coupling," IEEE Microwave and Wireless Components Letters, Vol. 26, No. 8, 580-582, Aug. 2016.
doi:10.1109/lmwc.2016.2585551 Google Scholar

15. Chau, W.-M., K.-W. Hsu, and W.-H. Tu, "Wide-stopband Wilkinson power divider with bandpass response," Electronics Letters, Vol. 50, No. 1, 39-40, Jan. 2014.
doi:10.1049/el.2013.3264 Google Scholar

16. Zhang, Xiu Yin, Kai-Xu Wang, and Bin-Jie Hu, "Compact filtering power divider with enhanced second-harmonic suppression," IEEE Microwave and Wireless Components Letters, Vol. 23, No. 9, 483-485, Sep. 2013.
doi:10.1109/lmwc.2013.2274993 Google Scholar

17. Yu, Xi and Sheng Sun, "A novel wideband filtering power divider with embedding three-line coupled structures," IEEE Access, Vol. 6, 41280-41290, 2018.
doi:10.1109/access.2018.2858275 Google Scholar

18. Zhu, He, Amin M. Abbosh, and Lei Guo, "Wideband four-way filtering power divider with sharp selectivity and wide stopband using looped coupled-line structures," IEEE Microwave and Wireless Components Letters, Vol. 26, No. 6, 413-415, Jun. 2016.
doi:10.1109/lmwc.2016.2562107 Google Scholar

19. Chen, C.-P., J. Oda, K. Kamata, W. Imashiro, T. Anada, and S. Takeda, "An iterative synthesis scheme for wideband filter based on parallel-coupled three-line," 2013 European Microwave Conference, 889-892, Nuremberg, Germany, Oct. 2013.
doi:10.23919/EuMC.2013.6686800

20. Ahn, Hee-Ran, Asymmetric Passive Components in Microwave Integrated Circuits, Ch. 2, John Wiley & Sons, Hoboken, NJ, USA, 2006.
doi:10.1002/0470036966

21. Yamamoto, S., T. Azakami, and K. Itakura, "Coupled strip transmission line with three center conductors," IEEE Transactions on Microwave Theory and Techniques, Vol. 14, No. 10, 446-461, Oct. 1966.
doi:10.1109/tmtt.1966.1126304 Google Scholar

22. Gorur, Ali Kursad, Engin Dogan, Ceyhun Karpuz, and Adnan Gorur, "Wideband filtering power dividers with/without notch band," Microwave and Optical Technology Letters, Vol. 66, No. 3, e34091, 2024.
doi:10.1002/mop.34091 Google Scholar

23. Zhang, Yan, Hongmei Liu, Shuyi Chen, Zhongbao Wang, and Shaojun Fang, "All-port-reflectionless wideband filtering power divider using five-line coupled structure," IEEE Microwave and Wireless Technology Letters, Vol. 35, No. 1, 31-34, 2025.
doi:10.1109/lmwt.2024.3471828 Google Scholar

24. Wang, Chuan-Yun, Qian Cao, and Pin Wen, "Wideband filtering power divider based on stepped-impedance transmission lines and three-line coupled structures," 2025 Cross Strait Radio Science and Wireless Technology Conference (CSRSWTC), 1-3, Guangzhou, China, 2025.
doi:10.1109/CSRSWTC67757.2025.11384391

Dr. Chuanyun Wang

Dr. Qian Cao

Dr. Pin Wen